HEREDITY AND REPRODUCTION

QUESTION!!

• How would life be different if humans could reproduce with out a mate?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

ASEXUAL OR SEXUAL?

REPRODUCTION

• The transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next.• Every organism comes from a long line of

ancestors who reproduced successfully every generation.

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Only 1 parent. • Offspring is an exact copy of the parent.• Single celled organisms and bacteria.• Sometimes plants.

EXAMPLES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Binary Fission• Budding• Spores• Vegetative Reproduction• Fragmentation (starfish) • Parthenogenesis (whiptail lizard)

ADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Much faster, fast population increase. • Genetic continuity (offspring are identical to

parents). • Limits the spread of negative traits (only

organisms with those bad traits will pass them down).

DISADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• If the environment changes, there are no variations, so the whole population may become extinct. • If a bad trait occurs, all offspring will get that

trait.

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Two parents. • Half the genes come from the mother while the other half

come from the father.• Offspring genetically different.

• Special cells called gametes join together in a process known as fertilization.• The sperm and egg cells combine to form one

cell. • The new cell (zygote) is the first cell of the new

organism and continues to multiply itself until the organism is fully grown.

ADVANTAGES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Variations in species-new combinations of traits increase organisms chances for survival. • If an environment changes, the entire population

will not become extinct (those with good traits will survive)• Adaptations

DISADVANTAGES OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Takes time. • Bad traits can be easily passed along.