Post on 05-Jan-2016
Good Agricultural PracticesGood Agricultural Practices
Teaching Adult LearnersTeaching Adult Learners
Effective Education and Effective Education and Training ProgramsTraining Programs
• Improve communication
• Upgrade knowledge and skills
• Motivate employees
• Result in positive rewards
We always think of training and the training
process, but
we really need to focus on LEARNING or
OUTCOMES!
Enhance Learning by:Enhance Learning by:
• Sharing objectives.
• Demonstrating caring and concern for learners.
• Using a variety of instructional methods and materials.
• Exhibiting enthusiasm and developing a positive approach.
• Providing practice and follow-up.
What Affects Learning ?What Affects Learning ?
• Capability, age, and attitude of audience.
• Educational background, previous training & experience.
• Nature of the information being taught.
• Instructional methods & techniques used.
• Capability and attitude of the instructor.
Knowing how adults learn is a
vital component in developing
& implementing an adult
education & training program.
What do we know about What do we know about adult learning ?adult learning ?
• Consider themselves independent.
• Have a wide variety of experiences.
• Are concerned with immediate problems.
Characteristics of Adult Characteristics of Adult LearnersLearners
• Adults enter learning situations with
their own goals, motivations, needs
and experiences.
• Adults learn better by doing!
Adults Learn Better:Adults Learn Better:
• If they are involved.
• When materials are structured to
meet their needs.
• When the subject matter is
connected to their daily activities.
Adults Learn Better:Adults Learn Better:
• In informal, organized environments.
• When materials are presented through a variety of methods with practical examples.
• When subjects are explained & supported visually.
Adults Learn BetterAdults Learn Better
• When activities & tasks are structured and clearly related to specific subjects.
• Through problem-solving instructional methods.
• Real or model experiences.
Adults Learn Better:Adults Learn Better:
• When given opportunities to apply & practice what they have learned.
• In cooperative learning situations and in groups.
• When they are not tested or pressured.
Key PointsKey Points
Adults need to integrate new
ideas with “old” ones if they are
going to keep and use the new
information.
Key PointsKey Points
Short breaks between
instructional periods provide
more effective learning.
Time for reflection should be
provided.
Key PointsKey Points
Visual images are remembered
more effectively than words.
Most people are visual learners!
Retaining InformationRetaining Information
Method of Instruction Recall
3 hours 3 days
Telling 70% 10%
Showing 72% 20%
Telling & Showing 86% 65%
Needs of Individuals Needs of Individuals
People Need to Feel:
* accepted * understood
* important * part of process
* proud * part of a winning team
* responsible
Incorporating IllustrationsIncorporating Illustrations
• Illustrations stimulate interest.
• Illustrations help readers learn.
TipsTips
• Simple line drawings are often more effective than photographs.
• Black and white pictures reproduce better than color pictures.
• Sequence of pictures or line drawings can show motion.
• Simple captions clarify and reinforce messages.
MotivationMotivation
• Something from within that
prompts us to do something.
• It is stimulated by the
external environment.
RememberRemember
• Learning is an internal process.
• Instruction is an external activity.
• Carefully think through and plan all of your instructional activities to enhance learning.
15 Practical Tips for Planning 15 Practical Tips for Planning
& Conducting Outstanding & Conducting Outstanding
Training ProgramsTraining Programs
Adapted from: How to be a Better Trainer, Keye Productivity Center, 1991
1. Know your Subject1. Know your Subject
• Thoroughly prepare for your role as the instructor.
• What knowledge & skills do you want employees to possess after the program?
• Break the subject(s) into small, understandable segments.
2. Know your Audience2. Know your Audience
For a successful program,
you must know as much as
possible about the people in
your audience!
2. Know your Audience2. Know your Audience
Important Questions to Answer:
1. Who makes up the audience?
2. What is their occupation or specific job?
3. What is their level of education?
4. What is their experience?
2. Know your Audience2. Know your Audience
5. Why are they attending?
6. What do they know about the subject?
7. What is their interest in the subject?
8. What things do they have in common?
9. What is their relationship to you?
3. Know the Occasion3. Know the Occasion
• What is the purpose of the program?
• How long is the program?
• Where will it be held?
• What are the physical conditions of the location?
• Are there any customs or procedures that need to take place?
4. Logistics4. Logistics
• Plan carefully and thoroughly.
• Double check all details.
• Be prepared.
• Be flexible !
5. Welcome & Introductions5. Welcome & Introductions
• Hearty welcome & strong introduction.
• Day’s schedule.
• Housekeeping details.
• Set the “climate”…
* Why are we here?
6. Discuss Goals & Objectives6. Discuss Goals & Objectives
• Present program goals & objectives.
• Discuss benefits.
• Why should I care?
• What’s In It For Me (WIIFM).
• Invite learners to become involved.
7. Program Opening7. Program Opening
• Provide a clear overview of subject.
• Be creative in getting the audience’s attention.
• Begin with stimulating information.
8. Audience Involvement8. Audience Involvement
• Stimulate audience involvement!
• Solicit:
*Assistance
*Opinions
*Experiences
• Ask non-threatening questions
9. Enthusiasm & Sincerity9. Enthusiasm & Sincerity
Demonstrate strong positive involvement with the:
• subject
• program
• audience
10. “How To” Instruction10. “How To” Instruction
• Provide specific actions or
recommendations that people
can immediately implement.
• Make positive statements about the subject matter.
• Speak with expressiveness and variety in tone of voice.
9. Enthusiasm & Sincerity9. Enthusiasm & Sincerity
11. Pace & Flow11. Pace & Flow
• Change speech rate or emphasis.
• Use different instructional techniques.
• Keep information & activities relevant.
• Don’t skip around or digress.
12. Linkages & Relationships12. Linkages & Relationships
• Link points together and discuss how different subjects relate to each other.
• Present information in a logical sequence.
13. Audiovisuals13. Audiovisuals
• Use creative & excellent quality audiovisuals to highlight key points.
• Utilize a variety of instructional techniques.
14. The Close14. The Close
Most programs end abruptly, so:
• Summarize the “big picture”.
• Challenge learners.
• Provide an exhilarating close !
15. Program Evaluation15. Program Evaluation
• Assesses value of program.
• Provides important feedback.
• Strengthens future programs.
Effective Training and Learning Effective Training and Learning Foster Good Performance.Foster Good Performance.