Where Health Technology IsMoving Our Medical System

Problem with our existingMedical Treatment System:

Imprecise Medicine

43%of the population does not respond to commonly prescribed drugs for diabetes.

75% do not respond to therapeutics for cancer.

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The top ten highest-grossing drugs in the United States help between

1 in 25 and 1 in 4 of the people who take them. TWEET THIS

With limited access to sequencing and informatics technologies we still largely treat cancer patients

with standard chemotherapy and radiation, which Katie Couric, global anchor for Yahoo! News,

described as

“the scorched body approach.”

Discovering that an intervention works well in certain groups happens relatively rarely and often by chance.

Researchers typically get disappointing results with a drug in large, population-based trials, and yet these still go to market.

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It takes at least 10 years to get a new drug into the market.

Typically, it takes $2.5 billion to develop a new drug.

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Solution:

For more information on Personalized Medicine, click here.

Precision Medicine or Personalized Medicine

A medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare – with medical decisions, practices, and/or products being tailored to the individual patient.

With precision, or targeted, cancer therapies, oncologists determine the genetic profile of a tumor and match that profile to a specific drug or, increasingly, a novel drug combination.

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For more information on Personalized Cancer Treatment, click here.

It compiles about 12,000 di�erent diagnostic exams, and

23,000 human gene mappings into one individual test.

The individualized drug determined by one test can take less than 10 years to hit the shelve.

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Cancer Treatments and Personalized Health Technology

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Existing Technology:

More on Personalized Cancer Treatment, click here.

Targeted genetic testing now shows which therapies can be used in conjunction with chemotherapy for cancer, and patients taking it no longer have the hair loss, nausea, and vomiting side e�ects of radiation and chemo.

Right now, a genome sequence for patients with cancer or with an unknown illness is a standard practice in many hospitals. It is becoming an essential part of cancer treatment.

Right now smartphone apps exist to help remotely monitor vital signs.

EPFL Labs are currently working on devices which allow constant vital analysis through a biosensor chip placed under your skin. These sensors can measure pH, temperature, metabolism molecules like cholesterol, glucose, and lactate levels, as well as which drugs are present in your system.

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Regenerative medicine pioneer Tony Atala has already printed the first 3-D kidneys and San Diego based start-up Organovo is working on the 3-D printing of a liver.

Many believe that in 10-15 years, 3-D printing will enable tissue and organ construction from cells harvested from the patient.

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? Issues moving forward

Cataloguing all genome sequencing data can be a huge task requiring computational power and

sophisticated analysis.

Medicare and other insurers do not cover many tests that are integral to personalized medicine because these tests are specific to diseases or conditions that a�ect small subsets of the population, making it di�cult for test developers to amass su�cient data to comply with research requirements.

Because many insurers don’t cover, the tests may be costly, between $5,000 and $7,500.

3-D Bioprinting of organs has sparked a major ethical debate, and questions like

"Will only the rich be able to a�ord it?” and “Are we playing God?” are already coming up.

Steps to Resolve the Problem

Obama’s Precision Medicine Initiative

In January 2015, President Obama announced a $215 million investment in the Precision Medicine Initiative.

This $215 million will be distributed to four

government entities: National Institutes of Health

(NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Federal

Drug Administration (FDA), and The O�ce of the

National Coordinator for Health Information

Technology (ONC).

The White House also hired its first chief data scientist, DJ Patil who has made precision medicine one of its top priorities.

For more information on Personalized Medicine, click here.

Funding

There will be many roadblocks to personalized medicine, but the industry is already growing rapidly with a current market worth of $42 billion.

Access

Personal genome sequencing is now costing less than $1,000, and is constantly improving.

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Michael Snyder, Director of the Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine at Stanford University in California, predicted that in the future will get their genomes mapped before birth as a kind of personal genetic inventory, listing their risk factors for cancer and other diseases.

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Sources:

http://www.pharmpro.com/news/2015/06/personalized-medicine-market-surpass-60-billion-2019

http://www.ecnmag.com/news/2015/05/biosensor-chips-placed-under-skin-more-precise-medicine

http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2011/01/28-personalized-medicine-west

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/aacc-urges-development-of-and-coverage-for-innovative-personalized-medicine-lab-tests-to-improve-patient-care-300100856.html

https://knpr.org/knpr/2015-06/personalized-medicine-future-health-care