Analysis and impact of Intellectual Property on technology

development

Antonio Gonzalo Vaca

Intellectual Property and technological

society

•Technology

•Intellectual Property

•Society, technology and Int. Property

TECNOLOGÍA

Internet

• The MIT, RAND Corporation and National Physical Laboratory• ARPA ARPANET• User’s control

Digitization and

compression

Broadband network in Spain

- Broadband

- New services

Broadband homes Barriers

Digitization and compression

Digital Rights Management

- Model of trust:

Digital Rights Management

- Preventing copy:- Watermarking y fingerprinting

Peer to peer networks

File 4MbServer 100 MbpsClient 1 Mpbs

Models

* web, repositories, etc.

Search Files Source

Hybrid ModelINDEX

SERVERComplete Single

Distribution tree

Flooding Complete Single

Multiple Distribution

trees

Smart flooding

HASH Some

BitTorrent -* HASH Mesh

ISPs behaviour

Comparative board of propertiesConcept P2P Cliente / Servidor

Customized GUISI - Skins, sounds,

etc.NO

Strengh Distributed (bigger) Centralized (smaller)

Encryption Customizable Strict

Searchs Open Specific

Multi-threads Versatile Sometimes

Cache Fast Sometimes

Bandwidth capping Yes Sometimes

Account levels Always Sometimes

Remote administration

Always Sometimes

Multiplatform Versatile Sometimes

Trackers Yes Sometimes

Communications News, IM, chat Sometimes

Cost Less Bigger

AplicationsProyects such as:•Jabber•Groove•Invisible IRC•Skypeetc.

Proyects such as:•Gnutella•Freenet and Mojo Nation•Publius•Omemo•Spotifyetc.

Proyects such as:•SETI@Home•Oxford Cancer Research•Stanford Polymer Folding Research•US DoD Disease Research•The Rothberg Institute for Childhood Diseases•Cracking Contestsetc.

(Instant messaging)

(File exchange)(Distributed computing)

Examples•Hospitals: Access to medical records by different specialists, remote diagnostics comment, share articles and publications, management shifts, and guards ...

•Councils: Collaboration between Ministries, access to records, secure coms between members of the government team, formation of urgent committees...

•Universities: Discussion forums from anywhere, reporting schedules and class changes, qualifications and centralization of resources, e-learning ...

•Media: Access to work in production for journalists, direct but remote communication with team members ...

•Advertising Agencies: Freelancers cooperation in the creation of a campaign, sending documents to the press, access to castings and books ...

•Multinational Design and production: Marketing department has created design data while engineering starts development ...

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

Intellectual Property - concept

PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL

Antagonistic good From intellect

Excludable good Comunicated

- Exact copies = not antagonistic- Freedom of speech = not

excludable

Types

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

DROIT D’AUTEUR

Protects

Inventions (Patents), distinctive sings

(Marcas) or Industrial designs

Scientific, educational, literary and artistic works

Rights provided

Use, benefit and exclusion of others

Moral and economic Rights

TRLPI: Royal Legislative Decree 1/1996, by which

approved the Reworked text of Intellectual Property Law

Book I. Rights of author (not ©!) Book II. Other IP Rights Book III. Protection of the Rights

LSSI-CE: Information Society Services and Electronic Commerce act

- Directive 2000/31/CE- Article 17

Intellectual Property laws

SECRETARÍA DE ESTADODE TELECOMUNICACIONES PARA LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN

SECRETARÍA DE ESTADODE TELECOMUNICACIONES PARA LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN

Intellectual property laws

• Treaties of WIPO:- Rights of author- Phonogram performance

•Secction 1201

Intellectual property laws

CEE Directives:

2001 Directive 2001/29/CE Digital environment

2004Intellectual property rights enforcement Directive (IPRED)

Strenghten the enforcement of rights

2005Amendment of Directive 2005/29/CE (IPRED2)

Introduce criminal way

2007 Telecom packageUnify the European telecommunications

market

• Traumann dossier• Harbour dossier• “Torpedo” amendments

-Amendments H, K y 138

Telecom Package:

Intellectual property laws

Alternative licenses

Free software

Free content

Alternative licenses

Software

PrivativeUse with

restrictionsCLUF o EULA

Semi-freeNon-

commercial clauses

CC-BY-NC-ND, CC-BY-NC-SA, CC-BY-ND, CC-

BY-NC

FreePermisive

Without conditions

MPL, APACHE, MIT, BSD y CC-BY

Reciprocals

Conditions on redistribution

GPL, LGPL, AGPL, GFDL, CC-BY-SA

Alternative licenses

CopiarReconocimiento (BY - Attribution)

No comercial (NC - Noncommercial)

Sin obra derivada (ND - No Derivative

Works)

Compartir igual (SA - Share Alike)

Alternative licenses

copyright

copyleft

public domain

SOCIETY, TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL

PROPERTY

Balance

Authors

Producers, distributors

ExhibitionPublicUsers

InternetP2P

InternetP2P

Concentration

Law and P2P

Laws• TRLPI• LSSI-CE• Penal Code

Terms in dispute

• Non-profit• Public distribution• Prejudice to third• Unauthorized reproduction

Non-profit

Public distribution

Prejudice to third (ceasing of profit) Harvard Business School Center of Economic research SEO and University of Amsterdam University of London Study of Foundation 'Alternativas' etc.

Unauthorized reproduction

PRIVATE COPY SAFE COPY

- Private use- No collective use- Not lucrative- Is disclosed

- Generated from the original- Without spirit of profit or damage to third parties- Legitimate owner of the original- Software copy only

DIGITAL ‘CANON’ DIGITAL ‘CANON’

Exceptions to the LPI

Reactions

Intellectual Property Laws

Technology

Use Extension

ISPsStrength Lenght

Authors

DamagesPublic domain

Books 1930

Movies 1927-46

(- Out of catalog)(- Available)

DamagesCreativity

Copy Remix

Professional

Amateur

DamagesNet Neutrality

Conclusion

USERS PROTOCOLS NET FILES

DarknetsDHT+PEX

P4PEncryption Massive storage

New ways

New models

- New products IN OWN CONTEXT- Attention means €€- CC Licenses

New models

“Every artist is a cannibal, and every poet is a thief”

U2