Post on 08-Sep-2014
description
HARMONYHARMONY & &
PROPORTIONPROPORTION
ANCIENT ANCIENT GREEKGREEK
AESTHETICSAESTHETICS
"Man is the Measure of all Things." Protagoras
Click for Vitruvian Man interview
Influenced by the Greeks, the Ancient Roman Influenced by the Greeks, the Ancient Roman architect VITRUVIUSarchitect VITRUVIUS
wrote that in the human body:wrote that in the human body:
Influenced by the Greeks, the Ancient Roman Influenced by the Greeks, the Ancient Roman architect VITRUVIUSarchitect VITRUVIUS
wrote that in the human body:wrote that in the human body:
a palm is the width of four fingers a foot is the width of four palms a cubit is the width of six palms
a man's height is four cubits (and thus 24 palms) a pace is four cubits
the length of a man's outspread arms is equal to his height the distance from the hairline to the bottom of the chin is one-tenth of a man's height
the distance from the top of the head to the bottom of the chin is one-eighth of a man's height the distance from the hairline to the top of the breast is one-seventh of a man's height
the distance from the top of the head to the nipples is one-fourth of a man's height the maximum width of the shoulders is one-fourth of a man's height
the distance from the elbow to the tip of the hand is one-fifth of a man's height the distance from the elbow to the armpit is one-eight of a man's height
the length of the hand is one-tenth of a man's height the distance from the bottom of the chin to the nose is one-third of the length of the face
the distance from the hairline to the eyebrows is one-third of the length of the face the length of the ear is one-third of the length of the face
6:16:1
ProportionProportion
One Foot
Six
Feet
Six Feet
Twelve
Feet
Two Feet
Doric OrderDoric Order
8:18:1
ProportionProportion
Corinthian Corinthian OrderOrder
Corinthian Style:
Temple Temple to the to the
goddessgoddess
NikeNike
Temple to the Corporate god, NikeTemple to the Corporate god, Nike
Post-Modern Consumer StylePost-Modern Consumer Style
Earliest SurvivingEarliest Surviving
Doric StructureDoric Structure
Temple of Apollo at CorinthTemple of Apollo at Corinth
The Oracle at DelphiThe Oracle at Delphi
Northeast of CorinthNortheast of Corinth
What did Bodhi Tree say upon What did Bodhi Tree say upon attaining enlightenment and attaining enlightenment and realizing he was merely a green, realizing he was merely a green, fruit-bearing sphere atop a fruit-bearing sphere atop a brown, bark-covered cylinder?brown, bark-covered cylinder?
Ge-om-e-try
What did Bodhi Tree say upon What did Bodhi Tree say upon attaining enlightenment and attaining enlightenment and realizing he was merely a green, realizing he was merely a green, fruit-bearing sphere atop a fruit-bearing sphere atop a brown, bark-covered cylinder?brown, bark-covered cylinder?
Ge-om-e-tryGe-om-e-try
GEE, GEE, I’m a tree!I’m a tree!
The Greeks perfected The Greeks perfected the use of Geometrythe use of Geometry
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
The Greeks wished to maintainThe Greeks wished to maintain
idealideal proportionsproportions when building when building any room or like structure from the any room or like structure from the
ground up.ground up.
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
Q:Q: Given a flat rectangle, Given a flat rectangle,
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
what is its most aesthetically what is its most aesthetically pleasing height?pleasing height?
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
What Does that What Does that
““MEAN” ?MEAN” ?
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
The arithmetic mean occurs when the
length of the sides of a square whose
PERIMETER is the same as the rectangle.
( L + W ) / 2
( 12 + 6 ) / 2 = 9
9 exceeds 6 by 3, which is the same amount by which 12 exceeds 9.
LOGIC
LOGIC
The geometric mean is the nth root of the product of the variables (sides). Here n = 2.
The arithmetic mean occurs when the
length of the sides of a square* whose
AREA is the same as the rectangle.
9 X 4 = 36
The square root of 36 is 6
* 6 x 6
The harmonic mean is the number of variables (sides) divided by the sum of each side’s reciprocal. Here n=2 and the sides are 12 and 6.
1/12 + 1/6 = 3/12, or ¼. 2 divided by ¼ equals 8
LOGIC
LOGIC
PhysicalPhysicalHarmonyHarmony
Leon Battista Alberti,Leon Battista Alberti,
Florentine Architect (1407-1472)Florentine Architect (1407-1472)
"We shall therefore borrow all our Rules for the Finishing our
Proportions, from the MUSICIANS,
who are the greatest Masters
of this Sort of Numbers, and
from those Things wherein Nature shows herself
most excellent and complete."
Music, Numbers Music, Numbers and the and the UniverseUniverse ? ?
"Seek truth and beauty together; "Seek truth and beauty together; you will never find them apart."you will never find them apart."
Pythagoras of Samos Pythagoras of Samos
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
Big Idea: M
athematics is
the
Big Idea: M
athematics is
the
language of nature.
language of nature.
LOGIC
LOGIC
Music’s Music’s RhythmRhythm
is based onis based on
Mathematical FractionsMathematical Fractions
SUBDIVISIONSSUBDIVISIONS
SUBDIVISIONS OF THE WHOLESUBDIVISIONS OF THE WHOLE
FRACTIONS of FRACTIONSFRACTIONS of FRACTIONS
J.S. Bach’s Little Fugue in G minor
Bach1685-1750
Baroque Period
SUPERIMPOSED, RECURSIVE RHYTHMS
Bach1685-1750
Baroque Period
RECURSIVE RECURSIVE RhythmRhythm
SUPERIMPOSED MIRRORED MOTIFS IN ART
Bach1685-1750
Baroque Period
M.C. Escher(1898 - 1972)
Modern Period
Recursion in ArtRecursion in Art
Recursion in Recursion in ArtArt
THEMETHEME &&
VARIATIONVARIATIONIN MUSICIN MUSIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
AESTHETICS
AESTHETICS
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig Van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig Van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig Van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Fifth Symphony
Ludwig van Beethoven
1770-1827
Classical Period
Mathematics is ALSO the language of
Mathematics is ALSO the language of
HARMONY &
HARMONY &
PITCHPITCH
Diatonic ScaleDiatonic Scale
(Ionian Mode)(Ionian Mode)
Diatonic ScaleDiatonic Scale
(Ionian Mode)(Ionian Mode)
Q: What is the scientific symbol for
Wavelength?
Hint:
It’s the 11th letter of the
Greek alphabet …
Daaah.
lamb-dalamb-da
Concert A=440 means that the
universally agreed upon standard for the tone of “A” is 440 Hertz, or 440
cycles (vibrations) per second.
Each tone can be subdivided into
100ths to ensure an almost perfect
match.
Q:
Why is it so easy to
understand how a Chromatic
tuner works?
Hint
BECAUSE IT MAKES CENTS !
Q:
Why might a chromatic tuner
also be useful in diagnosing
pain?
BECAUSE IT KNOWS ALL
YOUR HERTZ !
SemitoneSemitone
(Half-step or (Half-step or MinorMinor Second) Second)
Wholetone Wholetone
(Whole-step or (Whole-step or MajorMajor Second) Second)
DiapasoDiapasonn
(Octave(Octave
))
DiapasoDiapasonn
(Octave(Octave
))
Diatonic Diatonic ScaleScaleTonic 1:1 9:8 81:64 4:3 3:2 27:16 243:128 2:1
Intra-Ratio
9:8 9:8 256:243 9:8 9:8 9:8 256:243
Step W W H W W W H
Tone C to D
D to E
E to F F to G
G to A
A to B B to C
1:2 RATIO1:2 RATIO
OctaveOctave
2:3 RATIO2:3 RATIO
Perfect FifthPerfect Fifth
2:3 RATIO2:3 RATIO
Perfect Fifth
3:4 RATIO3:4 RATIO
Perfect FourthPerfect Fourth
3:4 RATIO3:4 RATIO Perfect FourthPerfect Fourth
SACRED CONSONANCESACRED CONSONANCE
But what about all But what about all of those black of those black
notes in between?notes in between?
Filling in the Gaps
Filling in the Gaps
The harmonic mean is the number of variables (notes) divided by the sum of each side’s reciprocal. Here n=2 and the sides are 12 and 6.
TASK: Calculate the harmonic mean for the numbers 1 and 2…
Filling in the Gaps
The harmonic mean is the number of variables (notes) divided by the sum of each side’s reciprocal. Here n=2 and the sides are 12 and 6.
ANSWER: For 1 and 2…1/1 + 1/2 = 3/2 . 2 divided by 3/2 equals 4/3
Filling in the Gaps
HARMONY
Is
PERFECTION…
Pythagoras of SamosPythagoras of Samos
And since harmony is reducible to number, perfection is likewise reducible to number.
The universe is harmonious, so it follows that the universe as a whole can be explained in
terms of number.
Pythagoras of SamosPythagoras of Samos
LOGIC
LOGIC
I perfected the logical
syllogism as a method for discovering
TRUTH.
Aristotle says,Aristotle says,
AGAIN… AGAIN…
AAPPOOLLLLOO
God ofGod of TruthTruth andand MusicMusic
Goddess of Goddess of Harmony Harmony
and and ConcordConcord
www.aris-titanium.com/.../ hirez/harmonia.jpg
The Role of Greek MusicThe Role of Greek Music
Department of Department of Classics, Classics, University of University of CincinnatiCincinnati
Sacred Sacred FragmentsFragments
Q: Which ancient Greek philosopher
took Pythagoras’ theory of the universe
and “shaped” it further?
Q: Which ancient Greek philosopher
took Pythagoras’ theory of the universe
and “shaped” it further?
HINTHINT: He expanded the scale of the musical scale AND the scale
of the universe. PLAY
PLATO’S CONTRIBUTION
PYTHAGORAS’ CONTRIBUTION
Plato, through Timaeus, reasoned in reverse stating that the creator made the world soul out of various ingredients, and formed it into a long strip…
The strip was then marked out into intervals…
Plato
“First [the creator] took one portion from the strip (1st unit)
and next a portion double the first (2nd unit)
a third portion half again as much as the second (3rd unit)
the fourth portion double the second (4th unit)
the fifth three times the third (9th unit)
the sixth eight times the first (8th unit)
and the seventh 27 times the first (27th unit) ”
They give the seven integers; 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 27. These contain the monad, source of all numbers, the first even and first odd, and their squares and cubes.
Plato
LAMBDALAMBDA
Plato
METAPHYSICS
METAPHYSICS
The Universe is One The Universe is One BigBig……
BeautyBeauty Truth Truth
Truth Truth BeautyBeauty
LETTERLETTER ? ?
BeautyBeauty Truth Truth
Truth Truth BeautyBeauty
CHIASMUSCHIASMUS
Plato
Armillary Sphere
CelestialCircles
Plato
BeautyBeauty TruthTruth
TruthTruth BeautyBeauty
Tangible Beauty (in the circle of the different) is a
Representation of Intangible Truth (in the circle of the
Same).
If you know BEAUTY, you know
TRUTH.
If you know TRUTH, you can begin to understand life’s
profound mysteries.
And THAT’S Why I’m
So Darned Important
in the Grand
Scheme of Things!
Art Says…
MusicMusic
of theof the
SpheresSpheres
LAMBDALAMBDA
They give the They give the seven integers; seven integers;
1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 27. These 27. These
contain the contain the monad, source monad, source of all numbers, of all numbers,
the first even the first even and first odd, and first odd,
and their and their squares and squares and
cubes.cubes.
But my system wasn’t exactly
perfect…
Pythagoras of SamosPythagoras of Samos
But first, let’s C who
knows what the word ENHARMONIC means.
HINT: If you answer correctly, you
must really B#.
BB SShhaarrppss
And the award
goes to…
THE
WITH
AllusionTrivia
Following their final live performance atop a rooftop in 1969, which band’s musician
quipped,
“I'd like to say thank you very much on behalf of the group and myself and I hope we passed
the audition” ?
It wasTHE
BBEEAATTLLEESS
JOHN LENNON
ENHARMONIC TONES
Minute shift
Superimposed shift
OrderOrder inin Chaos ChaosOrOr
Chaos Chaos inin OrderOrder??
STYL
E AL
ERT!
STYL
E AL
ERT!
OrderOrder Chaos Chaos
Chaos Chaos OrderOrder
CHIASMUSCHIASMUS
OrderOrder Chaos Chaos
Chaos Chaos OrderOrder
Not to be confused Not to be confused with…with…
A more primal A more primal equation…equation…
Pie.Ilikeapeachblueberryorbananacreamandlemonmeringueraspberryrhubarbmincemeatpie
insky
apple a lamodecherry
orhumbleshoo
flypie
mulberrymudor
pumpkinchocolate
pecan
ohruin yourappetite
by Lorreen Pelletier
Poe, E. Near a Raven
Midnights so dreary, tired and weary. Silently pondering volumes extolling all by-now obsolete lore.
During my rather long nap - the weirdest tap! An ominous vibrating sound disturbing my chamber's antedoor.
"This", I whispered quietly, "I ignore". Perfectly, the intellect remembers: the ghostly fires, a glittering ember.
Inflamed by lightning's outbursts, windows cast penumbras upon this floor. Sorrowful, as one mistreated, unhappy thoughts I heeded:
That inimitable lesson in elegance - Lenore -
Is delighting, exciting...nevermore. Ominously, curtains parted (my serenity outsmarted), And fear overcame my being - the fear of "forevermore".
Fearful foreboding abided, selfish sentiment confided, As I said, "Methinks mysterious traveler knocks afore.
A man is visiting, of age threescore."
Simpler Pi Poems
Did I tell a witty wisecrack? (3.14159)
Yes, I love a green grassland. (3.14159)
Boy, I want a glass half-full of Sprite. (3.1415926)
Poetry of Poetry of Your OwnYour Own
Okay, Now Try Some Okay, Now Try Some Pi…Pi…
3. 141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944 592307816406286208998628034825342117067982148086513282306647 093844609550582231725359408128481117450284102701938521105559 644622948954930381964428810975665933446128475648233786783165 271201909145648566923460348610454326648213393607260249141273 724587006606315588174881520920962829254091715364367892590360 011330530548820466521384146951941511609433057270365759591953 092186117381932611793105118548074462379962749567351885752724 891227938183011949129833673362440656643086021394946395224737 190702179860943702770539217176293176752384674818467669405132 000568127145263560827785771342757789609173637178721468440901 224953430146549585371050792279689258923542019956112129021960 864034418159813629774771309960518707211349999998372978049951 059731732816096318595024459455346908302642522308253344685035 261931188171010003137838752886587533208381420617177669147303 598253490428755468731159562863882353787593751957781857780532 171226806613001927876611195909216420198938095257201065485863 278865936153381827968230301952035301852968995773622599413891 249721775283479131515574857242454150695950829533116861727855 889075098381754637464939319255060400927701671139009848824012 858361603563707660104710181942955596198946767837449448255379
Robert Fludd: Utriusque Robert Fludd: Utriusque Cosmi Maioris scilicet et Cosmi Maioris scilicet et Minoris MetaphysicaMinoris MetaphysicaPhysica Atque Technica Physica Atque Technica Historia, pub.1617.Historia, pub.1617.
LAMBDALAMBDA
AAPPOOLLLLOO
God ofGod of TruthTruth andand MusicMusic
A THOUSAND YEARS of A THOUSAND YEARS of
Greek AreteGreek Arete
A THOUSAND YEARS of A THOUSAND YEARS of
Greek AreteGreek Arete
A THOUSAND YEARS of A THOUSAND YEARS of
Greek AreteGreek Arete
David’s Death of Socrates: Neoclassical Period (1787)David’s Death of Socrates: Neoclassical Period (1787)
The only true wisdom consists The only true wisdom consists in knowing that you know in knowing that you know
nothing.nothing.
SOCRATESSOCRATES
SocratesSocrates
So-crates, dude
The only true wisdom consists The only true wisdom consists in knowing that you know in knowing that you know
nothing.nothing.
Bill & TedBill & Ted
SocratesSocrates
SocratesSocrates
PlatoPlato
SocratesSocrates
PlatoPlato
SocratesSocrates
AristotleAristotlePlatoPlato
SocratesSocrates
AristotleAristotlePlatoPlato
PlatoPlato
PlatoPlato
““Let No Man Let No Man
Destitute of Destitute of GeometryGeometry
Enter My Doors.”Enter My Doors.”
POINT
LINE
PLANE
SOLID
SQUARES
CUBES
1st even & odd
Celestial CirclesCelestial Circles
Armillary Sphere Turner, Gerard. Antique Scientific Instruments. Dorset: Blandford
PlatoPlato
All sense experience is faulty & transient.
PlatoPlato
Thus, the truth can be found by looking beyond
nature.EPISTEMOLOGY
EPISTEMOLOGY
PlatoPlato
HorseHorsevs.vs.Horseness:Horseness:
Theory of Theory of FormsForms
PlatoPlato
Diagram of Plato’sDiagram of Plato’sThe Allegory of the CaveThe Allegory of the Cave
AristotleAristotle
No matter No matter without form; without form;
no form no form without without matter.matter.
Aristotle’s Aristotle’s PoeticsPoetics
AristotleAristotle
The truth can be found by analyzing
nature (breaking
in to parts).
……so the hotdog guy makes the so the hotdog guy makes the hotdog with everything on it. The hotdog with everything on it. The monk exchanges a $20 for the monk exchanges a $20 for the hotdog and waits for his change. hotdog and waits for his change. When no change is forthcoming, When no change is forthcoming, the monk asks,the monk asks, "Hey, where's my change?" The hotdog guy replies, "Change must come from within."
"Hey, "Hey, where's my where's my change?"change?"
…and the hotdog guy replies…Hey, where's my change?" The hotdog guy replies, "Change must come from within."
““Sorry, but you should already Sorry, but you should already know… know…
Change comes from Change comes from within."within."
AristotleAristotle
BIG IDEABIG IDEA: “Moral virtue is a state of : “Moral virtue is a state of character lying in acharacter lying in a
mean between two extremesmean between two extremes..””
ETHICS
ETHICS
Aristotle’s Aristotle’s
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN ACTION Deficiency Goodness/Mean Excess
Fear cowardice courage rashness/foolhardy
Drinking/Eating insensible temperate self-indulgentTruth telling modesty/ truthful self-deprecation
Lending $$ stingy liberality prodigality Amusement boring ready wit buffoonery
““Moral virtue is a state of Moral virtue is a state of character lying in acharacter lying in a
mean between two extremesmean between two extremes..””
the the
GOLDEN MEAN GOLDEN MEAN &&
PHIPHI
the the
GOLDEN GOLDEN RECTANGLERECTANGLE
GOLDEN SECTIONGOLDEN SECTION
Standard sized credit cards are 54mm x 86mm, creating a ratio of 0.628, less than a millimeter from a perfect golden section of 0.618.
http://goldennumber.net/classic/fibonser.htm
the the
Fibonacci SeriesFibonacci Series
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, . .
http://goldennumber.net/classic/fibonser.htm
GOLDEN GOLDEN SECTION:SECTION:
PHIPHI Starting with 0 and 1, each new number in the series is simply the sum of the two before it.
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, . . .The ratio of each successive pair of numbers in the series approximates phi (1.618. . .) , as 5 divided by 3 is 1.666..., and 8 divided by 5 is 1.60.
The ratios of the successive numbers in the Fibonacci series quickly converge on Phi or Φ. After the 40th number in the series, the ratio is accurate to 15 decimal places.1.618033988749895 . . .
http://goldennumber.net/classic/fibonser.htm
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN Musical scales are based on Fibonacci numbers
The Fibonacci series appears in the foundation of aspects of art, beauty and life. Even music has a foundation in the series, as:
There are 13 notes in the span of any note through its octave.A scale is comprised of 8 notes, of which the
5th and 3rd notes create the basic foundation of all chords, and are based on whole tone which is2 steps from the root tone, that is the
1st note of the scale. Note too how the piano keyboard scale of C to C above of 13 keys has 8 white keys and 5 black keys, split into groups of 3
and 2.
http://goldennumber.net/classic/fibonser.htm
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN The Fibonacci series appears in the foundation of aspects of art, beauty and life. Even music has a
foundation in the series, as: There are 13 notes in the span of any note
through its octave.A scale is comprised of 8 notes, of which the
5th and 3rd notes create the basic foundation of all chords, and are based on whole tone which is
2 steps from the root tone, that is the1st note of the scale.
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN
AESTHETICS
AESTHETICS
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN
Later applications ofLater applications of
GOLDEN GOLDEN RECTANGLERECTANGLE
TheThe
the the
GOLDEN MEANGOLDEN MEAN
Later applications ofLater applications of
the the
GOLDEN GOLDEN RECTANGLERECTANGLE
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
““Moral virtue is a state of character lying in a Moral virtue is a state of character lying in a mean between two extremesmean between two extremes..””
Inherent in Perfection is Inherent in Perfection is the the UNATTAINABLEUNATTAINABLE
““Moral virtue is a state of character lying in a Moral virtue is a state of character lying in a mean between two extremesmean between two extremes..””
The Spiral of FifthsThe Spiral of Fifths
"My new Hypothesis: If we're "My new Hypothesis: If we're built from Spirals while living built from Spirals while living in a giant Spiral, then is it in a giant Spiral, then is it possible that everything we possible that everything we put our hands to is infused put our hands to is infused with the Spiral?"with the Spiral?"
-- Max Cohen in the motion picture PI -- Max Cohen in the motion picture PI
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
The Golden RectangleThe Golden Rectangle
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
Now here’s Now here’s real real a a ““PARADOXPARADOX”…”…
But first, a But first, a realreal “ “Pair Pair o’ Docks”…o’ Docks”…
What is the difference What is the difference between…between…
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
What is the difference What is the difference between…between…
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
the truth the truth andand
What is the difference What is the difference between…between…
““Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Beauty is Truth and Truth Beauty, That is All Ye Know on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” KeatsKnow on Earth and All Ye Need to Know.” Keats
the truth the truth
andand TTruthruth ? ?
The eternal The eternal paradoxparadox of literature: of literature:
Art Art always tells always tells the the TruthTruth
The eternal The eternal paradoxparadox of literature: of literature:
John Malkovich as himself in John Malkovich as himself in Being John MalkovichBeing John Malkovich19991999
Art Art always tells always tells the the TruthTruth
even when even when it’s lying.it’s lying.
The eternal The eternal paradoxparadox of literature: of literature:
What’s What’s TTruerue
need not need not be true.be true.
The eternal The eternal paradoxparadox of literature: of literature:
Although a story Although a story is fictional…is fictional…
Its THEME is Its THEME is always True.always True.
THEMETHEME
equalsequals
TruthTruth
EPISTEMOLOGY
EPISTEMOLOGY
When reading
literature…
Art Says…
Truth doesn’t come easily.
Art Says…
Using your
powers of inference
…
Art Says…
…you have to “urn”
it.
Art Says…
What we What we obtain obtain
too too cheap, cheap,
we we esteem esteem
too too lightly.lightly.
ThomasPaine Says…
(1737-1809)(1737-1809)Writer and Revolutionary Writer and Revolutionary
Authors rarely come
right out and TELL you the story’s
THEME.
Art Says…By imagining, struggling, sympathizin
g, as we read, we make the life lesson
more personally
meaningful .
AND more memorable.
Art Says…