Human Anatomy & Physiology

Final Jeopardy

Mrs. GeistBodine High School for International Affairs

2009-2010

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Intro. to A&P Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous & Endocrine Systems

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5 5 5 5

Digestive System

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Column 1, #1

Distinguish between the terms “anatomy” and “physiology.”

Anatomy: the study of the structures of the human bodyPhysiology: the study of the functions of the human body

Column 1, #2

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.

Place the following terms in order from simplest to most complex: Tissue, Molecule, Organ System, Organism, Organ, cell.

Column 1, #3

Provide the anatomical equivalents of the following directions:Up, down, away from the midline, toward the midline, front, back, away from the body, toward the body.

Superior, inferior, lateral, medial, anterior, posterior, distal, proximal.

Column 1, #4

Locate acids, bases, and neutral on the pH scale.

Acids <7Bases >7Neutral = 7

Column 1, #5

Speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. The active site is where the substrate binds to the enzyme.

What is the function of an enzyme? What is an enzyme’s active site?

Column 2, #1

Cervical (neck): C1 – C7Thoracic (upper back): T1 – T12Lumbar (lower back): L1 – L5Sacral (hip region): 5 fused vertebraeCoccygeal (tailbone region): 3 - 5 fused vertebrae

Locate and identify the number of the following vertebrae: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal.

Column 2, #2

Femur (thigh bone), phalanges (fingers and toes), carpals (wrist), metacarpals (hand), tarsals (ankle), metatarsals (foot)

Locate and describe the following bones: Femur, Phalanges, Carpals, Metacarpals, Tarsals, Metatarsals

Column 2, #3

Diaphysis (long shaft) and epiphysis (end)

Describe the following regions of a long bone: diaphysis and epiphysis.

Column 2, #4

Osteoblasts- secrete new bone.Osteoclasts- removes bone tissue.Osteocytes- mature bone cells.

Describe the role of the following skeletal cells: Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, and Osteocytes.

Column 2, #5

Describe the process of endochondronal ossification.

A cartilage model is first laid down and then replaced by new bone.

Column 3, #1

What is the function of the umami gustatory receptors?

Detection of amino acids and monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Column 3, #2

Describe the role of the following components of the ear: Outer ear, Middle ear, and Inner ear.

outer ear- auricle (or pinna) and external auditory canal.Tympanic membrane- divides outer ear and inner ear. “Eardrum”Middle ear- malleus, incus, and stapesInner ear- cochlea, semicircular canals

Column 3, #3

Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the nervous system.

Parasympathetic- “rest-and-digest” decrease HR, decrease COSympathetic- “fight-or-flight” increase HR, increase CO

Column 3, #4

Positive feedback- original stimulus is amplified. Negative feedback- original stimulus is decreased.

Distinguish between positive and negative feedback.

Column 3, #5

Insulin causes liver, muscle, and fat tissue cells to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle.Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and increase blood glucose levels.

Distinguish between the roles of insulin and glucagon.

Column 4, #1

What “food tube” carries food between the pharynx and the stomach?

Esophagus

Column 4, #2

The Stomach

Which organ contracts to churn fluids and food, gradually producing a mixture known as chyme?

Column 4, #3

Small Intestine

In which organ does most of the chemical digestion and absorption occur?

Column 4, #4

The liver produces bile, which dissolves and disperses droplets of fat in fatty foods. Bile is stored in the gallbladder.

Which organ is responsible for producing bile? Which organ

stores bile?

Column 4, #5

Name the organ responsible for the following functions:

a. Produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels

b. Produces enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

c. Produces sodium bicarbonate, a base that neutralizes stomach acid.

Pancreas

Column 5, #1

What enzyme found in saliva breaks chemical bonds between the sugar monomers in starches?

Amylase.

Column 5,

#2

What “food tube” carries food between the pharynx and the stomach?

Esophagus.

Column 5, #3

Stomach.

Which organ contracts to churn fluids and food, gradually producing a mixture known as chyme?

Column 5, #4

Small Intestine.

In which organ does most of the chemical digestion and absorption occur?

Column 5, #5

Which organ is responsible for producing bile? Which organ

stores bile?

The liver produces bile, which dissolves and disperses droplets of fat in fatty foods. Bile is stored in the gallbladder.

Bonus Question 1

Bonus Question 2