Genetic Testing for Personalized Nutrition. The Science of Nutrigenomics About Nutrigenomix® How...

Post on 25-Dec-2015

215 views 0 download

Tags:

Transcript of Genetic Testing for Personalized Nutrition. The Science of Nutrigenomics About Nutrigenomix® How...

Genetic Testing for Personalized Nutrition

The Science of Nutrigenomics

About Nutrigenomix®

How Nutrigenomix® Works

The Genetic Test Results Report

Overview

Genes encode proteins, which have many functions Some proteins interact with dietary components

Genes are composed of sequences of nucleotides (A, C, G and T)

Differences in nucleotides within a gene produce genetic variants• Single Nucleotide Polymorphism = “SNP”

o Example: a “C” replacing an “A”• Insertion/deletion = deleted segments ( “del”) or additional inserted

segments ( “ins”)

We inherit two copies of most genes, one from each parent • Each gene has two different forms (e.g. A and C, or ins and del)• Three possible variants (or “genotypes”):

o Example: AA, CA, or CC

The Science of Nutrigenomics

Increase

Decrease

No EffectGenes

Genotype A

Genotype C

Genotype B

HealthOutcomeNutrition

The Science of Nutrigenomics

Test developed for exclusive use by dietitians

Why only dietitians?

Most qualified experts to offer nutritional advice Best at providing personalized nutrition plans Not considered a controlled act

No referral required

About Nutrigenomix®

University of Toronto start-up company

Launched in Canada, June 2012

Available in >300 clinics

8 languages in 15 countries

Panel of 7 genetic tests

About Nutrigenomix®

• Dietitians of Canada Conference Toronto, June 2012

• International Congress of Dietetics Sydney, Sept. 2012

• Food & Nutrition Conference and Expo (USA) Philadelphia, Oct 2012

Nutrigenomix® Launch

Nutrigenomix is based on studies published in:

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Archives of Internal Medicine Atherosclerosis Genes and Nutrition Journal of Hypertension Journal of the American Medical Association Journal of Nutrition

Backed by an expert Science Advisory Board

Science behind Nutrigenomix®

DNA-based dietary advice resulted in: greater understanding of

recommendations greater interest in learning more greater motivation to change eating

habits improved dietary outcomes (to be

published)

Ahmed El-Sohemy, PhD (Chair)Canada Research Chair in NutrigenomicsUniversity of Toronto

David Castle, PhDChair of Innovation in the Life SciencesUniversity of Edinburgh

Lynnette R Ferguson, D.Phil., DScProgram Leader of Nutrigenomics New ZealandUniversity of Auckland

J. Bruce German, PhDDirector of Foods for Health InstituteUniversity of California, Davis

Ben van Ommen, PhDDirector of the Nutrigenomics OrganisationTNO Quality of Life

Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson, RD, PhDAssistant Professor in Nutrition SciencesUniversity of Ottawa

Jose Ordovas, PhDDirector of Nutritional GenomicsTufts University

David Jenkins, MD, PhDCanada Research Chair in Nutritionand MetabolismUniversity of Toronto

International Science Advisory Board

Test performed with dietitian Test sent to lab Results uploaded Report generated

Results interpreted by

dietitian

How Nutrigenomix® Works

Five-Step Process

1. Test performed with dietitian – saliva sample provided

Saliva collected into vial:Quick, non-invasive

procedure

How Nutrigenomix® Works

2. Saliva sample sent to lab for genetic analysis

How Nutrigenomix® Works

3. Results uploaded to secure server

How Nutrigenomix® Works

4. Personalized report generated and sent to dietitian

How Nutrigenomix® Works

5. Meet with dietitian to discuss results and develop personalized nutritional plan based on genotype

How Nutrigenomix® Works

Test panel consists of seven genetic tests:

The Genetic Test Results Report

Sample Report

Low levels of vitamin C linked to increased risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer

Some utilize vitamin C more efficiently than others

Dependent on a variant of the GSTT1 gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for GSTT1, recommend target vitamin C intake

Cahill et al. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;90:1411-1417.

Vitamin C

Frequency of serum ascorbic acid deficiency by GSTT1 genotype and vitamin C adequacy.

* Relative risk of deficiency for those with the “deletion” (Del) variant who do not meet the RDA for vitamin C compared to those who meet the RDA

Cahill et al. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;90:1411-1417.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Folate

Low folate linked to increased risk of heart disease

Some utilize folate more efficiently than others

Dependent on a variant of the MTHFR gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for MTHFR, recommend target folate intake

Guinotte et al. J. Nutr. 2003;133:1272-1280.

Frequency (%) of subjects who had low serum folate after repletion with 400 mcg/day of daily folate equivalents, by MTHFR genotype

Guinotte et al. J. Nutr. 2003;133:1272-1280.

* Relative risk of low serum folate for those with the risk variant (CT or TT genotype) compared to those with the CC genotype.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Whole Grains Whole grains may help reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes

Some benefit from increasing whole grain consumption more than others

Dependent on a variant of the TCF7L2 gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for TCF7L2, recommend target whole grain intake

Cornelis et al. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;89:1256-1262.

* Percent risk calculated from odds ratios for GT or TT group compared to GG group when the glycemic load of the diet is high.

Risk of diabetes based on TCF7L2 genotype and glycemic load (GL) of the diet.

Cornelis et al. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009;89:1256-1262.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Omega-3 Fat Omega-3 fats may help reduce risk of heart disease by lowering triglyceride levels

Omega-3 fats help reduce triglycerides in some people, while others see little benefit

Dependent on a variant of the NOS3 gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for NOS3, recommend target omega-3 fat intake

Ferguson et al. Atherosclerosis. 2010;211:539-544.

Circulating levels of triglycerides based on circulating levels of omega-3 fats (low vs. high) and NOS3 genotype

Ferguson et al. Atherosclerosis. 2010;211:539-544.

* Subjects with the GT or TT genotype who had low circulating omega-3 fats (≤3.68% of total lipids as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) had a 25% greater circulating triglyceride level than those with high circulating omega-3 fats (>3.68% of total lipids as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids).

Sample Results

Sample Results

Saturated Fat Saturated fat is associated with heart disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity

Some people are more prone to obesity when consuming a diet high in saturated fat

Dependent on a variant of the APOA2 gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for APOA2, recommend target saturated fat intake

Corella et al. Arch. Intern. Med. 2009;169(20):1897-906.

Combined data showing overall frequency of prevalent obesity by APOA2 genotype and saturated fat intake

* Relative risk of obesity for those with the CC variant who consume <22 grams saturated fat/day compared to those who consume ≥22 grams of saturated fat/day.

Corella et al. Arch. Intern. Med. 2009;169(20):1897-906.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Sodium Sodium intake is linked to blood pressure

Some have a greater increase in blood pressure than others in response to excess sodium intake

Dependent on a variant of the ACE gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for ACE, recommend target sodium intake

Poch et al. Hypertension. 2001;38:1204-1209.

Prevalence of salt-sensitive hypertension by ACE genotype

Poch et al. Hypertension. 2001;38:1204-1209.

* Relative risk of salt-sensitive hypertension with the GA or AA genotype compared to the GG genotype.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Caffeine Caffeinated coffee can influence heart health

Some people have increased risk of high blood pressure and heart attack if they consume ≥2 cups/d of coffee, while others do not have this risk

Dependent on a variant of the CYP1A2 gene

Results: Based on individual’s genotype for CYP1A2, recommend target caffeine intake

 Cornelis et al. JAMA. 2006;295:1135-41.

Risk of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with coffee consumption by CYP1A2 genotype

Cornelis et al. JAMA. 2006;295:1135-41.

* Significantly increased risk of MI compared to <1 cup/day.1,2 Risk = relative risk of MI for subjects with the GA and AA genotype who consume (1) ≥4 cups of coffee/day or (2) 2-3 cups of coffee/day compared to those consuming <1 cup of coffee/day.

Sample Results

Sample Results

Website: www.Nutrigenomix.com

Email: info@nutrigenomix.com

Or Contact:

Lisa Cianfrini, MSc, RD (click below to watch video)Manager, Dietitian ServicesNutrigenomix Inc.Lisa.cianfrini@nutrigenomix.com 416-323-7599

Learn more about Nutrigenomix:

Starter Package for Dietitians

Register at www.nutrigenomix.comCollege registration number must be provided