Post on 12-May-2015
Welcome
woensdag 27 januari 2010
HaskellChris Eidhof
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Three things
• Strong types
• Purity
• Larger example
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Strong Types
• As programmers, we do a lot of testing:
• * Unit Testing
• * Debugging
• * Specification
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Strong Types
• Can we automate testing?
woensdag 27 januari 2010
List
• data [a] = [] | a : [a]
Type
Type-parameter
Constructor
Constructor
woensdag 27 januari 2010
List Example
Example: List.hs
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Functions
• reverse :: [a] -> [a]
• reverse [] = []
• reverse (x:xs) = reverse xs ++ [x]
Example: Reverse.hs
Give me a list of a And I’ll return alist of a
Pattern Matching
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Purity
• State = Evil
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Purity
• Same Input
• =
• Same output
Referential
Transparency
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Purity
• No side effects:
• * Variables
• * I/O
• * launchMissiles()
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Example
• sort :: [Int] -> [Int]
How do we know sort doesn’t launch missiles?
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Doing I/O
• putStr :: String -> IO ()
The IO type shows us it’s not pure
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Laziness
• if (x < 10 && x > 5)
• Example: Lazy.hs
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Quickcheck
• Automatic testing of pure code.
Example: Reverse.hs
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Software Transactional
Memory
• Composable transactions
• No deadlocks!
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Fusion
• myFunction = map square . map toInt
• = map (square . toInt)
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Parallel code
• map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
• parMap :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
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Effects
Dangerous SafeUseless
UsefulMost
languages
Haskell
Nirvana
Simon Peyton-Jones, Caging The Effects Monsterwoensdag 27 januari 2010
Arc Challenge
• Write a program that causes the url said (e.g. http://localhost:port/said) to produce a page with an input field and a submit button. When the submit button is pressed, that should produce a second page with a single link saying "click here." When that is clicked it should lead to a third page that says "you said: ..." where ... is whatever the user typed in the original input field. The third page must only show what the user actually typed. I.e. the value entered in the input field must not be passed in the url, or it would be possible to change the behavior of the final page by editing the url.
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Arc Challenge
• Solution in Arc:
• (defop said req
(aform [onlink "click here" (pr "you said: " (arg _ "foo"))] (input "foo") (submit)))
•
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Arc Challenge
arc = do name <- input link "click here" display $ "you said:" ++ name
See gist: http://gist.github.com/260052
woensdag 27 januari 2010
Arc Challenge (2)
arc2 = do name <- input (x,y) <- input link "click here" display (add x y) display ("you said:" ++ name)
input uses type-inference!
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Read more
• Real World Haskell - http://book.realworldhaskell.org/
• Haskell.org - http://haskell.org
• Haskell Café - http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Mailing_lists
• Planet Haskell - http://planet.haskell.org/
• Haskell reddit - http://haskell.reddit.com
•
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Getting Started
• 1. Install the Haskell Platform
• http://hackage.haskell.org/platform/
• 2. Haskell in 10 minutes
• http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Learn_Haskell_in_10_minutes
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Keep in touch
• http://github.com/chriseidhof
• @chriseidhof
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One more thing...
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Have fun
woensdag 27 januari 2010