Post on 12-May-2015
Introduction to Facilitation
ADLT 675 Groups and Team Facilitation
In your teams … Select one key concept from each of the texts that
you found
Interesting
Helpful
Confirming
Surprising!
Table discussions of the groups you observed / Report out
What does it mean to function in the role of a facilitator?
Developing Skills as a Group Facilitator
What is group facilitation?
Choosing Among Facilitator Roles
Core Values
Key Features of the Skilled Facilitator Approach
A Group Effectiveness Model
Mental Models
Rules Governing Theories-in-Use
From the work of Chris Argyris, 1978
Model I Behaviors (unilateral control)
Model II Behaviors (mutual learning)
Nine Ground Rules for Effective Groups
Telling
Testing: “Here’s what I say, “What do you think of it?”
Asserting: “Here’s what I say and
here’s why I say it.”
Explaining: “here’s how the world works and why I can see it that way.”A
DV
OC
AC
YAn artist’s pallet of advocacy and inquiry
High
Low
Askin
g
Clarifying: “What is the question we are trying to answer?”
Interviewing:Exploring others’ points of view, and the reasons behind them
INQUIRYLow High
Observing
Bystanding: Making comments which pertain to the group process, but not to content.
Sensing: Watching the conversation flow without saying much, but keenly aware of all that transpires
AD
VO
CA
CY
INQUIRYLow High
High
Generatin
g
Skillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry): Genuinely curious, makes reasoning explicit, asks others about assumptions
Dialogue:Suspend allAssumptions, creating a “container” in which collectivethinking can emerge.
AD
VO
CA
CY
INQUIRYLow
High
High
Dictating: “Here’s what I say, and never mind why.”(Dysfunctional)
Interrogating: “Why can’t you see that your point of view is wrong?”(Dysfunctional)
AD
VO
CA
CY
INQUIRY
Politicking: Giving the impression of balancing advocacy and inquiry, while being close-minded (Dysfunctional)
Withdrawing: MentallyChecking out of the room, and not paying attention (Dysfunctional)
Dysfunctional Forms of Advocacy and Inquiry
Askin
g
Observing
Generatin
g
Telling
Testing
Asserting
Explaining
Skillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry)
Dialogue
Bystanding
Sensing
Clarifying
Interviewing
AD
VO
CA
CY
INQUIRYLow
High
High
Take action base on belief
Adopt beliefs
Draw conclusions
Make assumptions
Add meanings
Select data
Observable data and experience
Ladder of Inference (Argyris & Schön, 1978)
How Do You Apply the Ladder of Inference by Using Advocacy and inquiry? Walk “Down” the Ladder.