How to Give a Khutba

hMohamed-Umer Esmail

Overview Khutbah

Evidence from Quran, Hadith, and Ijma

Arkan (Integrals) Sunnah Etiquettes

QuranO believers, when the call is proclaimed

for the Salât on the day of Friday,hasten to the remembrance of Allâh

and leave off business, that is better for You if You did but know.

Hadith The Messenger of Allah (salla Allahu

alaihi wa sallam) never offered Jumuah except with a khutbah (Bayhaqi).

Many Ahadith mention khutbah for Jumuah.

Omar and Aisha (rady Allahu anhuma):“The prayer of Jumuah has been

shortened for the sake of the Khutbah.” (Abd Razzaq, Ibn Abi Shaybah)

Ijma Overwhelming majority of Scholars state

that it is fard or wajib, and a condition for the Jumuah prayer.

Scholars state that it is wajib because Allah forbade business for its sake, and only something wajib would prohibit business.

Before the Khutbah Purification from major uncleanliness

Condition Sunnah

Purification from minor uncleanliness Condition Sunnah

Covering of the awrah (nakedness) Condition Sunnah

Time After Zawal according to most Permissible before Zawal in one opinion

according to Imam Ahmad Before the prayer

Minimum Number of Attendees

4 including Imam (Hanafi)12 (Maliki)40 (Shafi & Ahmad)

Arabic vs Non Arabic Must be in Arabic

Shafi, Hanbali, Maliki Hanafi acceptable but makruh

Reconciliation: The arkan must be in Arabic and the rest

in local language Alternate Solution: Talk in local

language before khutbah or after prayer, and two short khutbas in Arabic.

The Khutbah Minbar; 3 steps and a fourth for sitting

(sunnah) Sitting before the khutbah and adhan

(sunnah) Facing the audience & audience face khatib

“When the Messenger of Allah (salla Allahu alaihi wa sallam) would stand on the minbar, the people would face him with their faces.” (Ibn Majah)

Salam before the adhan Sunnah; Hadith (Ibn Majah) Not Sunnah: Not Sunnah

The Khutbah Adhan

Another was added in the time of Uthman Standing (wajib; Maliki) Standing on the 3rd step (sunnah) Must give 2 khutbas (wajib)

Sunnah: Hanafi, Maliki Reciting Ta`awwud inaudibly before 1st

khutbah (adab)

The Khutbah Begin with Hamd i.e. praise of Allah

Fard = All Salat & Salam (durood) on the Prophet

Fard = Shafi Sunnah = rest

Admonition of Taqwa

The above 3 are fard for both khutbas according to Imam Shafi and Ahmad.

The Khutbah Recitation of an ayah

Fard = Shafi in either khutbah Sunnah = rest

The Khutbah To end the 1st khutbah with an ayah.

(adab) Sitting in between both for the

duration of three tasbihs. (sunnah) Shortening both khutbas (sunnah)“Shortening the khutbah and

lengthening the prayer is a sign of a person’s fiqh (understanding of religion), so lengthen the prayer and shorten the khutbah.”

The 2nd Khutbah Hamd

Fard = Shafi & Ahmad Sunnah = rest

Salat & Salam (durood) Fard = Shafi & Ahmad Sunnah = rest

Dua for the Muslims in the 2nd khutbah Fard = Shafi Sunnah = rest

The 2nd Khutbah To make dua for the Sahaba (adab) To end the 2nd khutbah with forgiveness

(adab).

ل"ك م ر الله" ل&ي و" ت"غ,ف& أس,

To speak loud enough that the audience can hear the khutbah.

Prohibition for audience to speak To lean on a stick with the left hand Tahiyyah al-Masjid during khutbah:

Shafi, Hanbali: Sunnah Hanafi, Maliki: Makruh

Miscellaneous