I CANI CAN

• Distinguish temperaments, traits, typesDistinguish temperaments, traits, types

• KNOW the BIG 5KNOW the BIG 5

• Distinguish Cattell, Eysenick, MischellDistinguish Cattell, Eysenick, Mischell

• Evaluate the Myers-Briggs based on Evaluate the Myers-Briggs based on YOUR resultsYOUR results

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Temperaments: Global dispositions of personality. Doesn’t

determine personality, but contributes to it

Traits: More specific characteristics of personality,

such as ‘cautious’

Types: Clusters of traits

Temperaments, traits, and types overlap

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BloodBlood PhlegmPhlegm

Yellow BileYellow BileBlack BileBlack Bile

What Patterns are Found in Personality?

• Humors Four bodily fluids that, according to ancient theory, control personality by their relative abundance

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Patterns in Personality

The “Big Five ” Traits

OCEANOCEAN1. Openness to experience2. Conscientiousness3. Extraversion4. Agreeableness5. Neuroticism

Each dimension is bipolar..from high to lowEach dimension is bipolar..from high to low

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

The Big Five

Openness to experience Inquiring intellect, curious….close minded

Conscientiousness Dependable, cautious….irresponsible,

impulsive

Extraversion Self-confident, assertive…introverted

Agreeableness Conforming, friendly, warm…..cold, negative

Neuroticism Anxious, emotionally unstable.. emotionally

stable

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Overview of the Big “5”Overview of the Big “5”

Major Trait TheoristsMajor Trait Theorists

• Raymond Cattell- acknowledges 16 personality traits

• Hans Eysenck- says personality is genetic and there are 2 major traits: neuroticism and extroversion

• Walter Mischell- Proposed the “person-situation controversy”• The situation is more important in determining

behavior than knowing a persons traits Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Personality Tests• Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory

(MAPI)

• Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A)

• NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R)

• Personality Assessment Inventory (PAl)

• Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

• Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

• Popular personality test using Jungian personality types

• Shows personal preferences. As these change, your MBTI can change as well

• Has not proven to be terribly reliable, but is helpful in college, career centers, businesses, relationship counseling

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

Critics of the Trait Theory Trait theorists see the

personality as fixed and static Particularly loathed by

Humanists, who want you to overcome and be your best

CAN I? Distinguish temperaments, traits, types KNOW the BIG 5 Distinguish Cattell, Eysenick, Mischell Evaluate the Myers-Briggs based on YOUR

results

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007