Transcript of Globalisation Essay
- 1. Erika Louise Tolputt 03.11.10 GlobalisationThe definition of
globalisation is a growth to a global or worldwide scale. This
basically means abusiness or service that has grown to a worldwide
scale from the smaller business that was originallythe starting
points of their business. Globalisation could also be conceived as
the process by whichregional economies, societies and cultures have
become interrogated through a global network ofpolitical ideas
through communications, transportation and trade. The term is most
closely associatedwith the term economic globalisation; this
basically means the integration of national economies intothe
international economy through trade, foreign direct investment,
capital flows, migration, the spreadof technology and military
presence. However, globalisation is usually recognized as being
driven bya combination of economic, technological, sociocultural,
political and biological factors. The term canalso refer to the
translational circulation of ideas, languages or popular culture
through acculturation.An aspect of the world which has gone through
the process can be said to be globalised.There are both positive
and negative aspects of globalisation that have affected the world
in differentyet also similar methods as well. There are a few
positive effects that I would like to focus on as I seethem as some
of the most important aspects of globalisation, the first of the
four points that I haveresearched and chosen is the idea of
technology and services that have dramatically changedthrough
globalisation. This means that the technology has dramatically
changed since globalisationstarted to appear, in other words the
technology that was around years ago has improved in theshortest
amount of time and has changed the way live to a certain extent.
For example the way thatcomputer technology has changed, so the
technology has advanced from simple basic windowssoftware to the
highest quality technologies. Now we can change and adapt a simple
word documentto something that suits our criteria where as in the
past we could only have a simple word documentand nothing was
adaptable apart from perhaps the font and size of the font. This is
a positive changein the industry as having computer software change
that drastically means that in the past all theindustries and
businesses could only work at a snail pace and now creating a
document is more timeand cost efficient as businesses can create a
document in the quickest time and it doesnt cost apenny apart from
when originally purchasing the software which comes at a bargain
price consideringthe amount of work and time you would be using
that particular piece of software.Another aspect of positive
effects of globalisation is the idea of movement, in other words
this meanstravel and how the community can travel from place to
place and this can be through public transport,personal travel or
further travelling. An example of public transport is that the
trains were lacking intechnology in the past, the presentation of
the trains, the amount of trains there are, the services ofthe
trains and the destinations in which train stations have been
situated. This means that in the pastthe presentation of the first
great western trains showed that it was a poor quality and now just
fromdoing primary research and extra funding from the government
the train services were able to changethis and they have adapted
the trains to have seats and appropriate standards for travel. The
amountof trains has dramatically increased as again through extra
government funding the trains were ableto at least triple the
amount of trains they already had in use so that more people could
travel aroundthe country. Another factor of the trains is that the
quality of the train services has improved so forexample the actual
train stations have improved in quality and improved the services
that the trainscan offer. The final factor of importance is that
the train services have been able to place train stationsin a lot
of destinations so that the trains can be accessible for more
customers and travellers. Anexample of personal travel is the use
of cars as in the past the use of cars were limited due
totechnology and cost efficiency. This means that cars were so
limited due to the fact that thetechnology and mechanics of cars
were limited as there were a limited amount of people that new
theskill and had the educational factor of manufacturing cars. This
also means that the efficiency ofmanufacturing was lack and the
cost efficiency was also lacked because to manufacture these
carswas difficult as the technology was not around at that time and
had not yet been developed andtherefore to gain the technology and
mechanics for the cars such as the car manufacturers jaguarcost an
immense amount of money. Although when the technology and
information was discovered inhow to manufacture and improve the
general efficiency of the cars it started of a route in which
thetechnology of cars dramatically improved. Also there was a
greater access to money as people andindustries noticed the market
for cars and therefore the funding increased drastically in the
years upuntil now where the manufacturing of cars has extended to
other industries that not only involve carsbut other areas as
well.BTEC Creative & Media Production
- 2. Erika Louise Tolputt 03.11.10A final example of movement is
further travelling which means planes and ferries, in the past
therewere hardly any planes made at all due to the access of
technology and the access to the amount ofmoney needed to run and
manufacture this type of travel. As time had passed on the access
toplanes such as virgin airways became greater as the industries
started to develop an understandingof planes and the services to
run the planes, not only did the technology and manufacturing
changebut the amount of money that the plane companies had access
to changes dramatically and becamemuch more accessible. This is a
positive change in the industry as from these changes
andadaptations travel and movement has become more accessible and
more efficient for the entirecountry and other countries as
well.Another aspect of the positive effects of globalisation is
common trade, this basically means how theindustries began to trade
with other countries as labour and materials were cheaper in other
countriestherefore having them imported to this country would mean
that the entire system is cheaper than ifwe had not have began
common trade. An example of common trade is how when the world
beganthe method of common trade in the past and through common
trade the first world countries beganabusing the idea that it was
cheaper to have products made in third world countries as they
werecheaper to employ and there hard working nature, for example
gap abused this right and beganunderpaying and abusing the
employees working conditions. Once industries and government
headswere realising that this method of common trade was unfair and
needed to be changed otherwise wewould have possibly lost alliance
with the countries that were manufacturing our products so
thereforesomething had to be improved otherwise the world would
lose its common trade. This means that theworld had to come up with
a solution so they could keep their manufacturers so they could in
effectkeep their businesses or services up and running, therefore
they created a system called fair tradewhich is an adaption of the
common trade. Fair trade is the idea that the manufacturers in
third worldcountries were paid equally for their work and we had to
improve their working conditions so that itwas fair that for the
price we paid for their particular service was not unreasonable as
long as theworkers and employees had a fair outcome to the work
they produce for our countries andbusinesses. Therefore this was a
positive outcome of globalisation as the businesses and
productsneeded their services to grow along with the rate of
globalisation so that they did not lose business. Itwas also a
positive outcome as the manufacturers were able to produce products
at a more timeefficient rate and therefore for our businesses we
were able to sell at a faster rate to compete withother businesses
and as it was still cheap to trade with other countries the
businesses could expandand adapt to improve their businesses.The
final positive outcome of globalisation that I found of somewhat
importance was the factor of costefficiency; this basically means
that the effects of cost efficiency have dramatically changed
especiallyin branding. An example of how cost efficiency has
changed in a positive light is that if you hadbought a particular
product such as a television in the past it would have cost a
substantial amount ofmoney which is almost unaffordable except for
those who were earning enough money at the time toafford such
luxuries or so they were at the time. Since the time in which those
sorts of luxuries werebasically unaffordable until globalisation
started to increase pricing but also began increasing theemployment
salary as well which made products such as televisions affordable.
Cost efficiency hasimproved along with the common trade which is
the reason for pricing becoming more affordable, nowto purchase a
television from a business such as Sony would of cost an
unaffordable amount ofmoney until it started to become affordable
due to other aspects in the industry improving such as thecommon
trade, the government funding and the globalisation of the world.
It is also down to the ideathat as in the past there were only a
select few businesses or not even that just perhaps oneparticular
business that were selling their own particular product that was
essential such as televisionsand technology and then when
technology and money started to become more available,
industriesand other people started to invest in that area of the
business industry therefore more businesses thatwere selling the
same product but had their own unique twist on their brand started
to become moreand more by the day and then eventually we had
multiple businesses that were producing the samebrand but putting a
particular outlook on their own products therefore when it came
down topurchasing this particular product there were multiple
choices therefore all the businesses in thatindustry were in
competition with each other therefore lowering their prices and
perhaps offeringcertain discounts. This is a positive aspect of
globalisation as this competition in cost motivated otherbusinesses
and kept all the businesses on edge so that they could always
improve and adapt as theyhave in the past to get to the stage that
their at now. This would keep the business going and thatparticular
industry going the more people that invested into that particular
area of interest.BTEC Creative & Media Production
- 3. Erika Louise Tolputt 03.11.10Although there are positive
aspects of globalisation there are also negative aspects as all
positive hasa bad effect to follow it. In globalisation there are
four important areas of interest that I found had aparticular hold
on describing how globalisation has negatively affected the world
and the industries init. The first of these four that I found
particularly interesting was the idea that globalisation
hadnegatively impacted the economy, the economy used to be a
structured format in which it was astrong economy because to have a
strong economy we would need a lot of businesses manufacturingin
our own country which at the time we had as there was no other way
that we could manufacture asthe common trade was not introduced
until further into the manufacturing industry. When he had astrong
economy the common trade was introduced which meant that having our
productsmanufactured in another country meant that manufacturing
was in effect a lot cheaper as it was beingproduced in a place
which made the manufacturing a lot cheaper. Once a couple of
businesses hadbegun transferring to common trade other businesses
followed and as globalisation grew bigger sodid the amount of
businesses participating in the common trade and therefore the
economy is weakas there almost no businesses in the united kingdom
that manufacture their own products in their owncountry. An example
of how our economy is weaker as jobs that were involved in
manufacturing in theUnited Kingdom have been terminated as the
manufacturing companies closed down due tomovement in other
countries that are manufacturing for businesses in the United
Kingdom at a muchcheaper rate, therefore the economy is weaker than
it had been in the past and has adapted into aweaker form of what
it had been. An example of the economy becoming weaker is a
business calledBradford and Bingley who crashed due to common
trading with the united states when their economystarted to crash
because of the manufacturing trade so did our economy. This is a
negative aspect ofthe effects of globalisation as when the economy
crashes then we begin to lose business and jobsthat are desperately
needed to keep the system flowing accordingly.Another aspect of
globalisation that has had a negative effect on the world is the
social features; thisbasically means that how each country had
their own particular identity and culture in which that
thecountries represented them. An example of how the identity and
culture of each country has changedis how with the United Kingdom
where we had a history of culture and a history of substance, where
ithas changed due to globalisation as through the country the
history and culture has been faded outwith business and industries
and engulfed with globalisation. When the culture wasnt engulfed
withbusiness and the forums of the industries our countries had a
history and substance that has beendrowned out through the
marketing. Businesses that were encouraging the deterioration of
theheritage is other businesses that have immigrated and businesses
that have grown so much that theyhave began having stores and other
services in this country. These businesses grow in numbers suchas a
clothing company called Hollister which originated from the states
and grew into having storesand services in other large clothing
economies. This is a negative effect of globalisation as
loosingheritage due to globalisation means that we lose what our
country and what other countries represent.This is also considered
a negative effect of globalisation as from the heritage being
ruined we willcontinue to have a past of business and business
history instead of what we had had in the pastheritage.Another
aspect of globalisation that has had a negative effects on the
world is the political views; thisbasically means that since the
world has changed through globalisation so has the statuses in
thehouses of parliament and other governments, this is because all
the businesses and industries havechanged dramatically and have
caused problems for the economy and now the government have topick
up the pieces where the businesses and industries have been
careless and left lose threads thathave caused our economy to trip
up and cause problems that are proving solve less. An example ofhow
the government are struggling with the changes of globalisation is
the idea that the governmentarent coping with the amount of people
that have fallen into serious debt where people havepurchased items
or products that they could not afford to purchase but where the
business industryhave convinced the public that they need a certain
product or brand in which they could not afford topurchase at the
time. Therefore from the debt that these people have bought upon
themselves andhave been unable to pay the original pricing back as
well as the interest that follows the latepayments, following this
the government offer housing, money benefits and other benefits
that willpotentially help those struggling with debt, this is a
huge strain on government funding. The debt formany people is
getting worse as the globalisation of brands and globalisation in
general is increasingso is the debt for many others as this creates
even more problems for the government which they willhave to
continue in trying to potentially solve this problem. The brands
that are creating some of theseproblems is brands such as heart,
the estate agency that forces people to get a loan from the
bankotherwise their houses and property are almost unaffordable so
therefore people go in to debt for themortgages that the majority
of the population potentially cannot make the payments to. This is
anegative effect of globalisation as when the government start
having issues with people that do notBTEC Creative & Media
Production
- 4. Erika Louise Tolputt 03.11.10stick up to payments they have
to start making cuts which effects the entire population not only
thepercentage of the population that are in debt. Also when it
effects the entire population it will thenpotentially affect the
businesses that are involved around this debt which will
potentially affect otherbusinesses as well.The final negative
aspect of globalisation is the idea of the biological factors, this
basically means thatthe through the changing world of globalisation
the industries have grown stronger and larger andmore manufacturing
companies have grown in mass. This means that businesses such as
virginairways that started off as a small business who intended to
grow along with the globalisation of theworld and as they had grown
they began affecting the biological outlook of the world and
startedproducing mass amounts of carbon emissions and other
elements that began effecting theenvironment. As they had started
to ruin the environment they also began disturbing other elementsof
nature which was the communities that have had to of been induced
with the terminals that havebeen built around neighbouring areas
which we sourly affected with this business and their service
orservices, virgin airways were created plenty of drama when they
began to create terminals whichaffected the neighbouring areas,
they also began creating more planes and transports which
wereaffecting the environment which was unnecessary as the
environment was already deteriorating withother businesses
enlarging which meant they needed to increase their manufacturing
statuses andfactories so that they could carry on increasing their
businesses and industries along with the effectsof globalisation.
This is a negative effect of globalisation as it has affected many
areas in life insteadof just one particular area, this has a huge
impact on the countries and communities instead of theindustries
and other businesses, although it will motivate other businesses to
improve further thanvirgin airways and therefore creating more
potential problems and as these businesses continue incompetition
the communities around them will be heavily affects more and more
as these businessescontinue to improve. This will not only cause
more problems for the communities but it will also causeproblems
outside of the countries but into the world where it will begin to
affect other countries andthe environment around them. This could
potentially be a huge problem as these businesses are notthe only
ones that continue to improve as in every industry all the
businesses are in permanentcompetition who are causing further
problems.In conclusion to this question there have been positive
and negative aspects of globalisation andthere are varied opinions
on globalisation but the points that have been made in this essay
aregeneral factors that are obvious to anyone that offers out some
form of an opinion. In the world thereare countries and economies
that are benefiting from globalisation that were not benefiting in
the pastand they will continue to benefit as globalisation grows
stronger and stronger every day, the countriesthat have been
positively affected is countries such as China who have benefited
as they have one ofthe biggest manufacturing responsibilities in
the world although having benefits from globalisationthey have also
suffered some negative aspects as having such a huge market for
manufacturing willcome at a price. Whereas other countries such as
the united kingdom are suffering from the effects ofglobalisation
as manufacturing has weakened the economy and the other downbeat
effects are notonly effecting the public and businesses but its
reached higher and has affected the governmentbecause the public
and businesses could not solve the situation without financial and
structured helpfrom the leaders of the country. All together
globalisation will continue to grow and affect many peopleand many
industries, its how each country and economy can cope and adapt to
the changes that willhandle the changing effects and potentially
benefit from the changes, although there will be downfallsand its
how the industry can pick itself back up after being shot down due
to the affects ofglobalisation.BTEC Creative & Media
Production