Human Perception, Cognition and Action (1) · Tactile Perception • The ability to detect and...

"Design of user interfaces" human aspects

TU/e 1

Human Perception, Cognition and Action (1)

Matthias RauterbergGOOGLE: rauterberg

Tactile Perception• The ability to detect and interpret sensory information

cutaneously (of or on the skin).– When do we see the first signs of this?

• Development:– one point discrimination by 5 yrs– two point discrimination by 7 1/2 yrs– research shows that tactile perception may develop

before the ability to identify objects visually.• Can you think of any sports that would [not] require tactile

perception?

TU/e 2

Three Types of Sensations

• Pressure– light– deep

• Temperature– cold– warm (not hot)

• Pain– sharp– dull

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Sensory Homunculus

TU/e 4

The human ear

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The human eye

http://www.exploratorium.edu/exhibits/f_exhibits.html

The visual field

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The visual sense

TU/e 10

The color coding schemaBackground

foreground black blue brown cyan green magenta red white

black – – + + ++

blue – – – ++

cyan ++ – – – –

green ++ + + – –

red + – – – – – – – – +

white + ++ – –

yellow ++ ++ + +

deep green + – –

deep cyan + + + – + + –

deep magenta + ++ – –

deep white ++ + + – –

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The “Visual Cliff”

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Reversible Figure and Ground

• reversible goblet is a favorite demonstration of a figure-ground reversal

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Hidden Figures

• The triangle on the left side is “hidden” or masked on the right side

Hidden Figures

• The number 4 on the left side is “hidden”or masked on the right side

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Perceptual Styles

• Two rectangles, one behind the other is perceived

Perceptual Styles

• Without any frame an oval is perceived just based on the special shapes of the surrounding elements

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Perception of Depth

• height in plane

• gradient texture

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Perception of Distance

• superposition

• relative size

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http://kahuna.psych.uiuc.edu/ipl/index.html http://psych.hanover.edu/Krantz/sen_tut.html

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Perceptual Integration

• Simultaneous use of more than one perceptual system.

• What senses are required to hit a softball?

• Intermodal perception - the ability to translate information from one sensory modality to another.

Perceptual Integration

• Visual-Kinesthetic– Examples?

• Visual-Auditory– Examples?

• Auditory-Kinesthetic– Examples?

TU/e 23

Changes with Aging

Differences between the visual and the auditory sense

• The two most important constrains in interface design:

– the control of user's attention

– the physical size of the observation field

[Reference: Rauterberg, M. (1998). About the importance of auditory alarms during the operation of a plant simulator. Interacting with Computers, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 31-44.

TU/e 24

The three major Feedback Modalities

PROS CONSvisual parallel in space

large information transfer

active eye contact neccessary

auditory enforces attention allocation

enables the perception ofbackground activities

important for visuallyimpaired people

noise through environment

linear in time

exists only for a short time span

haptic force perception

object recognition

textur and surfaceperception

linear in time

contact with objects

neccessary

Human Perception, Cognition and Action (1) · Tactile Perception • The ability to detect and...

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