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History & Demographic Structure ofPhila. Mapping Angles

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Sections: Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical

Context Choropleth maps

Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby Time trend

Philly itself: Spatial History Map choices

Law Behaving 1920s Delinquency Data

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United States Census

U.S. Constitution Requires census of population Every ten years Used for redistricting House of Representatives 1790-2000

Methods changed over years Can use Census Figures for Historical Trends

http://www.census.gov/main/www/aboutus.html

Census HQ in Maryland

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Pennsylvania Counties

Pennsylvania CountiesPittsburgh is within Allegheny County

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History of Pennsylvania Population by CountyUsing Maps

Legend How many groups? What are ranges within each group?

Map type: choropleth map “shows numerical data … for a group of regions by (1) grouping the data into classes, and (2) shading each class on the map.”

Prentice Hall. “Making maps with GIS.” http://wps.prenhall.com/

esm_clarke_gsgis_4/0,7300,473320-,00.html

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1790Population

ByCounty

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1850Population

ByCounty

Note legend change

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1900Population

ByCounty

Note legend change again

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1950Population

ByCounty

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2000 Population By County

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Philadelphia: more detail over time

Line charts X Axis (horizontal): organizing variable (time) Y axis (vertical): variable being measured (population)

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Stea

dy g

rowth

, 184

0-19

30

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Peak population

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Sources of growth?

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Sources of growth?

Immigration Foreign Domestic

Growth of Jobs Manufacturing Commerce (ship, railroad)

Incorporation Surrounding towns incorporated (1854)

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Compared to Pittsburgh (Allegheny Co.)?

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When didPittsburgh’s

Steady Growth Begin?

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1880

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Did Pittsburgh every reach 2 million?

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From 1880 to 1930, where Philly and Pittsburgh adding about the same number of people every year?

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Since theTwo lines

ArePARALLEL

Over time,We will say yes

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What was happening in Philadelphia’s two adjoining counties to the west? Delaware Montgomery?

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As late as 1930,The population in eachWas only about _____

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Sections: Philadelphia Population: Statewide Historical Context

Choropleth maps Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and nearby

Time trend Philly itself: History Map and demographic data within Philly

Choices Modifiable areal unit problem

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Philadelphia

1681

Small

port city on

Delaware River

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The Old Commercial Center?

Hard to pinpoint Approximate: Customs house would be nearby

Foreign vessels

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Carpenters Hall, Custom’s House 1801-1817Between. 3rd, 4th below Chestnut St.

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x

LowerDockAreaX =

CarpenterHall

Circle=Society

Hill,OldeCity

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Over time, the harbor spread

Both to the north and south

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As it spread, warehousesAnd canneriesAnd cheap housing forImmigrants working in harborOr related industries grew up

Over time became substandard,Increasingly crowded.

Often, only housing affordable forBottom rung workers

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Over time, housingExpands outward,Back from harbor;Along major routes,Horse drawn trolley,Then trolley

Newer housing more $

As housing ages, it Gets cheaper

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Same time,Downtown expanding

Businesses takingOver Poor

Residential districts

DowntownExpands to

Meet IncreasingPopulation to be Served

In the city andbeyond

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because ….Different types of people live in different placesEbenezer Maxwell Mansion,

Chestnut Hill

Vacant Houses, West Philadelphia

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Social Space maps onto physical space

1930 Status Differences across Election wards

Variable: Median Rent from 1930 Census 4 groups 11 wards each DARK = HI RENT

LIGHT = LOW RENT

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PBS NewsHour 10/2/202

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/entertainment/july-dec02/hwl_10-2.html#

Mayor Street’s Neighborhood Transformation Initiative