Post on 13-Jul-2020
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Innovative Technology Drives RealResults
Curt Sawan – Red LobsterGreg DuChane – TraneSteve Brown - LC Systems
• Curt Sawan – Red Lobster• Facility Manager• ASHRAE TC 5.10 Member
• Greg DuChane ‐ Trane• Director, Retail / Restaurant National Accounts• ASHRAE TC 5.10 Past Chair• ASHRAE RP‐1469 “Comfort Commercial Kitchens” Chair
• Steve Brown – LC Systems• President, LC Systems• ASHRAE TC 5.10 Past Chair
Presenter Introductions
• Results of Application & Testing of New Variable Speed Rooftop Unit Technology to Control Temperature, Humidity & Measure Power Consumption Vs. a Traditional High Efficiency Rooftop Unit with Hot Gas Reheat (Dehumidification) on an existing Red Lobster Dining Room in Clarksville, IN (Louisville, KY Area)
• New Hood Airflow Testing Procedure
What are We going to Learn Today?Curt Sawan
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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• History of Red Lobster Restaurant – Clarksville, INBuilding Design (Dining ‐ 40 Tons Total)
1. Three Dining Room Rooftop Units (15, 15 & 10 Ton)2. Single Thermostat per Rooftop Unit3. Sequential Compressor Staging
Inherent Issues1. Inadequate Compressor Run Times ‐ Oversized2. Coverage Area Too Large for Single Thermostat3. Outdoor Air Introduction during Normal Operation
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INBackground & HVAC Issues
Standard Unit Short Cycling
• Problems EncounteredGuest ComfortHigh HumidityMoldEmployee discomfortBuilding Air Balance (Negative Pressure)
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INBackground & HVAC Issues
Red Lobster – Moisture IssuesHigh Indoor Relative Humidity
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Red Lobster – Moisture IssuesHigh Indoor Relative Humidity
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INHVAC Design Layout
• Past ExperiencesOther buildings with same designCurrent equipment‐ asset cost and designAgeSizingAbility to perform as neededHumidity Control Energy efficiencyImplication for future retrofitsDuctworkRemodels
Raised Deck
Lobby
15 Ton Unit
15 TonUnit
10 TonUnit
15 TonUnit
10 TonUnit
Main Dining
Kitchen
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INTotal Outside Air
Building Pressure: +619 CFM
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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• Outdoor Design ‐ 91 F DB / 79 F WB = 131 grains• Indoor Design – 75 F DB / 50% RH = 64 grains• To Achieve Comfort ‐We must Remove 67 grains (131 – 64) of Moisture from of the outdoor air!
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INMoisture in Outdoor Air
F DB Dry Bulb Temperature (F)F WB Wet Bulb Temperature (F)RH Relative Humidity (%)
• 1 lb. of water = 7,000 grains • 1 cfm = 4.5 lbs air / hour• 1 gallon water = 8.33 lbs
So for 1,000 cfm…=1000 cfm x 4.5 lbs air/hr X 131 gr/lb = 589,000 gr/hr= 589,000 gr/hr / 7000 gr/lb = 84.2 lbs water/hr = 84.2 lbs water/hr / 8.33 lb/gal = 10.1 gal/hr total water content
lbs/hr water removed = 4.5 X cfm X grains removed (gr/lb) / 7000 gr/lb= 4.5 X 1000 cfm X (131‐64)/7000= 43.1 lbs/hrgal/hr = 43.1 lbs/hr / 8.33 lb/gal
5.2 Gallons per Hour!
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INFacts of Moisture in Outdoor Air
• 10,500 CFM outdoor air• 1,000 CFM Outdoor Air = 5.2 gallons per hour• HVAC System must Manage 54.6 Gallons per Hour• Exhaust Hood / Make‐Up Air, HVAC Units, etc.• 10 tons of HVAC units Running at Full Capacity & Making 55 F Air will Remove 5 gallons of water per hour• So the 60 Tons of HVAC Units running at full
capacity will remove 30 gallons per hour.
• What happens to the other 20 gallons?
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INOutdoor Air Management
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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• Hood operations & Performance• Restaurant Operations• RTU Dehumidification Options available
• Past & Present
Retrofit current equipment ‐ APR DeviceAdd Dehumidifier(s)Hot Gas ReheatOther Options?
Considerations for resolution
• Must be another option?• Future energy consumption & Green Buildings• What new technology is out there to reduce
energy but still get results?
What about energy efficiency?
• Variable Speed Rooftop Unit Technology• Variable – Variable – Variable (V3)
• Compressor• Supply or Indoor Fan• Condenser Fan
• Integration into Package Rooftop Units• What do they do & how do they work?• HVAC Design Considerations
New Technology IntroductionGreg DuChane
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Red Lobster – HVAC Test Layout
15 TonHighV3
(New)
15 TonStandard(Existing)
10 TonHighHGRH(New)
Red Lobster - Data Acquisition
• Temperature & RH Control• 3 – Dining RTU’s• 2 ‐ Kitchen RTU’s
• Dining & Kitchen RTU Power• Exhaust & Supply Fan Power• Main Building Power• Power Monitoring Station• Wireless Temperature / RH Control• User Interface (Color Display)• Cell Router / Modem
Red Lobster – October ResultsPart Load Days & Temperature Variance
Night ‐ Unoccupied
Night ‐ Cleaning
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Red Lobster – System StatusDining Area Occupied Dashboard
Red Lobster – Guest ComfortOutdoor Air Temp: 60 – 85 F
OCCUPIED OCCUPIEDOCCUPIED
Variable Speed – T: 72 F Avg. (74 – 68 F Range)Hot Gas Reheat – T: 72 F Avg. (74 – 70 F Range)Std. Efficiency – T: 72 F Avg. (74 – 70 F Range)
Variable Speed – RH: 40% Avg. (55 – 30% Range)Hot Gas Reheat – RH: 35% Avg. (50 – 30 % Range)Std. Efficiency – RH: 45% Avg. (50 – 30% Range)
72 F
35%
• Hot Gas Reheat (Active Dehumidification)• Tightest Temperature & RH Control• Traditional Energy Penalty
+1/3 More Power or Greater on Average
• Variable Speed Fan & Outdoor Air Compensation offer Very Good Temperature & RH Control within Acceptable Temperature ‐ RH Limits & offers Substantial Energy Savings Opportunity
Red Lobster – Guest ComfortObservations
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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• Dining Area Variable Speed & Hot Gas Reheat Unit Overcome RH Issues in Dining Area Served by Standard Efficiency Unit with Dehumidification due to Vapor Pressure Equalization
• Unconditioned Kitchen Make‐Up Air Adds Moisture to Dining Area due to Vapor Pressure Equalization – Internally Compensating or Short Circuit Hoods
• Existing Dining Area Rooftop Unit is Short‐Cycling & Loading the Dining Area with “Off Cycle” Humid Outdoor Air Creating a Moisture Load for the Hot Gas Reheat & Variable Speed Compressor Units
Red Lobster – Guest ComfortIssues & Head Winds
Variable Speed TechnologyCompressor, Indoor Fan & Condenser Fan
Benefits of Variable Speed
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Red Lobster – System StatusDining Area Occupied Dashboard
Variable Speed Vs. HGRH
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INHeat Map & Scatter Plot
• Heat Map Identifies Energy Usage Intensity by Day by Hour
• Scatter Plot Identifies Energy Usage• HGRH – High Usage• VS – Wide Operating
Range
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INDining Area Load & Energy Calculations
October Actual EMS
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Red Lobster – Clarksville, IN3 RTU – 12.5 Ton – Dining Roof Sweep
Alt. 1: High EfficiencyAtl. 2: High Eff. – Hot Gas ReheatAlt. 3: High Eff. – Variable Speed
Problem StatementRestaurant was ExperiencingHigh Humidity & DifficultyControlling Building Moisture
Problem SolutionRooftop HVAC Units with HotGas Reheat or Variable Speed
ResultsVariable Speed Rooftop UnitsProvide 2.1 Year Payback Saving Energy & ProvidingComfort & Humidity Control
2.1 YearsVar. Speed
• Don’t Assume that Replacing “Like for Like” Rooftop HVAC Units will Solve the Problem –Recommend 3 – 12.5 Ton HVAC Units (37.5 Tons Vs. 40 Tons Originally)• HVAC Loads Change Over Time – Lighting Upgrades,
Seating Configurations & Actual Restaurant Volume / Loads Change
• Take Time & Perform Load & Energy Calculations Prior to Recommending a Replacement Strategy
• Hot Gas Reheat & Variable Speed Rooftop HVAC Systems Can Provide Superior Temperature & Humidity Control BUT Look for other Sources of Unconditioned Outdoor Air Loads –Compensating Hoods & Make‐Up Air in the
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INLessons Learned
Red Lobster – Clarksville, INLive Data
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Tricks of the TradeYes…We are Geeks!
Airflow MeasurementSmart Phone Interface
Temperature & RHData Logging
Pocket Temperature & RH Sensor
Questions?
Curt Sawan – Red LobsterFacility Manager
Greg DuChane – TraneRetail‐Restaurant National Accounts
• Steve Brown – LCSystems• President, LCSystems, Inc.• ASHRAE TC 5.10 Past Chair
Presenter IntroductionsAirflow Testing Method of Test Update
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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T.A.B. Test & Balance Ports
EASE OF BALANCING.
FIELD SYSTEM FOR BALANCING AIR FLOW RATES
KVE-102001.02
qv [cfm]
p s t
[''WC]
10001000 2000 3000
0.100.10
0.20
0.30
0.50
TAB Ports - CKV Air BalanceRELIABLE - ACCURATE - EASY
ASHRAE ResearchMOT Evaluate Field Performance of CKV Systems
Cyclone Filter Results
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000Qactual (SCFM)
Qm
easu
re (S
CFM
)
4" RVA Cold Discrete
4" RVA Cold Traverse
2.75" RVA Cold Discrete
2.75" RVA Cold Traverse
Hot Film Cold Discrete
Hot Film Cold Traverse
Velocity Grid Cold
Flow Hood (2'x4') Cold
Flow Hood (2'x2') Cold
4" RVA Hot Discrete
4" RVA Hot Traverse
2.75" RVA Hot Discrete
2.75" RVA Hot Traverse
Hot Film Hot Discrete
Hot Film Hot Traverse
Velocity Grid Hot
Flow Hood (2'x4') Hot
Flow Hood (2'x2') Hot
K-factor of 1
Most Hand‐Held Devices Report Exhaust Readings are LOW!
Perimeter Results
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500Qactual
Qm
easu
red
4'' RVA Cold Discrete
4" RVA Cold Traverse
2.75" RVA Cold Discrete
2.75" RVA Cold Traverse
Hot Film Cold Discrete
Hot Film Cold Traverse
Velocity Grid Cold
4" RVA Hot Discrete
4" RVA Hot Traverse
2.75" RVA Hot Discrete
2.75" RVA Hot Traverse
Velocity Grid Hot
Hot Film Hot Discrete
Hot Film Hot Traverse
K Factor of 1
2'x2' FlowHood Cold
2'x2' FlowHood Hot
ASHRAE ResearchMOT Evaluate Field Performance of CKV Systems
Most Hand‐Held Devices Report Supply Readings that are HIGH!
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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ASHRAE Research TAB Pressure Convenient - Reliable
TAB Pressure Readings are HIGHLY ACCURATE!
Hand Held Readings Off by Just 10% Results in 90% Increase in Building Outdoor Airflow
Exhaust Read 10% Under Design & MUA Read 10% Over Design Field Adjusted =
Design Hand Held Reading Field Adjusted0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
4000 3600
4400
3200 3520 2880
8001040
1520
Exhaust
MUA
Building
Building Supply 90% over design!
Conclusions
Hood and Fan Pressure TAB Ports
• Require Manufacturer’s Certification
• Customer tool • Maintenance Check• Performance Update
• High Degree of Air Balancing Accuracy
• Easy to Use
RFMA 2016 Annual Conference March 13‐15, 2016
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Questions?
Steve Brown – LC SystemsPresident