Transcript of Historical development of science and technology
- 1. Historical Development of Science and Technology Century of
the Genius Industrial Revolution 18th and 19th Century Modern
EraPrepared by:Maria Nia C. Leonoras
- 2. Emerged most fully during theEighteenth-century
orEnlightenment Period.Age of Enlightenment is also knownas Age of
Reason.Science during the 18th century fallsinto two categories:
Baroque Period Classical Period
- 3. Started in the 17th century andlasted to the early 18th
century;lasted into the early 19th century.
- 4. Birthplace: Pisa, ItalyBest Known As: The inventor of the
astronomical telescopeDiscovered a number of natural lawsInvented
the microscopeConstucted a telescopeFather of Modern
AstronomyFather of Modern PhysicsFather of Science
- 5. Birthplace: Weil der Stadt, Wurttemberg (now Germany)Best
Known As: The astronomer who explained planetary motionEngaged in
the study of astronomy and developed the lawsof planetary motion.1.
The orbit of a planet about a star is an ellipse with the star at
one focus.2. A line joining a planet and its star sweeps out equal
intervals of time.3. The squares of the orbital periods of planet
are directly proportional to the cubes of the semi-major axis of
the orbits.
- 6. Birthplace: La Haye, FranceBest Known As: The philosopher
who said "I think, therefore I amOften called the father of modern
science.He took as his philosophical starting point the statement
Cogito ergo sum -- "I think, therefore I am.made major
contributions to modern mathematics, especially in developing the
Cartesian coordinate system and advancing the theory of
equations.
- 7. Birthplace: Clermont-Ferrand, FranceBest Known As: 17th
century mathematical geniusA prodigy in math, Blaise Pascal was a
contemporary and rivalof Ren Descartes.He published a significant
work on the geometry of conicalsections when he was only sixteen;
he invented a calculatingmachine by the time he was nineteen; he
and Pierre de Fermatfounded the modern theory of probability; he
described theprinciple that is the basis for the hydraulic press
(called PascalsLaw); and he proved that there was a vacuum above
theatmosphere.
- 8. Birthplace: Beaumont-de-Lomagne, FranceBest Known As:
Pascals correspondence in the formation of themodern theory of
probability.He is particularly famous for his last theorem, which
hediscovered in about 1637, and of which he claimed he had
amarvellous demonstration.He became a judge, but he had a passion
for mathematics andobtained many mathematical theorems, which he
communicatedto fellow mathematicians, always remaining very
secretive abouthis proofs.
- 9. Birthplace: Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, EnglandBest Known As:
The genius who explained gravity Newton helped define the laws of
gravity and planetary motion,co-founded the field of calculus, and
explained laws of light andcolor, among many other
discoveries.
- 10. Birthplace: Lismore Castle, County Waterford, IrelandBest
Known As: 17th century chemist who came up with Boyleslaw (law of
pressure)Robert Boyle was a 17th century intellectual whose
emphasis onexperimentation and quantification helped lay the
foundation formodern chemistry.He is known for Boyles law, which
states that the pressure andvolume of gas at a constant temperature
have an inverselyproportional relationship
- 11. Birthplace: Folkstone, LondonBest Known As: Studied the
circulation of blood and function ofthe heart Harvey understood
that the heart pumped blood from the atriainto the ventricles and
then into the rest of the circulatory system,he had no knowledge of
the influence of oxygen in the blood norknowledge of the existence
of capillaries.
- 12. Birthplace: Capodistria, VeniceBest Known As: Invented body
thermometerItalian physician, a pupil of Galileo at PaduaMeasured
his own weight, weight of food consumed and urine andfaeces
produced, and attributed the difference to insensibleperspiration,
which we would now call metabolism leading tocarbon dioxide
production.
- 13. Process of change from an agrarian, handicraft economy to
one dominated by industry and machine manufacture. Process began in
England in the 18th century and from there spread to the rest of
the world.
- 14. Technological Changes:1. Use of new basic materials,
chiefly iron and steel2. Use of new energy source3. Invention of
new mqachines4. New organization of work known as the factory
system5. Important developments in transportation and
communication6. Increasing application of science to industry
- 15. By definition, it lasted from 1801-1900 according to the
Gregorian Calendar. Lead to the second Industrial Revolution
through the invention of useable electricity, steel and petroleum
products. Age of machine tools (tools that made tools) Assembly
line speed up factory production Gave birth to professional
scientist
- 16. Science through the 20th century Inventions have progressed
at an accelerated rate Began the infancy of airplanes, automobiles,
spaceships, computers, cell phones and wireless internet.
- 17. Science of microengineering. (deals with particle
manipulation if those particles are smaller than 100 nanometers.
Essential core is atomic and molecular manipulation.
- 18. Screenagers Digital Students Can absorb great deal of
information at super-charged speed Masters of varifying types of
technology Innovators, creative designers, critical thinkers,
collaborators, complex problem- solvers Students who learn while
having fun.