Post on 05-Nov-2021
Ionic Bonds: Naming & Writing
What we know
Metals on left of P.T., nonmetals on right
Metals want to lose electrons, become positive
Non-metals want to gain electrons, become negative
Metals: form cations
Non-metals: form anions
Ionic Bonds
Occurs between a metal and a non-metal
Metal gives up electrons, non-metal accepts electrons; electrons are transferred!
Both elements now have a complete octet!
The metal, now with a + charge is attracted to the non-metal, which has a – charge!
Forms an ionic compound!
Ionic Bonding
Rules for Naming
1. Write the name of the first element
2. Write the name of the second element with the –ide ending
Naming Practice
1. NaF
2. Li3P
3. CaBr2
4. Ba3N2
5. AlI3
1.Sodium fluoride2.Lithium phosphide3.Calcium bromide4.Barium nitride5.Aluminum iodide
Rules for Writing Formulas
1. Write the symbol for the first element
2. Determine its charge
3. Write the symbol for the second element
4. Determine its charge
5. Swap and drop the charges to give you the subscripts
1. Reduce if necessary
Swap and Drop Example
Aluminum Oxide:
Formula Practice
1. Sodium chloride
2. Magnesium iodide
3. Lithium sulfide
4. Potassium nitride
5. Gallium sulfide
1.NaCl2.MgI2
3.Li2S4.K3N5.Ga2S3
Ionic Naming with Transition Metals
Naming Compounds: Transition Metals
Note: Many transition metals can have multiple charges. (Pb and Sn included)
Iron: can have charge of +2 or +3
In order to specify what the charge is, we use roman numerals in parentheses after the cation (metal)
Ex: Iron (II) Oxide
Ex: Iron (III) Oxide
*You will need to use anion to determine the charge of cation if it is a transition metal!
Rules for Writing Formulas with Transition Metals
1. Write the symbol of the first element
2. The charge is given to you by the roman numeral that comes after the name
1. Note (Zinc and Silver don’t get roman numerals)
3. Write the symbol for the second element
4. Determine the charge
5. Swap and drop (or criss-cross) the charges and reduce if necessary
Examples: Formula Writing
1. Lead (IV) sulfide
2. Copper (I) nitride
3. Silver oxide
4. Manganese (II) phosphide
5. Lead (II) sulfide
Rules for Naming with Transition Metals
1. Write the name of the first element
2. Determine the charge of the first element and write it as a roman numeral in parenthesis
1. Use what you know about the anion (nonmetals) and reverse criss-cross/swap-drop
3. Write the name of the second element with and –ide ending
Examples: Naming
1. FeN
2. Ni2S
3. ZnCl2
4. MnO2
5. Co2S3
1.Iron (III) Nitride2.Nickel (I) sulfide3.Zinc chloride4.Manganese (IV) oxide5.Cobalt (III) sulfide
Ionic Naming with Polyatomic Ions
Ionic Bonds with Polyatomic Ions
There are some ions that are represented by groups of atoms instead of just one
Poly = many
Atomic = atoms
These ion units stick together to bond to other elementsYou cannot change their subscripts!!!
They each have their own special names associated with them
Rules for Naming with Polyatomic Ions
Follow all of the other rules for naming ionic compounds
If you see a compound with more than two capital letters, then there is a polyatomic ion presentFigure out which one it is off the list and
just write it’s name, whether it is the cation (ammonium) or the anion (everything else on the list)
Examples - Naming
1. CaCO3
2. Al(ClO2)3
3. (NH4)3PO4
4. MnSO4
5. Pb(CrO4)2
1.Calcium carbonate2.Aluminum chlorite3.Ammonium
phosphate4.Manganese (II)
sulfate5.Lead (IV) chromate
Rules for Writing Formulas with Polyatomic Ions
If you see ammonium or an ending that doesn’t have –ide, then you probably have a polyatomic ion
Use the charge to figure out what it’s symbol and charge are
Swap and drop/criss-cross the charges
IF YOU ARE PUTTING A SUBSCRIPT OTHER THAN ONE ONTO A POLYATOMIC ION, YOU MUST PUT IT IN PARENTHESIS FIRST, THEN PUT THE SUBSCRIPT
Examples – Writing Formulas
1. Sodium sulfite
2. Cobalt (III) iodate
3. Ammonium chloride
4. Copper (II) carbonate
5. Aluminum acetate
6. Magnesium hydroxide
1.Na2SO3
2.Co(IO3)3
3.NH4Cl4.CuCO3
5.Al(C2H3O2)3
6.Mg(OH)2