GOOD AFTERNOON

JABATAN ALAM SEKITAR MALAYSIA

By:

Dr. Ir. SHAMSUDIN AB LATIFDeputy Director General (Development)Department of Environment, Malaysia

Q-SHE CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION(QUARRY SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT)

FOR QUARRYING BUSINESS ENHANCEMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN QUARRY INDUSTRY

14 November 2006 Holiday Villa Subang, Subang Jaya, Selangor

Department of Environment, Malaysia

COVERAGE

i. Environmental impactsii. Planning Stage iii. Environmental

Management and Mitigation Measures

iv. Maintenance, Monitoring and Record Keeping

v. ConclusionDepartment of Environment, Malaysia

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

OF QUARRIES

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Environmental Impacts of Quarries

i. Development stageii. Operational stageiii. Post-closure stage

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PLANNING STAGE

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PUBLIC RELATION

Good neighbor policy

- Need to win support of neighboring

community

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Department of Environment, Malaysia

Practical ways of promoting good neighborly relationships

Consultation with residents at the EIA stage

Make available copies of non technical summary

Dedicated staff member to handle complaints

Make available environmental monitoring data

SITING CONSIDERATIONS

Sufficient buffer distance of (preferably) at least 1000 meters from residential area

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Site selected to minimize:

Visual impact Dust Noise Pollution of water courses

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)

Identify potential impacts

Suggest mitigation measures

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Air pollution control

Water pollution control

Monitoring requirements

WRITTEN PERMISSION/APPROVAL

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PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR MITIGATING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

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Site preparation Blasting

Extraction

Topsoil and overburden management

Rehabilitation

Processing

Stockpiling

Traffic

Site Preparation

Activities:- timber clearing- grubbing- top soil and overburden

salvage

Main aspects of concern:- Soil erosion and sediment

controlDepartment of Environment, Malaysia

Blasting

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Blasting generates:- vibration- audible noise- fly rock- dust

Control:- digital blasting using

electronic detonators

Extraction

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Noise Visual concerns

Dust

Traffic

Pollution prevention

Erosion, sediment, storm water

Rehabilitation

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Topsoil and Overburden Management

Only clear area that will be actively used for extraction, processing and stockpiling

in the near future

Rehabilitation

Progressive rehabilitation is recommended:- minimize topsoil and overburden

handling

- minimize the need for large storm water management area

- prevent dust generation

Department of Environment, Malaysia

Department of Environment, Malaysia

Processing

Aggregate processing may include:

Crushers, screens, wash plants, generators, conveyors

Concerns:

Noise, dust, visual impact, sediment, water, wash-water fine

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Stockpiling

Generates large quantity of stormwater

Stormwater management; dust control

BMPs:

Chute; drop height; water sprays; buffers on down wind of stockpiles; stockpiles located away from sensitive areas

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Traffic

On-site traffic generates dust and noise

Mitigation measures:

- aspects of haul road and industrial

traffic

- Entrance and exit designs

- Weigh scale layout

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

AND MITIGATION MEASURES

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Concerns: Soil erosion and mud slides

Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Stabilization (Prevention)

Structural (Treatment)

Inspections

STORMWATER AND EROSION CONTROL

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Stabilization (Prevention)

Bufferzone Bioengineering Ditches Erosion control blanket Tarp Vegetation cover Benching Hidroseeding Limit clearing Tree protection

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Structural (Treatment)

Check dam Ditches Outlet protection Retention basin Settling pond Silt fence Swales

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Inspections

Post-storm events

Weekly

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Reference Document

Manual Saliran Mesra Alam (MASMA)

published by Drainage and Irrigation

Department (DID) Malaysia

Department of Environment, Malaysia

Drilling

Concerns: Noise and dust Requires: drilling plan Mitigation measures:

- Drilling machine:

dust extraction and collection

- Drill hammers and engines:

Noise suppression

- Drilling hours: Restricted

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Blasting

Concerns: Vibration, air blast Standard:

Air blast over pressure: 120dB (Lin Peak)

Ground vibration: Maximum 3 mm/s peak

particle velocity (ppv) Mitigation measures:

- Use hydraulic rock breakers - Do not use surface detonating cord - Use electronic detonators

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Noise

Activities:

- Drilling - Blasting - Earth moving operations - Crushing - Screening

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Standard At Quarry Boundary

Should not exceed 5 – 10 dB(A) above normal day time ambient level

Day time: 65 dB(A)

Night time: 55 dB(A)

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Processing

Enclosures around crushing and screening plants Solid barriers (bund walls and topographical

features) Vegetation belt Maintain access and haul road to reduce truck

noise Maintain & lubricate machineries to reduce

machinery noise Use silencers on compressors, rotary engines

and generators

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Dust control

Typically, low concentration of dust

in respirable range (less then 3 microns)

Sources - from processes

- from fugitive sources

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Dust Generating Points Drilling Blasting Loading of trucks Truck travel Fugitive dust loss from trucks Dumping onto primary crusher Primary, secondary, tertiary crushing Screening Transfer points on conveyor systems Loading onto storage piles from conveyors Windblown dust from stockpiles and open

conveyors

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Mitigation Measures

Some already discussed earlier

Common approach:

- Wet suppression system - Dry collection system

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Agglomerative Wet Suppression System

- Use atomizing nozzles - Water spray pressures Exceeding 14 atm (200

psi)

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Wet Suppression System

Applicable for both process and fugitive dust emission

Efficiency: Greater than 70%

Need to enclose dust generation sources

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Examples of Enclosure Types/Forms

Transfer Points

A head box with inlet strip curtain

A seal on underside of feeder belt

Tight chute with a rock box

Tight skirt board for the entire length of the belt cover

Strip curtain fitted at the front and back discharges of the cover

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Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.)

Screens

Preferably, totally enclosed

If open, the feeder belt must be enclosed with a head box extending out over the deck and

distribution plate

A seal with rubber between deck and hopper

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Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.)

Crushers

Rock box or vault under crusher, with substantial volume

If no vault, the receiving belt must be skirted

Crusher month to be protected from wind by wind screen

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Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.)

Dump pockets and hoppers

Custom design enclosure

Hopper top - use of solid sheet material/ tarp fabric/wind fence material

Baffles or turning vans

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DRY COLLECTION SYSTEM

Advantage:

- More efficient

Disadvantage:

- Capital intensive - Power consumptive - High maintenance - Applicable only to sources

which can be enclosed

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Dry collection system consist of:

- Extraction system (hoods, ducting, fans)

- Bag house (filters; filtration velocity)

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Drilling for blast charge:

Use wet suppression system

or

Hooding plus cyclone

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Crushing operation (primary, secondary, tertiary)

Primary Crushers

All crushers must be enclosed

Wet suppression system (spray above and below crushers)

Crushers can be inter-linked with water flow detectors

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Secondary Crushers

Sources:

- transfer into crusher- crusher itself

Dust control:

- enclosure - vent though bag house

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Screening and Material Transfer

Sources:

- Screens- Transfer points- Load outs (from hoppers and conveyors)

Dust control:

- enclosure - vent though bag house

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Conveying

Control:

- Spraying with water or conditioning agents at or below discharge points from the conveyer

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Stockpiling

Control:

- Storage bays- Covers- Water spraying (plus suppressants) - Reduce fall height- Use stone ladder- Limit height of stockpile- No open storage of material under 3 mm- Stockpile at sheltered points- Areas used by vehicles to be consolidated or kept wet

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Truck Out Areas

(From quarry site to public roadways)

Control:

Paving (minimum 30 m)

Use wash station

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MAINTENANCE/MONITORING AND RECORD KEEPING

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Visible emission monitoring

Visible emission due to particle size range of 0.1 to 200 microns

Operator should monitor visible emission

Visual observation indicates effectiveness of dust control on site

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Other Dust Monitoring Techniques:

Use simple dust deposition gages

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Record Keeping of Visible Emission Monitoring

Keep a record of (in a log):

- Visible emission monitoring activity

- Corrective actions taken

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Performance Monitoring of Air Pollution Control System

Performance monitoring and record keeping requirement for bag filters to follow the Guidance Document published by the DOE entitled:

Technical Guidance Document Series Number DOE APCS-II

“Technical Guidance on Performance Monitoring of Air Pollution Control systems”

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Performance Monitoring of Storm Water and Erosion &Sediment Control Measures

Inspection required:

To ensure continued performance of storm

water and erosion control measures

Visual inspection during general inspection round by quarry supervisor

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Storm Water and Erosion & Sediment Control Measures

Inspection frequency

- Every 7 days or

- within 24 hours after any storm event greater than 1 cm of rain per 24

hours period

Sampling conducted during/after storm event

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Record Keeping

Keep a log of:

- Visual inspection

- Sampling activity

- Corrective actions

CONCLUSION

Department of Environment, Malaysia

Department of Environment, Malaysia

CONCLUSION

A need for a new and comprehensive approach to environmental management in quarry industry in Malaysia

Best management practices/best available techniques are available to mitigate impacts to acceptable levels

Hence quarries and other land users can co-exist harmoniously

Contact : sham@doe.gov.my

Department of Environment, Malaysia