Post on 02-Jan-2016
Internet Fundamentals
Presented by the Tech Team
What is the Internet?
• Also Known As “The Net”
• World’s Largest Computer Network
• Connects networks all over the world
In the Beginning...
• ARPANET– Department of Defense
• ARPANET Wildly Successful– MILNET
• Military Sites
– ARPANET• Non-Military Sites
• There are 1.46 million new Internet users each month.
• At year end 1999, the average internet user received 13.8 e-mail messages per day, was online for 6.7 hours per week, and expended an annual $479 for online goods.
Source: eMarketer, http://www.emarketer.com/
Interesting Facts
What’s in it for me?
• Electronic Mail (e-mail)
• On-line conversation
• Information retrieval
Which way to the Internet?
• Items Needed to Access Internet– Computer (Recommend: Pentium III, 500 Mhz, 4.o gig hard
drive, 17 in monitor, 32X CD-ROM, Windows 98)
– Modem 56 bps (cable access)– Browser (Internet Explore or Netscape)– Telephone Line– Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• A company that connects your computer to the Internet– Examples: AOL, COX at home, Earthlink,
USWest, Neonramp, etc.
• Locate an ISP on the webhttp://thelist.internet.com
Interesting Fact
• In a survey of 7,000 Internet user ages 50+, Excite! Search engine discovered 83% log on every day and spend more than ten hours a week online.
• Source: Excite! http://www.excite.com
Computer Protocol
• The Internet works because all the machines speak the same language.
• The information is chopped into pieces called packets and then sent over the network.
Internet Vocabulary
• The Internet Language– FAQ
• Frequently Asked Questions
– FTP• File Transfer Protocol
– HTML• HyperText Markup Language
– HTTP• HyperText Transfer Protocol
Technology Facts of Interest...
• The greeting card that plays “Happy Birthday” features more computer power than existed in the ENTIRE world before 1950!!
• Computer power is now 8,000 times less expensive than it was 30 years ago
• Web use is growing by 2,300% a year.
World Wide Web
• Invisible Network Within “The Net”
• Hypermedia Exchange– Linked Text– Images– Sounds
• WWW Files are Encoded– HyperText Mark-up Language
World Wide Web Browsers
• Netscape
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
• A browser allows you to surf the Net and see movies, hear sounds, and use linked text.
Uniform Resource Locator
• Otherwise known as URL or the Internet address.
• Starts with http:// or ftp://, etc.– http://www.yahoo.com
• Is found at the top of the browser.
• You type in the URL to go to a new web site.
Links
• Any underlined text you see on a Web page is referred to as hypertext (link)
• Links are a graphic or text that take you to an Internet page.
• Clicking a link takes you to that page and the information is transferred to your computer.
This is a link
Links
Congratulations! • By clicking on the link, you moved to this
slide! The same thing happens on the Internet . When you click a link you connect to the page you requested. The information from that page is transferred to your computer!
Domain Names
• Identifies a website on the Internet• Domain names are interpreted into IP
address• IP addresses are a series of digits separated
by a dot– Example: 233.166.13.281.
• IP addresses are the actual physical address of the server on the Internet
Bookmarking
• You can mark a favorite site by clicking on Bookmark and add bookmark
• Bookmarks can be organized into folders
• Bookmarks can be saved on a disk or on the hard drive of the machine
Search Engines and Directories
• Search Engines are controlled by a robot and computer. Contains thousands of databases of information.
• Directory (Subject Guide) are lists of information organized by a human. Information is divided into categories and subcatagories.
Search Engines
• Search Engines allow you to search for documents– Yahoo– WebCrawler– Lycos– Alta Vista– Excite
Secrets to Searching
– Capitalize names and titles, such as December and Star Wars
– Use double quotation marks to group words– Put a + sign in front of words that MUST be in
documents – Put a - sign in front of words that SHOULD
NOT appear in documents
Common descriptive names
• Com - Commercial Organizations
• net - Organizations managing networks
• org - Miscellaneous organizations
• mil - U.S. military organization
• gov - Government organization
• edu - Educational Institution
Geographical Abbreviations
• uk - United Kingdom
• jp - Japan
• au - Australia
• se - Sweden
• ca - Canada or California
• Allows communication with anyone, anywhere, anytime
• Save, reply, delete, forward, read or print the e-mail
• Address books allow you to save e-mail addresses
Netiquette
IT’S NOTPOLITE TOSHOUT!
Emoticons (Smileys)
• :-) Happy
• :-( Unhappy
• :-D Laughing
• :-O Shocked
• :-& Tongue-tied
• ;-) Winking
• @-->-- Cyber Rose
Newsgroup Netiquette
• Check Out FAQ’s
• Listen to Conversation Before Joining
• Send Your Flame to Flamer Only
• Include Your E-mail Address
• Don’t Change the Subject
• Private E-mail/Chat for Long Conversations
Enjoy “Surfing”