Post on 26-Jun-2020
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
INTRODUCTION TO SWEDISH BIOENERGY
EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS & TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS WITH EXAMPLES OF THEIR APPLICATIONS
Mr. Alan Sherrard
Forest industry academic & industrial backgroundProject Manager at Elmia AB, Sweden
Elmia AB Box 6066Elmiavägen 11 (Visiting address) SE-550 06 JönköpingSWEDENPh: +46 36-15 22 14Fax: +46 36-16 46 92E-mail: alan.sherrard@elmia.sehttp://www.elmia.se/
PERSONAL INTRODUCTION & CONTACT DETAILS
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
Sweden in figuresSwedish Bioenergy in contextWood fuels
- harvesting & collection- pellets & briquettes- boilers & burners
Agricultural fuels- ethanol & RME
Biofuels from wastePeat fuelSwedish bioenergy – the future?
DISPOSITION
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDEN IN FIQURES
Land areaca 41 million ha with23 million ha forest 3½ million ha arable4½ million ha mires
Population9 million ca 75 % live in the southLow population density ca 22 per/km2
What is Bioenergy?
Energy derived from biofuels, which is defined according to Swedish Standards as "fuels where biomass or peat is the original material. The fuel can have passed through chemical processes or transformation or other use".
Biomass is according to the same Standrads "material with biological origin that has not, or only to a modest extent, been chemically transformed".
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
Biofuels often categorized into different sub-groups based on origin:
Wood fuels - material from forest or wood industry not chemically processedLogging residues – branches, tops and stumps. Forest industry by-products - sawdust, shavings & bark. Recycled wood – post consumer or industrial
Black liquors – by-product from pulp industry
Agricultural fuels - purpose grown energy crops or by products from animal or crop production.
SRC (Salix), energy grass, hemp, cereals, maize, sugar beet, rape seed Animal manure, straw.
Biofuels from waste – MSW & RDF for waste-to-energy CHP plants. Also digestion of organic waste & sewage sludge for biogas & landfill gas.
Peat fuel - harvested from managed bogs
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
Bioenergy routes – feedstock to end use
Bioenergy share of total energy provisionFrom 7 % to 26 % share of total energy utilization 1970 – 2005!
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
Source: 1 & 2 SVEBIO, RVF
Bioenergydevelopment in Sweden
Bioenergy has grown at a rate of 4 – 7 TWh per annum to 110 TWh 2005
Rate of growth has increased
1970 – 9 %1990 – 15 %2000 – 20 %2005 – 26 %
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
Source: SVEBIO
TWh
Biofuel use in DH & CHP productionSolid biofuel 29 % of total fuel used 2003 Overall efficiency 88%.6,0 TWh net electricity in CHP
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT
Source: Svensk Fjärrvärme
Oldest & most common form of biofuelSmall log splitters & chippers to chip harvestersChipping green or dry at roadside or on siteResidue bundlingAccumulating heads
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS
Source: Woxnadahls Energi
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION
Source: Komatsu Forest
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION
Source: Komatsu Forest
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION
Source: John Deere
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION
Source: Komatsu Forest
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION
Source: ENHARABABKomatsu ForestBracke Forest
Sweden second largest producer & largest consumer market
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – PELLETS & BRIQUETTES
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
TotalFamily houses
Swedish fuel pellet market (tonnes/year)
Source: PiR
Technology from animal feed industrySwedish pelleting technology specialized on small scale production units < 1 tonne/hr
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUEL – PELLETS & BRIQUETTES
Source: BioPress
Source: Bogma
Source: SPC
Pellet burners generally 23 kW – 600 kW3rd generation domestic burners on marketmainly domestic & light commercialDH & CHP power plants as co-firing; ground to powder first
Wood powder burners 100 kW – 30 MWpower plant retrofits & conversionsindustry
Wood chip burners 25 kW – 40 MW DH & CHP plants both new & conversionsindustry< 1MW being replaced by pellets
Rapid domestic & international market growth for all types
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
Domestic wood chip burner 25 kW – 100 kW
Source: GotFire
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
Illustration of pellet fuel heating system 20 kW – 600 kW
Source: Janfire
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
New patented hot air furnace for space heating
Source: Vänertekno
25 – 150 kW heats 3 000 – 10 000 m3
Fuel: Logs, wood chips, pellets or grain
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
Installation 16 MW boiler for CHP plant commissioned 2005
Source: KMW Energi
Fuel: bark, wood chips, sawdust & peat
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS
Retrofit & installation 2 x 25 MW wood powder burners
Source: VTS
Not widespread as a biomass source Growing rapidly in importance especially for:
Ethanol & RMEBiogas
Can use existing harvesting technology & equipment for e.g:
CerealsStrawSugar beetSilageManure collection
Some modifications requiredBio(gas) technology mainly imported
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
AGRICULTURAL FUELS
Examples of harvesting & collection adaptations for hempSource: Green 4U
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
AGRICULTURAL FUELS
Boiler & burnersStraw boilers mainly DanishGrain burners becoming popularRapid domestic & international market interest
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
AGRICULTURAL FUELS
Source: Faust
Source: Ecotec Värmesystem
Rapid production expansion to meet demand for E85 & reduce importsTradition technologies from food & distilling industries seen as short term solutionPilot plants for 2nd generation liquid biofuels
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
AGRICULTURAL FUELS – ETHANOL & RME
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2001 2002 2003 2004
Source: BAFF
Ethanol consumption (1000 m3)
Own ethanol production prohibited!Swedish RME equipment for small scale production < 50 liters/hrExperiencing growth as interest for RME use increases especially amongst farmers & plant machinery operators e.g. forestry, construction etc
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
AGRICULTURAL FUELS – ETHANOL & RME
30 W-T-E plants in operation (2006); 22 in 1985Moving grate technology dominates; fluidized bed coming inStrict emissions controlsLarge difference in capacity5 000 to 400 000 tonnes/annumImport of MSW & RDF
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
BIOFUELS FROM WASTE
W-T-E production TWh & tonnes
Source: RVF
BiogasProduction ca. 1,4 TWh/annumMain production sources
Landfill sitesMunicipal waste water treatment
Agriculture large potentialRapid growing interest Bio(gas) technology mainly imported
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
BIOFUELS FROM WASTE
Peat harvestingLimited volumes harvested for bioenergy due to current EU classification as fossil fuel & Swedish emissions taxationResource – currently underutilizedExpected to increase once EU view changes & relaxation of CO2 taxationMost harvesting technology & equipment developed in Finland
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
PEAT FUEL
Source: Vapo Oy
Looks pretty good!
TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE
SWEDISH BIOENERGY – THE FUTURE?
Source: LRF