Post on 15-Jan-2016
Hazard Communication and Laboratory Safety
Jay Abbt,
Daron White
Environmental Health & Safety Department
Adapted from TAMUs Lab Safety Program
Contents
Section OneSafety on Campus
Section TwoHazard Communication
Section ThreeGeneral Safety
Section FourChemical Safety
Section FiveEmergency Response
SAFETY
Safety Contacts
Ethics Point (reporting unsafe conditions)
1.888.501.3850Emergency (FD, PD, EMS)
(936) 261-49114-911
UPD (non-emergency)(936) 261-1375
EHS (8-5)(936) 261-1745/1746
ehs@pvamu.eduMaintenance (Trouble Call)
(936) 261-9700
Section One
Environmental Health & Safety Programs
Biological Safety Chemical Safety CPR, First Aid, AEDConstruction Plan Review Defensive DriverFire & Life Safety Fume Hood TestingSpill Response
Hazard CommunicationHazardous WasteIndustrial HygieneLaboratory SafetyLaser Safety Protocol Review Radiological SafetySafety InspectionsSafety Training
Section One
Reporting Accidents
Actual Accidents and Injuries: Report Immediately!
Near Accidents: Inform Supervisor & EHSHazardous Conditions: Inform Supervisor
FIRST REPORT OF INJURYCompleted by Supervisor
http://www.tdi.state.tx.us/forms/dwc/dwc001rpt.pdf
Section One
Purpose of Hazard Communication
To ensure that employers and employees know about work hazards and how to protect themselves so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous chemicals is reduced.
Section Two
Texas Hazard Communication
Applies to all employees working for this state who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under normal operating conditions or foreseeable
emergencies
Section Two
Texas Hazard Communication
An official Texas Department of State
Health Services “Notice to
Employees” must be posted at the
location(s) within each workplace where notices are normally
posted
Section Two
General HazCom Requirements for Prairie View A&M University
Laboratory Safety Manual is available at: http://www.pvamu.edu/pages/547.asp
Workplace Chemical Lists
Material Safety Data Sheets
Labeling
Training
Workplace Program
Section Two
Laboratory Requirements
TrainingSupervision Material Safety Data SheetsPrimary and Secondary Container Labeling PPEWork Area Chemical Inventory (Lab, stockroom, and/or bldg list)
Section Two
TrainingRequirements
When assignment begins
Whenever a New or Increased Hazard is Introduced
Whenever New and Significant Hazard Information is Received for a Chemical in the Work Area
Section Two
General Safety Training
Information on MSDS and how to obtain themInformation on labelsGeneric information on hazardous chemicalsFirst AidPersonal Protective Equipment (PPE)Chemical spill clean-upChemical Waste Disposal
Section Two
Work Area Specific Training
Information on hazardous chemicalsLocation of MSDSsPPEFirst AidSpill clean-upChemical Waste Disposal
Lab Manager/PILab Manager/PI
Section Two
Material Safety Data Sheets Requirements
Readily Accessible
Work Area File
Manufacturer/Distributor
EHS: 936.261.1745 / 1746 http://www.pvamu.edu/pages/547.asp
Current
Section Two
Material Safety Data Sheets Information
IdentificationManufacturer Name and AddressPhysical and Chemical CharacteristicsPhysical HazardsHealth HazardsRoutes of EntryExposure LimitsCarcinogenicitySafe HandlingEmergency and First-Aid
Section Two
Primary Container Labeling
Identity
Hazards
Manufacturer
Section Two
Secondary Container Labeling
Identity (as it appears on the MSDS)
Hazards (words, pictures and/or symbols)
(In research laboratory, chemicals must be readily identifiable)
Section Two
Flash Point
4-Below 73oF
3-Below 100oF
2-Above 100oF Not Exceeding 200oF
1-Above 200oF
0-Will Not Burn
4-Deadly
3-Extreme Danger
2-Hazardous
1-Slightly Hazardous
0-Normal
Labeling:N.F.P.A. 704
4-May Detonate
3-Shock and Heat May Detonate
2-Violent Chemical Change
1-Unstable if Heated
0-Stable
OX-Oxidizer
ACID-Acid
ALK-Alkali
W-Use no Water
Section Two
Labeling D.O.T.
Section Two
Labeling
N.F.P.A.
D.O.T.
Section Two
Safety Considerations
HazardThe source of danger (chemical, electrical, hot surface, etc.)
RiskThe likelihood of occurrence (Taking into account the length of exposure to the hazard)
ConsequenceOutcome & Impact (due to exposure to the hazard)
Section Three
Physical Hazards
ElectricalCuts & Puncture Wounds
Mechanical
Noise
Temperature
Projectiles
Housekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
Electrical
Cuts & Puncture WoundsMechanicalNoiseTemperatureProjectilesHousekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
ElectricalCuts & Puncture Wounds
MechanicalNoiseTemperatureProjectilesHousekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
ElectricalCuts & Puncture WoundsMechanical
NoiseTemperatureProjectilesHousekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
ElectricalCuts & Puncture WoundsMechanicalNoise
TemperatureProjectilesHousekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
ElectricalCuts & Puncture WoundsMechanicalNoiseTemperature
ProjectilesHousekeeping
Section Three
Physical Hazards
Electrical
Cuts & Puncture Wounds
Mechanical
Noise
Temperature
Projectiles
Housekeeping
Section Three
Section Three
Section Three
Section Three
Compressed Gases
Gases -- Toxic, Corrosive, Flammable, Explosive
Hazards WeightSudden release of pressure
Regulator (appropriate type)
Properly SecuredReport any LeaksHave IdentificationKnow Procedures Remove Empty Cylinders
Section Three
Liquid Cryogens
Cryogens, such as liquid nitrogen, oxygen, and helium are extremely cold liquids that can produce a painful burn.Cryogens can expand rapidly and must never be contained in a closed system.Eyes and bare skin can be injured immediately if they come into contact with cryogens.
Section Three
Liquid Nitrogen Burn to the Hand
Section Three
What Should I Look For on Cryogenic Cylinders?
Cylinders should be tested every five years. Contact EHS for details.Look for swelling (ribbing) of the external tank. If evidence exists, contact EHS immediately!
Section Three
What Should I Look For on Cryogenic Cylinders?
Report any excessive venting or leakage to the vendor and EHS.
Always check that a pressure relief valve and rupture disc are present on the cylinder prior to filling or usage
Section Three
Pressure Relief Valve and Rupture Disc
Section Three
Section Three
Chemical Storage
Store by hazard classDate when received and when openedSeparate incompatiblesKeep from heat/sunlightLabel properly (secondary container)Minimize quantitiesDo not store flammables in household refrigerator or freezerProtect against spillsDispose of outdated, questionable or unneeded
Section Three
What’s wrong with these pictures?
Section Three
What’s wrong with this picture?
Section Three
What’s wrong with this picture?
Section Three
What’s wrong with this picture?
Section Three
Hazard Reduction
Engineering ControlsSubstitutionElimination of the hazardAdministrative (rules, signs, training)Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Section Three
Chemical Fume Hood
Keep sash closed
Raise large equipment
Keep equipment at least 6” from face
Keep clean
Not for storage
No perchloric acid
Do not modify
Do not block airflow
Avoid rapid movement
Section Three
Section Three
What’s wrong with this picture?
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes
Safety Glasses, Chemical Splash Goggles, Full Face Shield (with protective eyewear)
Hands
Appropriate Type of Gloves
Body
Lab Coat, Apron, Tie Long Hair Back, Closed Toe Shoes, and Other Appropriate Clothing
Respiratory
Dust Mask, Full and Half Face Respirators, SCBA
Section Three
Hazardous Waste
Use appropriate containerNo “Incompatible Waste”Allow for expansionKeep closedLabel “Hazardous Waste”Identify contents
Section Three
Hazardous Waste
Deface container label
Complete Hazardous Waste Tag
Contact EHS for vendor information so you can purchase tags to have available for use.
Section Three
Hazardous Materials Shipping
Section Three
Corrosives
Destroy tissue at the point of contact
Acids
Bases
Dehydrating Agents
Strong Oxidizing Agents
Section Four
Working with Corrosives
Protect Eyes and Skin
Work in Hood
Large QuantitiesWear protective clothing
A-W Dilution
Section Four
Contact with Corrosives
Remove contaminated clothing
Rinse in safety shower or eyewash for at least 15 minutes
Seek Medical Attention
Section Four
Reactives
Undergo violent reaction under certain conditions
Explosive
Readily Polymerize
Water Reactive
Air Reactive
Strong Oxidizers
Section Four
Working with Reactives
Preplan to reduce exposure
Isolate from cause of reaction
StorageSeparate from other chemicals
Keep in Cool/dry area
Out of sunlight
Section Four
When Reactive React
Emergency EquipmentFire Extinguisher
Respiratory Equipment
ContactFlush for 15 minutes
(except with water reactives)
Section Four
Flammable Liquids
Any liquid that has a flash point below 100oF
Differs from Combustible Liquid (Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 100oF)
Section Four
Flammable Solids
A solid that is liable to cause fires through friction, absorption of moisture, etc. or which can be readily ignited (I.E. sodium metal)
Section Four
Flammables: Key Terms
Flash point: The temperature at which vapors burn when ignited
Fire Point: The temperature at which liquid burns when ignited
Autoignition temperature: The lowest temperature at which a substance will ignite spontaneously (without ignition source)
Section Four
Defining Flammable Limits
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) – The mixture of substance and air is too rich to burn (not enough oxygen)
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) – The mixture of substance and air lacks sufficient fuel (substance) to burn
Section Four
Working with Flammables
Remove Ignition Source (heat or spark)
Keep away from oxidizers and combustible materials
Work in a fume hood or a well ventilated area
Section Four
Storage of Flammables
Well ventilated areaFlammable storage cabinetLab-safe refrigeratorIsolated from incompatible chemicals
Section Four
When there is a Fire
Fire Extinguishers
Building Alarms
Building Procedures
Section Four
Toxins
Cause illness or injury by upsetting biological functions or damaging biological structures
Acute exposureChronic exposure
Dose-response relationship
“sola dosis facit venenum” -Paracelsus
Section Four
Factors affecting Toxicity
Dosage
Duration of exposure
Exposure to other chemicals
Mixtures
Routes of entry
Physical health
Inherited parameters
Sensitivity to the chemical
Section Four
Types of Toxins
Carcinogenscause growth of abnormal tissue
Reproductive Toxinsinterfere with reproduction of adult
Teratogensinterfere with embryo/fetus development
Section Four
Types of Toxins
Mutagensalters DNA
Neurotoxinsdamage nervous system
Section Four
Working with Toxins
Safe levels of exposure are established by three entities: NIOSH, OSHA, and ACGIH
Section Four
Working with Toxins
Explanation of acronyms
REL – Recommended Exposure Limit (NIOSH)
PEL – Permissible Exposure Limit (OSHA)
TLV – Threshold Limit Value (ACGIH)
Section Four
Working with Toxins
Explanation of acronyms
STEL – Short Term Exposure Limit
IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
C - Ceiling value (a concentration that must not be exceeded during any part of the work day)
TWA - Time-Weighted Average
Section Four
Example from NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Hydrogen fluoride (HF)CAS: 7664-39-3
Exposure LimitsNIOSH REL: TWA 3 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) C 6 ppm (5 mg/m3) [15-minute] OSHA PEL: TWA 3 ppm IDLH: 30 ppmConversion 1 ppm = 0.82 mg/m3
Working with Toxins
Read MSDS for exposure limits and proper handling information
Use Fume Hood
Proper Protective Gear
No food or drinks in lab
Section Four
Working with Toxins
When in doubt, contact EHS
Information
Monitoring
Recommendations
Section Four
Contact Phone Numbers
Emergency4-911
(936) 261-4911
EHS(936) 261-1745 / 1746
Section Five
First Aid
Remove contaminated clothing
Flush with water(at least 15 minutes)
Chemical specific first aid
Medical attention call (936) 261-4911
Section Five
Safety Equipment to look for:
Section Five
Chemical Spill Clean-up
Rule of thumb: you can clean the spill up yourself if it can be done without hurting yourself or others and it’s not an emergency or likely to become an emergency.
If not, call 4-911.
If you do clean it up you are still required to call EHS.
Section Five
Chemical Spill Clean-up
Develop plan of actionKnow when to call for HELP!
How to contain spill
Who is responsible for the clean up
How to Decontaminate the area
Section Five
Chemical Spill Clean-up
Identify chemical
Protect yourself
Notify others
Attend to injured or exposed
Clean up or Call for help
Section Five
Conclusion
Know the safety contact numbers
Report any accidents immediately
Have the appropriate training when a new hazard is introduced
Use a current MSDS to know the characteristics of each chemical
Label all containers with their contents
Conclusion
Know the hazards and risks in your lab and the consequences of an incidentKeep in mind the safety of compressed gas and cryogenic cylindersPractice good chemical storage and handling techniquesWear the Proper Protective Equipment at all times
Conclusion
Use the fume hood when appropriate and operate properlyLabel and dispose of hazardous waste appropriatelyKnow the specific hazards of the chemicals you will be working withKnow the proper first aid procedures for the chemicals you will be working withKnow where your safety equipment is located
A SAFE ATTITUDEIS CONTAGIOUS !
- PASS IT ON -