IAFS 1000

Gandhi andNonviolent Resistance

in South Asia

Announcement

• China Town Hall: location TBD

Brendon’sRome-Britain Analogy

• Edward Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776)

• Imperial decline

• Lessons for US?

Outline

• Early South Asian nationalism

• Gandhi as nationalist leader

• Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre

Early Indian Nationalism

• 1885: Indian National Congress (INC) established

• 1906: Formation of Muslim League

• post-WWI: Khilafat movement (protection of Ottoman sultan/caliph)

Emergence of Gandhi(1869-1948)

• London-trained lawyer

• 1893-1915: South Africa

• Satyagraha [soul-force or truth-force]: non-violent resistance

• 1915: return to India

http://www.mkgandhi-sarvodaya.org/gphotgallery/1915-1932/images/a98.jpg

Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre (Amritsar, Punjab)

• April 13, 1919: killing of unarmed demonstrators

• Indian protests

• 1920: Gandhi leader of INC

• 1924: Khilafat collapse

• 1930s non-cooperation campaign

– Proved Gandhi’s leadership

– Alienated some Muslims

Gandhi’s Use of ClothingThe London dandy (1890);

in South Africa (1900, 1913);

in loincloth (1942)1

[1] www.progress.org/Gandhi; www.askasia.org/frclasrm/lessplan/l000079.htm