Participation Assignment#4

• The opening scene makes a reference to a Civil Rights leader. Who was it? When does the Chicano Movement begin?

• What do you think is the main lesson being taught by Mr. Castro about Mexican-Americans in the Civil War? What are some of the student demands?

• Explain the Chicano Movement. What were its successes and failures?

Topics

• Chicano Movement

• Quiz

• Vietnam War

Chicano Movement 1965-1974

1. Farm Workers

2. Land

3. Urban

4. Students

5. Chicanas (Women)

Farm Workers Struggle

• Cesar Chavez

• Dolores Huerta

– “Si Se Puede”

• United Farm Workers 1962

• Bracero Program 1942-1962

• 1965 Delano Strike

• 1975 Agricultural Labor Relations Act (ALRA)

Tierra Amarilla Land Grant 1832

Land Grants

• Alianza Federal de

Mercedes1962

• Reies López Tijerina

• Tierra Amarilla Court House

Raid 1967

Urban Barrios

• Rodolfo “Corky” Gonzales

– Crusade for Justice

• 1967 Yo Soy Joaquín

• 1968 El Plan de Barrio

• 1969 El Plan Espiritual de

Aztlan (See document)

I Am Joaquin by Rodolfo Corky Gonzales http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6aMugitAjQ&feature=related

Yo soy Joaquín, perdido en un mundo de confusión: I am Joaquín, lost in a world of confusion, caught up in the whirl of a gringo society, confused by the rules, scorned by attitudes, suppressed by manipulation, and destroyed by modern society. My fathers have lost the economic battle and won the struggle of cultural survival. And now! I must choose between the paradox of victory of the spirit, despite physical hunger, or to exist in the grasp of American social neurosis, sterilization of the soul and a full stomach. Yes, I have come a long way to nowhere, unwillingly dragged by that monstrous, technical, industrial giant called Progress and Anglo success.... I look at myself. I watch my brothers. I shed tears of sorrow. I sow seeds of hate. I withdraw to the safety within the circle of life -- MY OWN PEOPLE I am Cuauhtémoc, proud and noble,

The Aztec Migration from Aztlan to

Tenochtitlan (Mexico City)

The Boturini Codex was painted by an unknown Aztec author some time between 1530 and 1541. Lorenzo Boturini Benaducci (1702-1753) a historian.

Youth Organizations

• United Mexican American Students (UMAS) 1967

• Mexican American Youth Organization (MAYO) 1967

• Brown Berets 1967

• MECHA 1969

• Plan de Santa Barbara 1969 • http://www.utpa.edu/orgs/mecha/st_barbara.html

Women’s Role in Chicano Movement

Chicanas

• 1969 Chicano Youth Liberation Conference

• 1971 Conferencia de Mujeres Por La Raza in Houston, Tx

• Elizabeth “Betita” Martinez

• Enriqueta Vasquez – El Grito del Norte

1963 Chamizal Treaty • The Chamizal dispute

600 acres.

• 5,595 Mexican-Americans were displaced.

Ruben Salazar 1928-1970

• LA Times reporter, Chicano life in Los Angeles column, KMEX

• A Chicano is a Mexican-American with a non-Anglo image of himself. Ruben Salazar

Vietnam War 1954-1975

• U.S. aids France’s efforts to regain Vietnam as colony: economic & military aid.

• Domino Theory

• Fall of Saigon 1975

Vietnam War

• Chicanos

• 1960 12% of population in Southwest

• 20% of region’s deaths

• 1964 Lieutenant Everett Alvarez (1st shot in North Vietnam)

• 80,000 Chicanos fought in Vietnam

Chicano Moratorium, 1970

• Protest over the high percentage of Mexican-American Casualties

• Anti-War Demonstration on August 29, 1970 in East LA over 30,000 people

• Coalition of Mexican American groups

• 3 fatalities, Ruben Salazar killed by tear gas canister

• 200 arrests

Chicano! History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement

1996 Quest for Homeland-

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RHQ4XS-DrqM

14 mins

Corky 19 mins

Chicanas struggle 33 mins

Chicano Moratorium 40 mins

Latin Music USA

• Masking Mexican-American Identities

– http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/latinmusicusa/#/en/wat/03/02

• A New Musical Identity: Little Joe y La Familia

– http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/latinmusicusa/#/en/wat/03/03

Legacy of the Chicano Movement 1965-1974

• Chicano Movement made the community more aware of its constitutional rights

– Bilingual education/Biculturalism

• Increased college enrollment of Mexican-Americans and the creation of Chicano/a Studies

• Cultural Renaissance in art, literature, and music

• Cultural Affirmation based on an indigenous identity

“El Rescate” John Zender Estrada

This tribute to Che Guevara was painted in 1978

Judith Baca, "Division of the Barrios and Chavez Ravine," 1983

Chicano Park 1970

LA Harbor College 1970s

East Los Angeles Walkouts 1968

• Student organizations such as MAYO and Brown Berets were involved in the walkouts

• More than 10,000 students participated in the walkouts in Garfield, Roosevelt, Lincoln, Wilson, Belmont

• Sal Castro, an influential Chicano teacher

Participation Assignment#4

• The opening scene makes a reference to a Civil Rights leader. Who was it? When does the Chicano Movement begin?

• What do you think is the main lesson being taught by Mr. Castro about Mexican-Americans in the Civil War?

• Explain the Chicano Movement. What were its successes and failures?