Siberia and Pre-Contact Americas

*History of Cartography II

*Karelian Petroglyphs

*Karelian Petroglyph

*Inuit Driftwood Maps

*Mojave Rock Map

*Red Sky’s Birch bark Migration

Scroll

*Stela at Izapa (ca 300 BCE-1 CE)

*Mapa de Metlatoyuka, 16th c

*TENOCHTITLAN IN THE CODEX MENDOZA (ca 1541)

*Mixtec Map of the Apoala Valley in

the Codex Nuttall

*Map elements

*Incan Quipu

*Incan Q

uipu as M

ap

*Q

uipu as Map

*A drawing or other representation of the earth's surface or a part of it made on a flat surface, showing the distribution of physical or geographical features (and often also including socio-economic, political, agricultural, meteorological, etc., information), with each point in the representation corresponding to an actual geographical position according to a fixed scale or projection; a similar representation of the positions of stars in the sky, the surface of a planet, or the like. Also: a plan of the form or layout of something, as a route, a building, etc. (OED)

*graphic representations that facilitate a spatial understanding of things, concepts, conditions, processes or events in the human world' From Harley and Woodward, The History of Cartography (1987)