Instructor – Cindy Quisenberry

Which of the following minerals is NOT

stored in our bones?

CalciumAcetatePhosphorusSodium

Answer: Acetate

Mineral storage is just one of the six functions of the human skeleton. The other five being: provides a firm framework, assists in red blood cell production, provides a point of attachment for muscles, protection of vital organs and also determines the extent of movement of body parts.

Which of the following IS an example of a long bone?

ScapulaIncusVertebraeFemur

Answer: femur

It is in long bones that red blood cell production takes place.

Which of the following is not part of the arm?

UlnaRadiusPatellaCarpals

Answer: patella

The patella is part of the lower limb, it is the human 'knee cap'.

Is the parietal bone part of the human skull?

YesNo

Answer: Yes

The parietal bone is just one of the bones in the human skull. The different bones are joined together by joints called sutures.

The eleventh and twelfth rib are known as what?

Attached ribsFalse ribsFloating ribsTrue ribs

Answer: floating ribs

The human ribs are joined to the sternum by costal cartilage.

Which of the following is NOT a type of bone disorder?

OssificationOsteoporosisOsteomyelitisRickets

Answer: ossification

Ossification is where bones form. Osteomyelitis is what all infectious diseases of the bones are called. Osteoporosis is a common condition in older people. Rickets is a condition in which the bones remain soft, when the sufferer walks the bones in the legs begin to bow.

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

SevenFiveTwelveThree

Answer: seven

There are 12 thoracic vertebrae and five lumbar vertebrae.

Where can I find the malleus bone?

FaceEarSkullFoot

Answer: ear

There are three ear bones. They are known as Malleus, Incus and Stapes.

What is a "greenstick fracture"?

The broken ends of the bone are driven into each other.Where the bone doesn't break all the way through because it is flexible.The broken end of the bone protrudes through the skin.The break occurs at the ankle and manages to affect bones of the leg.

Answer: where the bone doesn't break all the way through because it is flexible

If the ends of the bones are driven into each other, it is known as an "Impacted fracture". If the broken end protrudes through the skin, it is known as a "Compound fracture". If the break occurs at the ankle and manages to affect both leg bones it is known as a Pott's fracture.

The anatomical name for the thighbone is the __________?

CoccyxFemurRadiusTarsus

Answer: femur

The anatomical name for the shinbone is the _________?

TalusRadiusIschiumTibia

Answer: Tibia

The anatomical name for the two bones of the lower leg is the _________ and the ________?

Tibia RadiusSacrum IliumTibia FibulaPatella Femur

Answer: Tibia Fibula

The anatomical name for the armbone (upper) is the __________?

FemurManubriumHumerusUlna

Answer: Humerus

The anatomical name for the two bones of the forearm (lower arm) are the _________ and the _________?

Radius UlnaRadius FibulaTalus CalcaneusMandible Maxilla

Answer: Radius Ulna

The anatomical name for the elbow is the _________ process?

OlecranonJabbusHumerusElbonion

Answer: Olecranon

The anatomical name for the kneecap is the __________?

MandiblePatellaMaxillaCalcaneus

Answer: Patella

The anatomical name for the collar bone is the ___________?

ParietalIschiumClavicleCoccyx

Answer: Clavicle

The anatomical name for the lower jawbone is the _________ ?

MaxillaMandibleManubriumDentulium

Answer: Mandible

The anatomical name for the breast bone is the _________?

SternumAcromionAcetabulumSinatrum

Answer: Sternum

The anatomical name for the bones of the spinal column is _________?

ZygomaeVertebraePhalangesHalluces

Answer: Vertebrae

The anatomical name for the skull is the __________?

NogginiumCraniumHeadCapitum

Answer: Cranium

The anatomical name for the bones in the ankle is the _________?

TarsalsPhalangesMorsalsMetatarsals

Answer: Tarsals

The anatomical name for the bones in the wrist is the _________?

ConicalsMetacarpalsCarpalsPhalanges

Answer: Carpals

The anatomical name for the ribs is _________?

CostaeCervicesThoracesXylices

Answer: Costae

The anatomical name for the shoulder blade is the __________?

ScapulaSupraspinatumMeniscumTrapazoidium

Answer: Scapula

The anatomical name for the heel bone is the __________?

CadusHeeluxCalcaneusCoolurius

Answer: Calcaneous

The anatomical name for the fingers and toes is the _________?

TarsalsMetacarpalsPhalangesKnuckliades

Answer: Phalanges

The anatomical name for the tailbone is the _________?

CalcaneanCoccyxButtuxTuberosity

Answer: Coccyx

When a senior citizen fractures a hip, it might actually be that they fell due to the break as opposed to breaking the bone as a result of the fall.

TrueFalse

Answer: True

While it is true that in some cases a fracture happens before the fall, the majority of fractures in the aged population are caused by falling.

How many thoracic vertebrae are there in the human body?

710512

Answer: 12

Your patella is distal to your ischial tuberosity?

TrueFalse

Answer: True

Your patella is distal to your ischial tuberosity.

The hyoid bone does not articulate with other bones.

TrueFalse

Answer: True

What are the three sections of the sternum called?

Sternoid, manubrium, xiphoid processXiphoid process, mandible, bodyManubrium, body, xiphoid processMaxilla, xiphoid process, shaft

Answer: manubrium, body, xiphoid process

If you compare the sternum to a knife, the manubrium would be the handle, the body would be the blade and the xiphoid process would be the tip of the blade.

The skeleton makes up what percentage of the body's weight?

15%5%35%25%

Answer: 15%

The bones are composed of half water and half solid matter.

Bone tissue is also known as what?

Osseous tissueEndosteumOsteon tissueEpiphyseal tissue

Answer: osseous tissue

The clavicle (collar bone) is the first bone to start ossifying (hardening) in a human fetus, but is the last to completely develop.

The diaphysis is what part of a long bone?

ShaftGrowth plate endsWhere red bone marrow is found

Answer: shaft

Red bone marrow is found in the epiphysis (ends) of long bones.

Let's start with a small bone...the patella.

What is the anatomical name for this type

of bone?

Long boneSesamoid boneShort boneTuberosity

Answer: Sesamoid bone

Sesamoids are small, round bones; long bones are bones such as the humerus or femur; short bones are small bones found throughout the body like the carpal or tarsal bones; tuberosities are large "bumps" found on bones.

The supraorbital margins are part of the skull:

Just below the eyesOn the bridge of the noseIn front of the earBehind the eyebrows

Answer: Behind the eyebrows

Supra--above; and orbital--the eyes

When the palm is facing up (or is supinated), the radius is crossed over the ulna.

TrueFalse

Answer: False

Supination is holding the hand palm up. When you hold a cup of "soup," you are holding it palm up; pronation is holding the hand palm down. When you are a "pro" basketball player, you dribble the ball palm down.

Which of these is definitely not part of the bones in the hand?

PhalangesCarpalsTarsalsMetacarpals

Answer: Tarsals

Carpal--wrist (think carpal tunnel syndrome); tarsal--foot.

If I went to the doctor to have my talus bone checked, I would remove:

My watchMy shirtMy shoeMy hat

Answer: My shoe

The talus bone is one of the bones of the foot: talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, middle cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform.

The male pelvic bones are structurally different from the female pelvic bones.

TrueFalse

Answer: True

The female pelvic bones are arranged to have a wider space between them to aid in childbirth. The male coccyx is also longer and thinner than the female coccyx.

Here's a little anatomy of a bone--the end of a bone is actually termed the:

EpiphysisMedullary cavityDiaphysisPeriosteum

Answer: Epiphysis

The epiphysis is covered by a layer of articular cartilage, which helps to cushion not only the bone it covers but also the articulating bone.

When performing CPR, I must watch where I put my hands during chest compressions because a certain part of a bone might puncture the liver if I put pressure on it. What is the name of this area, and what bone is it found on?

The xyphoid process of the sternumThe tip of floating rib #12The manubrium of the sternumThe acromial end of the clavicle

Answer: The xyphoid process of the sternum

The xyphoid process is the curved, pointed edge on the end of the body of the sternum. Because the tip points to the inside of the body, downward pressure might drive the tip into the liver, puncturing it.

The superior (top) row of teeth are mounted into which of these facial bones?

MandibleMaxillaryTemporalLacrimal

Answer: Maxillary

The maxillary bone is the "mouth bone" that the top row of teeth are anchored to; the bottom row is anchored to the mandible, or "jawbone;" the temporal bone is located in the temple area of the skull; the lacrimal bones are the bones on which the tear ducts can be found.

What is the strongest bone in the human body?

HumerusFemurTibiaIschium

Answer: Femur

The femur, or thighbone, is the largest bone in the human body and is stronger than concrete.

What is the study of bones called?

OsteologyOntologyOrnithologyOncology

Answer: Osteology

Ornithology is the study of wild birds. Ontology is the study of the categories of existing things. Oncology is the study of cancer.

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that leads to an increased risk of fractures.

TrueFalse

Answer: True

Osteoporosis is quite common, as approximately 10 million Americans suffer from the disease.

Bones serve many crucial functions. Which of these is NOT a function of human bones?

Filtering harmful materials from the bodySupporting the bodyProtecting internal organsStoring important minerals

Answer: Filtering harmful materials from the body

The kidneys are mostly responsible for filtering blood/waste, not the bones.

Human bones come in an assortment of shapes and sizes. What is the smallest bone found in the human body?

StapesEthmoidHyoidMetacarpal

Answer: Stapes

The stapes bone is located in the ear. It is the lightest bone in the human body.

Though there are 206 bones in the human body, they are not spread out evenly. Where can the most bones be found in the human body?

LegsFeetHandsFace

Answer: Hands

There are 27 bones in each hand. The feet are a close second, with 26 bones being located in each foot.

The human tongue is crucial to swallowing, chewing, and tasting. What is the name of the bone that anchors the tongue?

VomerEthmoidHyoidIncus

Answer: Hyoid

The hyoid bone is shaped like a horseshoe and is not attached to any other bone.

Which of the following is NOT a type of bone found in the human body?

LongIrregularSesamoidCircular

Answer: Circular

Long bones are very common in human limbs. Sesamoid bones are found in tendons. Irregular bones are odd-shaped bones, such as bones of the hips.

Although most bones are named for their shape, there is one group of bones whose name, rather strangely, means "nameless" or "unnamed". Which one of the following groups of bones fits this description?

InnominateTarsalsCarpalsCranium

Answer: innominateThe pelvis is made up of the sacrum, the coccyx and the right and left innominate (or hip) bones. The innominates in turn are made up of bones called the pubis, ischium and ilium. In ancient Roman times, the ilium, ischium and pubis had been named, but the whole structure that they formed had not, so Galen (perhaps the most famous of the ancient Roman physicians) referred to it as the innominate (Latin for "without a name"), a description which stuck.

What have you stimulated when you hit your "funny bone"?

Ulnar nerveRadiusHumerusScapula

Answer: ulnar nerve

The ulnar nerve is a nerve that lies close to the skin surface near the elbow. When you hit it, it causes a distinctive sensation. So strictly speaking, the "funny bone" is not a bone at all but a nerve! However, the bone in the upper arm is called the humerus because humerus is Latin for "upper arm". The pun lies in the fact that "humerus" sounds like "humorous".

Three bones of the ear are named because their shapes resembled particular tools or implements. Which of the following is NOT one of the bones of the ear?

VomerMalleusIncusStapes

Answer: vomer

The three bones of the ear (malleus, incus and stapes) are the smallest bones in the human body. The smallest is the stapes which is only about 3 millimetres (0.1 inch) long. In Latin, malleus means "hammer", incus means "anvil" and stapes means "stirrup". The shapes of these bones reminded early anatomists of these items. The vomer is not a bone of the ear but it too was named because it resembled a tool. Vomer is Latin for "ploughshare" and is the name of the bone in the nasal septum.

The so-called "tailbone" is not really one bone; it is four bones fused together. Its anatomical name means "cuckoo". What is the correct medical terminology for the tailbone?

CapitateClavicleCoccyxCarpal

Answer: coccyx

The correct medical term, coccyx, is derived from the Greek "kokkyx", meaning cuckoo, because this bone resembles a cuckoo's beak. It was also once known as the "whistle bone" because it was thought to be the cause of the noise which is associated with breaking wind.

Which U-shaped bone is the only one in the human body which is not connected to any other bone?

HyoidPatellaSternumVomer

Answer: hyoid

The hyoid is a U-shaped bone located in the throat; it is connected to the tongue but not to any other bone. The name hyoid is derived from the Greek "hyoeides" meaning U-shaped. At post-mortem, a fractured hyoid often indicates death by strangulation or hanging.

Which of the following bones has a name which means "holy"?

MaxillaTemporalSacrumPalatine

Answer: sacrum

The sacrum is the curved triangular bone situated immediately above the coccyx or tailbone. It is actually made up of five bones fused together. The name "sacrum" is Latin for "sacred or holy". There are a number of explanations concerning the origin of this name. The most likely explanation is that the shape of the bone may have resembled a cup or vessel used during religious ceremonies or sacrifices, or that the bone itself may have been used in sacred rites.

The spine consists of bones called vertebrae. The first vertebra at the top of the spinal column is usually referred to as C1 but it also has a name which it shares with a character from Greek mythology. What is the other name for the first cervical vertebra?

AxisAtlasAegisAres

Answer: atlas

Atlas was the leader of the Titans. As punishment for treason, Zeus condemned Atlas to support the weight of the earth and the heavens on his shoulders. Similarly, the first cervical vertebra supports the weight and structures of the head. Gerhardus Mercator first used the name atlas for a collection of maps in the 1500's and he used an illustration of Atlas holding up the world on the title page.

What are the names of the bones in the human thumb?

Middle and distal phalangesProximal and distal phalangesTrapezoid and hamateCondyle and meniscus

Answer: Proximal and distal phalanges

Each thumb has two bones. One of the bones (distal phalange) goes from the tip of the thumb to the knuckle. The other bone (proximal phalange) goes from the knuckle to the base of the thumb.

Where in the human body is the ethmoid bone found?

FootSpineElbowSkull

Answer: Skull

The ethmoid bone is located at the roof of the nose and separates the nasal cavity from the brain. It is one of the bones that make up the orbit of the eye. The skull protects the brain from being easily damaged.

What is the more familiar name for the thoracic cage?

SkullAnklesRibsHands

Answer: Ribs

The rib cage is a bony structure, which surrounds the chest cavity and supports the pectoral girdle. The rib cage consists of twenty four bones arranged in twelve pairs.

Where in the human body are the ossicles found?

NoseMiddle earAnklesNeck

Answer: Middle ear

The three small bones are named the malleus, incus, and stapes, collectively known as the ossicles. The main function of the middle ear is to transfer acoustic energy from compression airwaves to fluid-membrane waves inside the cochlea.

What is the more familiar name for the zygomatic bone?

ForeheadCheekboneButtocksHip

Answer: Cheekbone

The zygomatic bone forms the prominence of the cheek and is classified as a paired bone of the human skull. It is also known as the malar bone.

Where in the body do you find the carpal bones?

WristsKneesAnklesEars

Answer: Wrists

The carpal bones can be found between the metacarpals and the ulna and radius. They are in two rows and there are eight bones in each wrist.

ROM stands for?

Answer: Range of Motion

Where is your Vastus Lateralis found?

Answer: Your leg

What does your Masseter muscle do?

Answer: Help you chew your food

Wasting away due to disuse is called?

Answer: Atrophy

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer: Lining hollow organs and body tubes (ie: GI & GU tract)

What type of muscle tissue is striated and involuntary?

Answer: Cardiac

What is a muscle fiber called?

Answer: Myofibril

When do skeletal muscles contract?

Answer: When they receive a nerve impulse

After your biceps brachii contract, how does it expand again?

Answer: The triceps brachii contracts, pulling the biceps back to its full length

What do tendons do?

Answer: Attach muscle to bone

What do ligaments do?

Answer: Attach bone to bone

Which types of muscles lack striations?

Answer: Smooth

Which system does cardiac muscle interact directly with?

Answer: Circulatory

What type of muscle has a direct effect on your bones?

Answer: Skeletal

What two types of muscle are involuntary?

Answer: Cardiac and Smooth

What is the function of cardiac muscle?

Answer: To pump blood throughout the body

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Answer: The heart

Define dislocation?

Answer: Displacement of bone from its normal position in a joint

Name the different types of muscles?

Answer: SkeletalCardiacSmooth