Lecturer : Azim khan

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80% Metal

?

Combined state Native state

Remember all ore are

mineral but not all mineral

are ore.

The process Removal of gangue from the ore.

Also Called

Working-

filtered

Which also impure

filteredHall process

Leaching agent- Diluted solution of NaCN or KCN in presence of air.

Same diagram

When basic gangue given then we used acidic flux. Similarly when acidic gangue……

chemical process combining water, oxygen or other substances in a pressurized or other vessel to dissolve a metal from its ore,

concentrate or an intermediate product .

high temperatures to extract and purify metals

By using electricity

-ve value shows the stability.Inthis method we are finding best reducing agent for ore.

determine conditions such as the necessary temperature needed to reduce the ores of essential metals.

Ellingham explaining the formation of

different metal oxide reaction

and the G value.

This method use for Cu, tin which

contain oxide impurities.

Eg. Cu before impurity 98% after

purity 99.5%.

Also called fractional crystallization method Purity

Melted sideimpurity

Ni tetracarbonyl

Zirconium(IV) iodide

It undergo decomposition to give pure metal.

Steam

This method used to remove the O and N

completely present in the impure form of certain metal like Zr and Ti. The impure metal is heated in a

vessel with little Iodine to form iodide metal.

adsorbent

Column chromatography

The circular part is an Ore

Ore

Portrait of Charles Martin Hall in 1905.

Molten Al

1Kg of Al produced from

0.5Kg of Carbon.