Post on 18-Nov-2014
description
Master Thesis
Individualisation possibilities for books with «print on demand»
technique
Aldi Alimuçaj BSc. Institute for Information Systems and Computer Media (IICM)
21 June 2012
Overview
• Introduction
• Current Technologies
• Plugin Development
• Proof of Concept
• Conclusion
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• What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?
„OER are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge “(OER Commons)
- Free to use - Edit
- Distribute - Download
Introduction
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Introduction
• Differences between OER and other Open Initiatives – OER Generalization of all Learning Resources – We focus on Open Access Journals as its subset
• Why are people sharing for free? – Technological (Software/Digital Resources immaterial) – Economic (New business models) – Social (Social movements) – Legal (Constraints over existing copyrighted
technologies)
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Introduction
• (Re-)Funding OER and Sustainability models
– Knowing the Costs
• Value measurement (Manpower, Market value)
– Where is added-value generated
• Preparation
• Premium services
• Marketing
• Dual Licensing
– Costs and revenue models
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Introduction
– Endowment Model
– Membership Model
– Donations Model
– Conversion Model
– Contributor-Pay Model
– Sponsorship Model
– Institutional Model
– Governmental Model
– Partnerships and Exchanges
– CrowdFunding Model
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Current Technologies • Flat World Knowledge
– Innovative, well designed, supporting tools, proprietary
• Open Access Publications – Classic Repository, focus on simplicity, open source
• Open Journal Systems (OJS) – Interactive, process oriented, extendable architecture
• Print on Demand
– Amazon (large amount of orders, globally active) • 10 or more titels to start business
– Epubli • print on demand and self publishing platform
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Current Technologies
• Print on Demand
“the technology based on digital printing that enables books to be printed even in small amounts”
• Event based production ↔ Statistical order
• Access to small/random/personal publications
• No storage costs, but slightly higher price per unit
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POD Plugin Development
• A gear between two frameworks (OJS, epubli)
• Extension of OJS’s core functionalities
• OJS is an open source framework
– Written in PHP
– Supports most popular databases through ADODB
– Implements a variant of the MVC design pattern
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POD Plugin Development
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Open Journal Systems MVC Diagram (Smecher, 2011)
POD Plugin Development
• epubli Interfaces
– Client Web Interface (Browser)
– Web Service (XML Request)
– Partner Interface URL (PHP Script interface) [POST/GET]
http://www.epubli.de/interfaces/partnerInterface.php?repository=url&action=workbench&pdfURI=
Influence the print job through defined parameters
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POD Plugin Development
• Action – workbench, price, voucher, order
• Repository – Customized repository, i.e. tugraz
• pdfURI – URI to the PDF document
• Price – Additional charge (amount besides the printing and
shipping costs) static or dynamic
• Format – A4, A5 etc.
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POD Plugin Development
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POD Plugin Structure Diagram
POD Plugin Development
POD Plugin Development • Functions
– Select current issue • Offers the possibility to chose articles
– Show cart • Show selected articles
– Removing items
– Rearranging the order
– Quick link to preview the article
– Create request • Compiling the file
• Calculating & Serializing the parameters (price, timestamp, signature)
• Send request over the Partner Interface 16
Proof of Concept
• Develop an open source plugin which gives small and medium OER institutions the possibility to refinances themselves
• Analyze the chances of success of this new
business model by examining the economic and technical perspective of the new plugin and existing solutions in the market
• Starting a topic for discussion about financing
OER (with this business model configuration)
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Proof of Concept
• Building an interconnected environment
• Advantages for all stakeholders
Proof of Concept
• Advantages for Publishers
– Earn money
– Focus on writing/reviewing/publishing
– No installation/operation costs
– Remain free of contracts and other legal commitments
– Complete the publishing cycle by adding printed copies (Students, Pupils with no PC in class)
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Proof of Concept
• Advantages for Users – Price
• Publisher decides whether to charge the user or not
– Access rights • In contrast with commercial OER repositories
• User can download, view online, print
– Usability • All in one solution
• Before: Select, Download, Merge, Upload, Configure
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Proof of Concept
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Prices (in Dollars) for printing-on-demand from FWK and epubli
FWK OER book: Elementary Algebra by John Redden (274 pages) Amazon book: Elementary Algebra by Jerome E. Kaufmann and Karen L. Schwitters (539 pages)
Proof of Concept
• Advantages for POD Providers
– Increased turnover
• Through the cooperation, customers who probably wouldn’t use the service
– Marketing
• As OER partner
– New technologies
• Printing industry has to adapt to the digital era and find new ways of doing business
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Proof of Concept
Proving the solution
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Before After
Conclusion
• Developing the Plugin
• Studying the business model
• Installing it on L3T.eu and bildungsforschung.org
• Successfully printing one copy and closing the test phase
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Live Demonstration
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Questions
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