Introduc)onofTPEProgrammeinGEWEXSSG-29

AilikunDirectorofTPEIPO

Ins)tuteofTibetanPlateauResearchChineseAcademyofSciences

Sanya,China,6-9Feb.2017

TheThirdPoleregioncovers5millionkm2inareawithaneleva7onhigherthan4000mbyaverage

TheThirdPoleProvidesWaterResourcesforAbout2BillionPeople

ICIMOD

Warmingwith0.3-0.4℃/10afrom1960to2012

Climateiswarmingmorerapidly

TimeseriesofTanomalyandPanomaly(%)inTibetanPlateauofChinafrom1960to2012.

Bolch et al. Science(2012)

GlaciermeltintheHimalayas

Intensive glacier melt in Himalayas

Gardelle et al.. Nature Geoscience(2012)

ComparisonbetweenSRTM（2000）andSPOT5（2008)revealposi7vemassbalance

inKarakoram(0.11±0.22myr-1)

GlaciermeltinthePamir/Karakoram

Only calculating the Lakes with area > 1 km2

Changes of lake number

1081 1070

1204

1236

4.01 3.974.13

4.74

Changes of lake area (10,000 KM2)

IncreasinglakesinTibetanPlateauofChinainlast40years

CurrentUnderstandingofglacierandlakechanges（QuotefromJianChengShi）

Slower Glacier Shrinking Rate

Faster Glacier Shrinking Rate

Lake Expansion

Grigholmetal.,2015

TPEinregionalandglobalcontext

Mostatmosphericteleconnec)onpaTernsarerelatedtoThirdPole

Interac)onbetweenAsianmonsoonandmid-la)tudewesterlies

FigurequotefromDeliangChen

HowdoesThirdPoleimpactonandrespondtointerac4onofwesterliesandmonsoon?

The environment of the Third Pole is now a hot topic worldwide

The recent announcement of the 2015

Research Frontiers by Thomson

Reuters indicates that The relationship

among glacier, water resources and

climatic changes on the Third pole is a

leading frontier of earth science. The

top 20 papers were cited 1651 times,

and the 4 distinguished papers were

cited more than 1200 times

Launching TPE Programme in 2010

Volker Mosbrugger

Tandong Yao Lonnie G. Thompson

By the CAS support, the TPE was endorsed by the UNESCO, SCOPE and UNEP in 2011.

TPEprogramwerehighlightedinNatureandScience

WaterintheThirdPoleisproposedtobethemostimportantobjec7ve,ThirdPoleEnvironment(TPE)programmefocusesonclarifyingthecryosphericmeltdominantprocessesandconsequences,andproposingscien7ficadvicestomi7gateoradapttohazardousconsequences.TPEprovidesanimportantplabormtoenhancetheresearchcollabora7onsregionallyandglobally.(TPESciencePlan2011)

TheObjec7vesofTPE(2011)

Atmosphere

Lithosphere

Cryosphere

Biosphere

Hydrosphere

Anthrosphere

Multisphere interactions

ü TPEprogrammeistoobtainasystemunderstandingoftheevolu)onofthirdpoleandofitsimpactonthedynamicsoftheearthsystem:past-present-future.

ü TPEprogrammefocusesontheunderstandingthemechanismofmul)sphereinterac)onintheThirdPoleanditssurroundingregions.

TheObjec7vesofTPE(2016)

KeyScien7ficQues7onsofTPE(2016)

ü Whatarethekeyearthsystemprocessesandtheirinterac)onsamongmul)-spheresinTPEanditssurroundingregion?

ü WhataretheimpactsofglobalenvironmentchangetoThirdPoleenvironment?Andwhatarethefeedbacks?

ü Howtoprotectandsafeguardthelivelihoodlocalpeople,andhowtosupportgovernment/peopleapproachingtotheUNSDGs?

TPEIPO

GlobalNetwork

CapacityBuilding

ResearchThemes

TPESSCCo-chairs:T.Yao,L.Thompson,V.Mosbrugger

Mul7-sphere(ice-land-air-water-human)interac7ons

Paleo-climate

Mountainairpollu7onandhumanhealth

Glacier/permafrost/snowdynamicsandwater

resources

Mountainhazardsandriskassessment

Adapta7onstrategiesformountainsustainability

RegionalandEduca7onCenters

（China,Nepal,SriLanka,Burma,

CenterAsia）

GlobalOffices

（Beijing,Kathmandu,IslamabadUS,Germany）

Master/PhDcourses

YoungScien7stsTrainings

StructureofTPEprogramme

Landuse/coverchanges（LULCC） and

ecosystem

TPEDataCenter

Lack of ground observation in Tibetan Plateau (quote from Soroosh PERSIANN-CDR )

Gauge data: daily precipitation over East Asia (EA) (Xie et al., 2007)

–  More than 2200 ground-based stations across China

–  0.5˚ resolution

–  Period 1983-2006 PERSIANN-CDR: up scaled into the same resolution as EA (0.5o)

~2 gages per 10,000 km2

~1 gages per 25,000 km2

EA Rain Gauge Distribution Elevation Map

Dr. Chiyuan Miao - BNU

国内台站

国际台站

研究断面

强化研究区

影响研究区

观测冰川

珠峰

七一冰川

纳木错

加德满都

藏东南

伊斯兰堡

阿里

III

III

IV

V

年楚河年楚河

林芝拉萨

西大滩冰川

纳木那尼冰川

墓孜塔格冰川

达雄冰川

帕隆10号冰川

抗物热冰川

冷龙岭4号冰川

雪宝顶冰川

郎塘冰川

古仁河口冰川

古里雅冰川

羌塘

羌塘1号冰川

阿尼玛卿冰川

梅里雪山冰川

贡嘎山冰川

三江源三江源

唐古拉冰川

塔里木河塔里木河墓士塔格

帕米尔巴托拉冰川

墓士塔格冰川

扎当冰川

杜尚别

费德钦科冰川

双湖

纳木错

扎当冰川

加德满都

TPE Glacier/snow observation networks

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Qiyi

Meikuang

Xiaodongkemadi

Zhadang Parlung glaciers

Xiagangjiang

Kangwure

Yala E. Rathong

Ali

Naimona’nyi

Kolahoi

Muztag Ata

Deosai Shiachen

Zortash

Gurenhekou

Qiangtang No.1

Koxkar

India side

R. Samba

U. No. 1

Flagship Station Monitoring Network

Maqu

QOMS

SETS

NADORS

MAWORS

Shuanghu

NAMORS Naqu

Multi-sphere station

NewD66 D66

Airborne flight region

SMTMS network

Multi-sphere site

Radio-sonde network

D105 D110

Amdo

MS3608

MS3478 Gaize

Tianshuihai

Naimona’Nyi

Xixiabangma

Sejilashan

TPE multi-sphere observation networks

EffortstobuiltupdatasetsforTPEregionhip://en.tpedatabase.cn/

1.  GlacierschangesintheTibetanPlateauandsurroundings(70s-00s):TandongYAO(ITPCAS)

2.  TibetanPlateauobservatoryofplateauscalesoilmoistureandsoiltemperature(Tibet-in-situ):BobSU,UniversityofTwente

3.  BlendedsoilmoisturedataproductoverTibetanPlateau:YijianZeng,UniversityofTwente

4.  SoilmoistureandTemperaturemonitoringnetworkintheCentralTibetanPlateau(CTP-SMTMN):KunYANG(ITPCAS)

5.  Precipita)onDatabaseinTibetanPlateau:KunYANG(ITPCAS)

6.  A50-yearsdailysurfacesolarradia)ondatasetover716Chinameteorologicalsta)ons:KunYANG(ITPCAS)

TPE Global Network

Research and Education Centers

Beijing

Kathmandu

Sweden

Germany US

TPE Offices

Sri Lanka Myanmar

Central Asia

Nepal

Islamabad

Ø Beijing Office: HQ for coordination, research and training

Ø Kathmandu Center: Observation and training Ø US Office: Glacier dynamics and Paleo-climate Ø German Office: Ecosystem and human adaptation Ø  Islamabad Office: Observation and training

TPE Annual Workshops (2009-)

q The 4th Third Pole Environment (TPE) Workshop

q April 1-3, 2013, Dehradun, India

q 6th TPE Workshop

q 16-18 May, 2016, Columbus, Ohio, USA

Other TPE Workshops

TPE sessions in AGU and EGU TPE Sessions in AGU, EGU, AOGS

2016FallAGU 2016AOGS

2016EGU 2015EGU

TPEEducation and Training

•  To train young talents from the Third Pole region, including China, India, Nepal, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar

•  To help build multi-nation teams for long-term cross-

border scientific expeditions and observation

•  To estanblish unified scientific concept within these teams via science and technology transfer

2016Nepal

2015Kunming

TPE organizes joint scientific expeditions through cooperation with neighbor countries as Nepal, Tajikistan, Pakistan, India and China, to promote joint observation and research.

TPE-UNESCO Joint publications

1.  IntegratedObserva7onsystem

2.  Interac7onbetweenmonsoonandwesterlies

3.  Glacier/snowdynamicsandwaterresources

4. Mul7-sphere(ice-land-air-water)interac7onandhydrologicalcycle

5.  LULCCandecosystemservices

Ø  Ins7tuteofTibetanPlateauResearch/CAS

Ø  Ins7tuteofRemotesensingandDigitalEarth/CAS

Ø  PekingUniversityØ  LanzhouUniversityØ  SouthChinaSeaIns7tuteof

Oceanology/CASØ  Xinjiangins7tuteofecologyand

geography/CASØ  NorthwestIns7tuteofEco-

environmentandresearch/CASØ  TU/NepalØ  OhioStateUniversityØ  ICIMODØ  NASAØ  ResearchIns7tuteandNature

Museum,GermanyØ  UniversityofGothenburg,Sweden

CAS Key Project: Coordinated Observation and Research inTPE and surrounding regions (2016-2020, USD 6.5 million)

ThirdPoleScienceSummit—TPE-CSTP-HKTJointConference

10-12July,2017Kunming,China

hip://tpss2017.tpe.ac.cn

ThirdPoleScienceSummit—TPE-CSTP-HKTJointConference

Sessions:

1)  Lithosphere Geodynamics and Continent-continent Collision of the Third Pole

2)  Geological Evolution and Mineral Resource Development on the Third Pole

3)  Uplift of the Third Pole and its Impact 4)  Environmental Changes on the Third Pole and Global Change 5)  Integrated Observations and Modeling of Atmospheric and Land-

surface on the Third Pole

6)  Cryosphere dynamics and Water Cycle on the Third Pole

7)  Biodiversity and Ecosystem on the Third Pole 8)  Hazards and Environmental Risks on the Third Pole 9)  Natural Resource Management and Regional Sustainability on the

Third Pole