Post on 14-Jan-2016
description
ICT Infrastructuresand Climate Change
Chaesub LeeChairman of ITU-T SG 13
(ETRI, Korea)
ICTs and Climate Change
• ICTs are part of using Energy (generation and consumption) impact to Climate Change 2~2.5 %• ICTs impact on using Energy (Delivery & consumption control) The use of ICT is predicted to reduce total global GHG’s by 15% by 2020 ...and grow to 40% by 2050
Source: GeSi & EC. Europa
Important to build “Green ICT”Important to build “Green ICT”
ICT is part of the problem
ICT is a necessary part of the solution
Green of ICTGreen of ICT Green by ICTGreen by ICT
Green of ICT vs Green by ICTGreen of ICT vs Green by ICT
Green of ICT (2%)Green of ICT (2%)
Green by ICT (98%)Green by ICT (98%)
Source : Gartner 2007
845 million TCO2
reduction effect
4.89 billion TCO2 reduction effect
Global CO2 Emissions
o ‘Green of ICT’ influences only 2% of global CO2 emission, while ‘Green by ICT’ covers the other 98%
o ‘Green of ICT’ can reduce 845 million TCO2 worldwide, while ‘Green by ICT’ can lead to 4.89billion TCO2 reduction globally
o ’Green by ICT’ is approximately 5 times more effective than ‘Green of ICT’ in terms of CO2 reduction
ICTs in terms of CC impacts
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”
Energy consumption trends of Network (ref. Internet)
Internet traffic is increasing exponentially New network services: Tele-working, High Definition Video etc Network power consumption will increase by 13 times (from
2006→2025), although ICT average will increase by 5 times
Energy saving in Network should be a important issue
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Examples of energy saving points in Network Operation
Energy saving by GPON
Ene
rgy
MW
h/Y
C
ost M
€/Y
(10
0k s
ubs)
*) Costs for air conditioning are not considered
GPON Energy and Cost efficiency
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
ADSL2+ PON FTTH
Energy Consumption (MWh/y) Cost (k€/Y)
80 % Energy & Cost savings
By replacing ADSL2+
With PON *)
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 4 “Direct and Indirect Impact of ITU-T Standards”
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Energy saving points of RouterEnergy consumption of one
router:7.1 kW x 24 hours x 365 days = 62,600kWh
Potential contribution of NGN(1/3)
o Unified network architecture• Network convergence involves a
migration from multiple separate networks to a unique IP based network and requires a centralization of applications and services control
• the evolution to a unified network could allow telecom operators to share network equipment and management functions
Potential contribution of NGN(2/3)o advantages of centralization of NGN
• Dissemination of smart terminals that are less energy and material intensive.
• Reducing manufacturing complexity and electronic waste: cables, installation space, etc
• Offering the possibility to share central, powerful, up-to-date computing resources in data centres
• Reducing the energy consumption of server farms.
• Increasing efficiency (eco-efficiency) by requiring fewer premises
• An NGN architecture can greatly reduces the number of centres required
• An NGN architecture can eliminate the need for a close geographic link between the switching and data centre and users
Potential contribution of NGN(3/3)o Making use of Multiple Power Modes in
NGNs related technology • Full Power Mode• Low Power Mode• Stand by• Hibernation
o Elements in NGNs architecture where power consumption could be measured include
• Transmission systems• Switching centres• Data centres
Key Features of Horizontal Network configuration
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Example from BT: NGN impact overall network operation
Resulting by• More Broad bandwidth• Extend Reachability• Support Convergence• Service vs. Transport• Integrated Management• Others
NGN
30 ~ 40%Reduction of Sites
Energy considerations aspects of Network
Planning aspects: for example “Over-provisioning” vs. “Planned-provisioning” and others
Operation aspects: for example “Always on” vs. “Stand by” and “Best effort” vs. “Managed” and others
Service aspects: Single media vs. Multimedia, Single service vs. Binding between services or Convergence between different service environments
System aspects: Data storages, OAM&P systems, Router, Switch, Transmission systems, Duct operation, Emergency Power Feeding and others
Office operation aspects: Number of Offices and people within offices, Office operation related systems (e.g. lights, ventilation, cooling, Heating and others)
Others
impact
Requirements (Operation, Planning and Functions)
Capabilities for services and OAM&P (including QoS, Security and Mobility etc.)
Functions and features allocation into functions
Protocols (for example to support “Stand by” mode)
System design and specification including power feeding conditions
others
Example of candidate trials: ECO Networking Technology
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
ECO Routing Aggregate traffic into energy-
saving path Implement sleep mode for
routers where possible
ECO Switching Forward packets on timeslot
basis with time scheduling Buffer-less forwarding
without packet loss No routing table necessary
* ECO: Energy Cost saving Overlay
ICTs had mainly involved in limited industries such as Telecom,computing etc.
But ICTs are now becoming essential parts of life
Furthermore ICTs is being important parts of social, national andinternational infrastructures
Expansion roles of ICTs
ICTs are rather environment friend than other industrial technologiesbut also have contribution to environment change
ICTs are being widely used whole processes of protecting environment
Several ICTs technologies are used at the field of environment
Roles of ICTs in Protecting Environments
NGN is a common infrastructure for enabling ICTs and other industriesusing ICTs
NGN provides benefits to mitigate GHG by itself including supportvarious capabilities for protection of environments
Position of NGN in Protecting Environments
Conclusion