Global Youth Ministers 2013Food Crisis

Effects of climate change on food security and nutrition

Outline

Focus on… The interaction between climate change and food

production (agriculture) Examples of the most affected regions Challenges and opportunities for food security

VulnerabilityInteraction between climate change and food production

Vulnerability and risks

The risk of the climate change exposure magnitude sensitivity ability to respond and adapt

Components of vulnerability

Biophysical and social factors High population growth and low income Increase the number of malnourished children in

the future Policies (??????????????)

Effects of vulnerability

Individuals Households Communities Agricultural systems (i.e. countries)

Who are the most vulnerable?

ExamplesExamples of most affected regions

General examples

Different cropping systems are sensitive to different climate change▪ E.g.: Rice-based systems are sensitive to high daytime

temperature▪ Potato-based systems are sensitive to high nighttime

temperature

General examples

Countries where humans haul water are more sensitive than those using machines

Countries with fewer diversity of diet are more sensitive than others

Low-income and rural communities are vulnerable

Victims?

Who are the victims? (I) Arid regions (II) Coastal regions (III) Temperate regions (IV) Tropic regions

A. (II) only B. (I), (III), (IV) C. (II), (III) D. (I), (II), (IV)

Most affected regions

Arid and semi-arid regions of the tropics Southand West Asia, India, North Africa, part of dry Andes

in Latin America.

Coastal Areas (at risk of flooding and sea level rise) Countries with agriculture in river deltas Small island states

Regions that already have conflicts for land and water

Most affected systems

Pastoralists and Small scale farmers in dry areas particularly in S. Asia and Africa

Marine fishery production among tropical nations

Small farms that have little access to markets

Effects

With high population growth and low income growth average kilocalorie availability declines in all regions by 2050

Climate change increases the number of malnourished children substantially

Trade flows adjust if trade policies don’t control the current situation

Adaptations, challenges and recommendations

Challenges and opportunities

Adaptation objectives

Adaptation policies are to: Produce more food Build more resilient food systems Consider the needs and rights of farmers Support vulnerable groups and communities Address sustainability

Challenges

EmissionsFood Insecurity

Food productionCost of production

(Just) Recommendations

Adapt policies and actions Principles:

1. Integrate food security and climate change2. Enlarge the base of evidence for policy-making3. Involve all stakeholders in decision-making4. Focus on the needs and contributions of

disadvantaged

(Just) Recommendations

National governments and international organizations

1) Pursue synergies in food security and climate change actions

2) Increase resilience of food systems to climate change3) Develop low-emissions agricultural strategies that

contribute to food security4) Collect information locally and share knowledge globally5) Facilitate participation of all stakeholders in decision

making and implementation

(Just) Recommendations

General Recommendations: Encourage more explicit recognition of food

security negotiations on ▪ Climate change▪ International trade

Enhance the role of civil society Support to improve data collection and a collection

sharing mechanism on international data gathering for climate change and food security

http://www.fao.org

Question and Answer