Post on 09-Feb-2016
description
India
- British Colony
- Indian Nationalist Movement
- Britain votes to grant India independence
- debate between Muslim minority and Hindu Majority over land
The Partition of India
- 1947 (August 15)
- Muslims wanted their own nation
- Riots broke out over plan to divide India
- Muslims moved into northwestern territory of India and named their nation Pakistan
- Hindu population dominated India
Mohandas K. Gandhi - led movement to gain
independence from Britain
- Used non-violent techniques to bring about change and restore peace (Satyagraha)
- did not want India divided, wished for all Indians to stay unified
- was assassinated in 1948
India Today
Currency
Monetary unit: Rupee
1 US Dollar = 43 Rupees
1 Rupee = 100 Paise
Language
Hindi and English
Population
- over a billion citizens, 2nd most populated nation in the world!
- Majority is Hindu 82%- Minority - Muslim 12%
- Christian 2.3%- Due to lack of agricultural jobs, many citizens have
moved into cities- Overcrowding- poor living conditions
- lack of basic services: water, sewage
Economy- British built railroads are main transportation
- focus on farming “Green Revolution”
- #1 producer of Cotton
- Heavy Industry
Social Change1. Caste system
2. Family life- big emphasis on family
3. Marriage
- Arranged by parents
- Boys age 21, girls age 18
- Dowry system: Groom ask Brides family
for $$ or car, appliance, etc
Education
- big emphasis on education in India- system is based on British model- One school building for (K-10th grade)- 1 Room per grade (all 10th in one class)
Board Exam- exam that determines whether you get to go to
college or not, if you fail then you join the work force or retake.
- Families desire to send their children to the US for college education.
Sports National Sport is Cricket
- similar to baseball
- 11 players per team
- 2 innings (600 pitches)
Pakistan
East and West Pakistan were separated by India, both were Muslim nations but very different in culture.
- 1971 East Pakistan became independent and changed their name to Bangladesh
TODAY
- West Pakistan = Pakistan
- East Pakistan = Bangladesh
Pakistan- Military run nation,
semi-democracy
- President Pervez Musharraf
- emphasis on farming and heavy industry
- tried to take the Muslim province of Kashmir away from India
Conflict
- Pakistan and India don’t get along very well
- US gave economic and military support to Pakistan during the Cold War
- There have been several wars between India and Pakistan over the province of Kashmir
Going Nuclear 1974 – India test their first nuclear weapon and becomes a nuclear world power
- in response, Pakistan sought to purchase the same technology
1998 – Pakistan gets their first nuke, both nations test weapons and almost go to war
- Relations between India and Pakistan have improved, but the threat of constant war is ever-present.