IdentificaIdentificación y ción y descripción de descripción de

personaspersonas

Mosaicos, pp. 9 and 10Mosaicos, pp. 9 and 10

How much Spanish do you know?

Cognates You may know more Spanish than you

think!

For example, you can already recognize the meaning of some Spanish words that look like their English counterparts. These words are called “cognates.”

Examples: pizza (pizza), restaurante (restaurant), pasaporte (passport).

Cognates (cont.)

Malena is studying Spanish.

Can you help her translate Spanish cognates into English?

First, we will learn cognates that use the same form for both masculine and feminine gender.

Modelo 1:

arrogante

=

arrogant

Modelo 2:

competente

=

competent

As you see, Spanish words that end in –ante or –ente correspond to English

words that end in –ant or –ent:

importante = important

independiente = independent

Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these

Spanish words.

eficiente

elegante

inteligente

valiente

eficiente = efficient

elegante = elegant

inteligente = intelligent

valiente = valiant

Some words are a bit different…

paciente

interesante

Some words are a bit different…

paciente = patient

interesante = interesting

Spanish words ending in –ista

=

English words ending in –istic / -ist:

idealista = idealistic

perfeccionista = perfectionist

Now, follow this simple rule to find the English equivalent to these

Spanish words

materialista

pesimista

optimista

materialista = materialistic

pesimista = pessimistic

optimista = optimistic

Spanish words ending in -cial

correspond to

English words ending in –tial:

(im)parcial = (im)partial

Spanish words ending in -cional

correspond to

English words ending in –tional:

tradicional = traditional

In some cases, there is no rule but Spanish and English words are still

very similar:

rebelde = rebel

responsable = responsible

In other cases, Spanish words look exactly the same as their English

translation:

popular = popularterrible = terrible

sentimental = sentimental

Let’s learn more cognates related to two friends of Malena:

David and John.

David es…

extrovertido

romántico

tranquilo

David es…

extrovertido = extroverted

romántico = romantic

tranquilo = tranquil

David también (also) es…

atlético

moderno

tímido

David también (also) es…

atlético = athletic

moderna = modern

tímico = timid

David también (also) es…

dinámico

generoso

religioso

David también (also) es…

dinámico = dynamic

generoso = generous

religioso = religious

David and John are very different.

John es…

atractivo

ambicioso

lógico

John es…

atractivo = attractive

ambicioso = ambitious

lógico = logical

John también es…

pasivo

serio

agresivo

John también es…

pasivo = passive

serio = serious

agresivo = aggressive

John también es…

cómico

impulsivo

creativo

John también es…

cómico = comical

impulsivo = impulsive

creativo = creative

As you see, there are many Spanish – English cognates.

False cognates

However, some words look like cognates, but do not have the

same meaning in both languages.

These are called “false cognates.”

False cognates (cont.)

Examples:

Lectura looks like lecture but means reading.Éxito looks like exit but means success.Embarazada looks like embarrassed but means pregnant.

¡Buen trabajo!

Hoy hemos aprendido (He have learned) vocabulario sobre la identificación y

descripción de personas.