General Classification Soft-rayed fish Dorsal fin is without hard spines Usually have only 1 dorsal fin Adipose fin: small, fatty fin near caudal fin Ex. Trout

General Classification Spiny-rayed fish Hard, sometimes sharp spines in dorsal fin Ex. Yellow Perch

Pennsylvania Fish Species 160 Native to PA Study of fish biology:

Ichthyology

General Characteristics

Ectothermic: temperature of surroundings affects internal temperature and functions

What ONE factor determines which species can survive in a certain body of water?

TEMPERATURE!!!!!

3 Main Temperature Groups:Cold water-< 70 degrees F

(TROUT)Cool water-- > 60 <80 degrees F

(Walleye, Muskellunge)Warm water-- > 80 degrees F(Channel Catfish, Largemouth Bass)

General Characteristics Water temperature and dissolved

oxygen are related Higher water temperature, Lower DO Lower water temperature, Higher DO

Channel Catfish

Channel Cat

Northern Hogsucker

Northern Hogsucker

Muskellunge

MUSKIE

Brook Trout

Brook Trout

Brown Trout

Brown Trout

Rainbow Trout

Rainbow Trout

Pumpkinseed Sunfish

Pumpkinseed

Bluegill

Bluegill

Jeff Ziegler’s $5,000 Blue Gill

1 out of 38 fish released in Lake Arthur!!!!

Black Crappie

Crappie

Largemouth Bass

Largemouth Bass

Yellow Perch

Yellow Perch

PaddlefishFeeding Video

Paddlefish

Walleye

Walleye

Striped Bass (Temperate Bass Family)

Striped Bass

Carp

Carp

Spillway Linesville

Carp Spillway

Creek Chub

Creek Chub

Bluntnose Minnow

Bluntnose Minnow

American Eel

American Eel

Fish Adaptations: Scales Hard, sometimes colorful, overlapping

plates Provides protection from predators and

disease/ infection

4 Types of Scales 1. Placoid: rectangular base, under the

skin, spines project to the surface of the skin

New scales are added, do not grow with the fish

Examples: sharks, skates, rays

Shark: Placoid Scales

Skate: Placoid Scales

Ray: Placoid Scales

4 Types of Scales 2. Ganoid: rhombus shape, connected by

peg and socket joints Do not grow with fish, new ones are added Examples: Gar, Paddlefish, Sturgeon

Longnose Gar: Ganoid Scales

Garpike

Sturgeon: Ganoid Scales

Paddlefish: Ganoid Scales

4 Types of Scales 3. Ctenoid: overlapping, allow great

maneuverability as fish bends Grows with fish, found in spiny rayed fish

Ctenoid Scales

4 Types of Scales 4. Cycloid: same as ctenoid functions Smooth margin, soft-rayed fish Grows with fish

Cycloid Scales: Catfish

REVIEWComplete back of note sheetGive different fish examples for

the top 2

2 minutes!!!! GO!!!