Post on 14-Apr-2018
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Landscape Design
Competencies 17.00-21.00
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Landscaping Careers
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What is Landscaping?
Landscaping is a profession that includes
designing, installing, and maintaining the
outdoor human environment.
There are 3 branches of the landscaping
industry
Landscape Architecture
Landscape Contractors
Landscape Maintenance
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Landscape Architects
Licensed professions
Conceptualize and plan the outdoor
environment or landscape for residential
and commercial clients.
Landscape designers usually do actual
drawings for residential landscapes.
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Landscape Maintenance
Extended care of
existing landscapes
The care and upkeep
of the landscape after installation
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Design-build Firms
Landscape businesses that handle
everything from the initial contact with the
client through design and construction as
well as long-term care and maintenance.
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Landscape Nursery Worker
Professional who sells and installs landscape
plants and related materials.
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Types of Landscape Plans
There are three types of plans used in
landscaping
Sequential
Computer Assisted
Graphics
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Landscape Plans
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Sequential Plans
Each part of the plan is increasingly more
specific and detailed.
Includes
Functional diagrams
Preliminary designs
Final Plans
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Sequential Plans-Functional
Diagrams
Begin the arrangement of the client’s
program on the site.
Called “bubble diagrams” because they
use loosely drawn freeform shapes to
represent areas or spaces
Help the designer make decisions
concerning layout and sizes and the use of
each area.
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Sequential Plans-Preliminary
Designs
Break the “bubbles” to show first draft vision of
how each landscape area will be shaped.
Landscape is given its form, type of materials to
be used, and application of landscape designprinciples.
Simple without real details, but the horizontal
and vertical relationships between objects and
areas are now included.
A number of these may be shown before final
plans are made.
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Computer Assisted
Also called drawing
board
CAD (Computer
Aided Design)systems are
accelerated drafting
systems, designed to
draw landscape plansusing a personal
computer.
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Landscape Principles and
Procedures
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Principles of Design
Balance
Focalization of Interest
Simplicity Rhythm and Line
Proportion
Unity
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Symmetric Balance
One side is a
reflective mirror
image of the opposite
side Most formal type of
balance
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Simplicity
Seeks to make viewers comfortable within
the landscape
Excludes any unnecessary changes in
shape, color, direction, etc.
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Unity
All the separate parts contribute to thecreation of the total design
Ties together individual parts of each area
by: Repeating prominent colors
Repeating construction materials
Continuing interior design themes to outdoor rooms
Repeat plant species
Raise patios, decks, and porches to door level
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Landscape Processes
Process is a sequence of steps to reach a
goal
There are three parts to the landscape
process
Project development
Project maintenance
Design
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Project Maintenance Process
Determining need or desire
Selecting landscape maintenance
company which assesses the needs and
presents a proposal
If the proposal is accepted, the company
schedules and does the work
Customer is billed
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Design Process
Site analysis and program analysis
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Interior Landscaping
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Purposes of Interior Landscaping
Add color
Add textures
Add softness
Add life
Increase employee
productivity
Decrease employeeabsenteeism
Add oxygen
Provide herbs for
cooking, medicine, or
fragrance
Add beauty andcomfort by combining
all of the previously
mentioned purposes
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Methods of Planting Ornamental
Plants
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Planting Ornamental Plants
Tools vary depending
upon type and size of
plants from bulb
planter, trowel, spade,shovel to power
augers and front end
loaders.
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Balled and Burlapped Plants
Balled and burlapped plants have a roundsoil ball of roots wrapped in burlap fabric.
Planted in flat-bottomed, straight-sided
hole that is deeper and wider than the ball. Backfill soil should fill the hole enough to
raise the plant to the level at which it grewin the nursery.
Loose burlap around top of plant.
Mounded ring of soil around plant to catchwater.
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Balled and Burlapped Plants
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Containerized Plants
Use the same type hold, mounded ring,
etc. as balled and burlapped.
In addition, the plant must be removed
from the container
Roots should be unwound or cut at two
inch intervals if pot-bound
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Bare-rooted Plants
Have to have a
mound or dome in the
bottom of the hole to
spread roots anddirect roots to grow
downward.
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Planting Ornamental Plants
Tall plants, even small trees, need to be
staked to prevent blowing over.
Mulching should be done to help retain
water, prevent weeds, improveappearance, and minimize temperature
fluctuations.
Water adequately and frequently enoughfor healthy plants.