Post on 12-Feb-2016
description
HIGHLIGHTSBACKGROUND
CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
NEGATIVE IMPACT
THE PROPOSAL
Authority for Action WTDC-10, Res. 47, WTSA-08 Res. 76 and the PP-10 Res .177 have been adopted. ITU Council-2009 endorsed those Res considering their importance to developing countries
in bridging the digital divide.
C & I Resolutions request following actions Awareness creation capacity building through workshops & training programmes Establishment of test centres in developing countries Interoperability events Conformity database
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Actions are led by TSB and BDT
TSB has set-up C&I database Manufacturers must make visible declaration of conformity Only about 2% of 3000+ ITU-T Recommendations have test specifications
TSB/SG has to work hard to increase this percentage
Database experiencing slow patronage due to lack of co-operation by manufacturers and vendors Acceptance from some developed countries
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Problems continue to exist after 4 years of adoption High cost of proprietary equipment
Core and backhaul networks
Problem of end user affordability Non interoperable hardware devices and software applications
core network Poor QoS delivery
Proliferation of sub-standard ICT devices and terminals as a result of lack of testing labs in developing markets, Lack of adequate of monitoring of the influx of ICT equipment Lack of understanding of the test reports and different interpretations capacity building challenges (personnel) regulatory non compliance
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Silent policy and regulatory frameworkNone existence of MRAs
Poor market surveillance capabilities
Regulatory vacuum
Difficulty in Type approving and certifying equipment due to
different interpretations of specification by manufacturers
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Increase in ICT digital divide and standardisation gap; counter productive to ITU-T Res. 44
Inadequate technical and financial capabilities
Absence of C& I testing do not facilitate the uptake of technology and services
Less consumer confidence in Regulatory bodies
Some obsolete and legacy ICT equipment Interfaces and protocols of such systems are incompatible with modern
(NGN) systems
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Equip. Category (1)Description of the
problem (2)Reasons (3)
OMC Signaling no conformity to standards
Announcement Machine for subscribers
Signaling no conformity to standards
IN Partial/Total non conformity for expected functionalities
no conformity to standards
NGN (RNC/MGW) Softwarepoor interoperability equipment different vendors
Mobile Switching Center Signalingpoor interoperability equipment different vendors
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Better exposure for vendors
Opportunity for small and emerging vendors
Higher probability of interoperability
Assist better interpretation and understanding of standards, testing and test results
Facilitate MRAs, Regulatory and Policy framework
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Ghana requests Director TSB to intensify efforts to ensure a full implementation ITU-T Res 76 during the next study period
Vendors need to support TSB efforts in bridging the digital divide through adopted resolutions
Res. 76, 44 etc.
May require protocol and equipment security implementation. a recommendation for investigation by appropriate SG
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Africa group should support the TSB efforts in implementing C&I database program
to guide our national standards development
The group should collaborate with the Director TSB to implement the recommended actions on
Resolution 76 (Johannesburg, 2008) and as endorsed by ITU Council in 2009;
We should continue to dialogue until Res. 76, 44 and 177 become fully implemented at least for the
benefit of DC.
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A number of private and government entities provide voluntary
certification, testing laboratory and accreditation database schemes
Global Certification Forum GCF operates a certification scheme for mobile phones and wireless devices
based on 3GPP standards.
CTIA – The Wireless Association administers: PTCRB scheme for GSM and UMTS devices in the USA CDMA Certification Forum for CDMA2000 devices for the global market CTIA Battery Certification Program for IEEE 1725 – 2006 and IEEE 1625 – 2008
rechargeable batteries Bluetooth Compatibility Certification Program
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WiFi Alliance operates certification programs for products based on IEEE 802.11 standards.
WiMAX Forum certifies interoperability of IEEE 802.16e products.
Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) manages certification programs for Carrier Ethernet equipment and services .
Broadband Forum (BBF) test specifications for DSL and TDM services over MPLS, accredits independent DSL testing laboratories administers an MPLS certification program. MPLS in mobile backhaul certified products
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HomeGrid Forum develops a G.hn compliance and interoperability programme.
IEEE Conformity Assessment Programme (ICAP) offers a Product Conformance Registry for manufacturers to register products that
conform to IEEE specifications and a Test Lab Registry for testing laboratories.
IEEE 1588 Conformity Alliance ensures conformance to the IEEE 1588 "Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization
Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems".
CableLabs produce specifications with the aim of developing interoperable cable devices such as
cable modems, set-top boxes, digital TVs and telephony devices.
SIPForum has established a programme for supplier declaration of compliance with the
SIPconnect technical specification.
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