Transcript of Hydraulic fracturing in the marcellus shale
- 1. Shale Formations
- 2. The Marcellus Shale
- 3. What is Fracking?
- 4. Fracking
- 5. History 1947 First experiment in Southwestern Kansas 1949
Halliburton begins first commercial hydraulic fracturing. 1970s
Eastern Gas Shales Project. Public-Private demonstration
project
- 6. Slickwater Fracturing 1997 Mitchell Energy added chemicals
to the water. Made hydraulic fracturing more economical
- 7. Benefits Lower natural gas prices Domestic energy Expected
to be 70% of the natural gas drilling in North America.
- 8. Controversies
- 9. Groundwater Contamination
- 10. Fluids Used in the US Methanol Isopropyl alcohol
2-Butoxyethanol Ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
- 11. Sludge Disposal Sludge from fracking fluid in Pennsylvania
and Virginia picks up radium from underground. Problem for
landfills and wastewater treatment plants Cannot be land
applied!
- 12. Air Pollution - Methane
- 13. Seismicity Fracking causes microearthquakes (-1.6 M)
Injection waste water causes tremors (3.3 M) New Years Eve 2011
Youngstown, OH experienced a 4.0 M quake. Texas had several minor
quakes throughout 2012.