Introduction to Bonding

C. Johannesson

A. Vocabulary

•Chemical Bond

• attractive force between atoms or ions that binds them together as a unit

• bonds form in order to… • decrease potential energy (PE)

• increase stability

A. Vocabulary CHEMICAL FORMULA

Molecular Formula

Formula Unit

IONIC COVALENT

CO2 NaCl

A. Vocabulary COMPOUND

Ternary Compound

Binary Compound

2 elements more than 2

elements

NaNO3 NaCl

A. Vocabulary ION

Polyatomic Ion

Monatomic Ion

1 atom 2 or more atoms

NO3- Na+

C. Johannesson

IONIC COVALENT

Bond Formation

Type of Structure

Solubility in Water

Electrical Conductivity

Other Properties

e- are transferred from metal to nonmetal

high

yes (solution or liquid)

yes

e- are shared between two nonmetals

low

no

usually not

Melting Point

crystal lattice true molecules

B. Typ

es of B

on

ds

Physical State solid liquid or gas

odorous

C. Johannesson

“electron sea”

METALLIC

Bond Formation

Type of Structure

Solubility in Water

Electrical Conductivity

Other Properties

Melting Point

Physical State

e- are delocalized among metal atoms

very high

yes (any form)

no

malleable, ductile, lustrous

solid

C. Johannesson

B. Types of Bonds

C. Johannesson

Ionic Bonding - Crystal Lattice

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B. Types of Bonds

C. Johannesson

Covalent Bonding - True Molecules

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B. Types of Bonds

Diatomic

Molecule

C. Johannesson

Metallic Bonding - “Electron Sea”

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B. Types of Bonds