Post on 27-Dec-2015
Gas Laws
Units Used With Gas Laws
• PRESSURE: The force applied by many gas particles colliding with each other.
1. Atmospheres (atm) STP= 1atm2. Pounds per square inch (PSI) STP= 14.73. Pascal (Pa) SI UNIT! STP= 101.3
kPa4. Millimeters of Mercury (mm Hg) STP= 7605. Torr (named after Torricelli) STP= 760
– Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer which used mercury.
Units Used With Gas Laws 2
• Temperature:1. Celsius (°C) STP=02. Kelvin (K) STP=273• To convert °C to K:
K=°C + 273• Example: 23°C =?K
23°C + 273= 296K
Units Used With Gas Laws 3
• Volume:
• Volume can be measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL).
3 Major Gas Laws• Boyle’s Law
• Charles’s Law
• Gay Lussac’s Law
Boyle’s Law• Robert Boyle
(1627-1691) • Born in Ireland,
and died in England.
• 1st person to do an actual study on how volume and pressure effect each other.
Boyle’s Law• In all of Boyle’s
studies, the temperature of the gas is always constant.
• Boyle came up with equation:
P1*V1=P2*V2
• Boyle’s equation indicates an inverse relationship between pressure and volume.
• If the pressure goes up, than the volume must go down.
volume, pressure
Boyle’s Law (P vs. V)
Charles’s Law• Jacques Charles
(1746-1823)• He built the first
large balloon.• He studied the
effects that temperature had on the volume of a gas.
Charles’s Law 2
• In all of Charles’s studies, the pressure is always constant, and the temp. in always in Kelvin.
• Charles came up with the equation:V1/T1 = V2/T2
• Charles’s equation indicates that there is a direct relationship between the temperature of a gas and it’s volume.
volume, temp. temp., volume
Charles’s Law (T vs. V)
Gay-Lussac’s Law
• Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850)
• A French chemist who traveled over 7,000 meters in altitude in a hot air balloon.
• He studied the effects that temperature had on the pressure of gases.
Gay-Lussac’s Law 2
• Lussac’s greatest discovery was the relationship between pressure and temperature.
• The volume for his problems will always be constant, and the temp. must be in Kelvin.
• Lussac’s equation:P1/T1 = P2/T2
• This equation indicates that there is a direct relationship between pressure and temperature.
temp., pressure pressure, temp.
The Ideal Gas Law• This gas law is used to determine the
amount of gas, in moles, in a system.• The equation is:
PV=nRTn=the number of moles of a gas
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