Post on 02-Apr-2018
1 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Fujikura PANDA fiber products and Basics of PM fibers
Fiber Optics Network Products Engineering DepartmentFujikura Ltd.
2 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Fujikura PANDA fiber solutionsFujikura has been developing below new PANDA fibers for customersolutions.– For Blue LD,Blue LED products designersSC48-P,SM63-P・UV/UV coating series
– For RoHS Directive PANDA cord users Lead-free, non-halogen PANDA cord series– For Laser diode or modulator for 10G telecom designers UV coating series– For flame retardant users such as telephone office users Flame-retardant series– <15mm winding diameter users 80 microns cladding diameter series– For lower temperature dependence users as coupler manufacturers Low birefringence series
Fujikura is challenging for customer solutions to meet various needs.
3 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for UV/UV PANDA fibers
245+/-15 SM15-PS-U25A
400+/-15 1.29 -1.45
3.0 -5.0
0.5 10.5 1.55 SM15-PS-U40A
245+/-15 SM14-PS-U25A
400+/-15 1.20 -1.38
2.8 -4.7
1.0 9.8 1.40 -1.49
SM14-PS-U40A
245+/-15 SM13-PS-U25A
400+/-15 1.10 -1.29
2.5 -4.0
1.0 9.5 1.3 SM13-PS-U40A
245+/-15 SM98-PS-U25A
400+/-15 0.80-0.95
1.5 -2.7
2.5 6.6 0.98 SM98-PS-U40A
245+/-15 SM85-PS-U25A
400+/-15
UV/UV
0.65-0.80
-30
1.0 -2.0
3.0 5.5 0.85 SM85-PS-U40A
µm µm Max. dB/100m
Mm Max. dB/km
+/-1.0 µm
µm
Coating diameter
Coating Structure
Cut-off Wavelength
Crosstalk
Beat Length
Attenu-ation
MFD λc
4 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Bend performance of 125µm cladding PANDA
Bend diameter (mm)10 20 30 40 50 60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-45
-35
-25
Crosstalk for Y-polarization
Bend loss for Y-polarization
λ=1.55µm
Pol
ariz
atio
n cr
osst
alk
(dB
/4m
)
Ben
d lo
ss (d
B/m
)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
No significant performance degradation in a bend diameter ≥40 mm of 2% proof test PANDA fibers.1% proof should be bent ≥ D60mm due to life time.
SM15-PS
5 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Flame retardant PANDA fiber
UL94-V-0 Polyester-elastomer Resin over coating
UL1581-VW1 Flame retardant
Alternative from Nylon coating fiber
Wavelength:0.85,0.98,1.3,1.45,1.55µm, DSF
6 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for 900µm PANDA fibers
UV/Polyamide(Black)
UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Black)
UV/Polyamide(Black)
UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Black)
UV/Polyamide(Black)
UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Black)
UV/Polyamide(Green)
UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Green)
UV/Polyamide(Black)
UV/Polyesrer-elastomer(Black)
CoatingStructure
SM15-PS-N90A
1.29-1.45
3.0-5.0
0.510.51.55SM15-PS-H90A
SM14-PS-N90A
1.20-1.38
2.8-4.7
1.09.81.40-1.49
SM14-PS-H90A
SM13-PS-N90A
1.10-1.29
2.5-4.0
1.09.51.3SM13-PS-H90A
SM98-PS-N90A
0.80 -0.95
1.5-2.7
2.56.60.98SM98-PS-H90A
SM85-PS-N90A
900+/-100
0.65 -0.80
-25
1.0-2.0
3.05.50.85SM85-PS-H90A
µmµmMax.dB/100m
mmMax.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
Diameter
Cut-offWavelength
Crosstalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MFDλc
7 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Lead and Halogen free PANDA cords
Polyolefin coating for RoHS directive compatibleBest alternative for PVC coatingIEC60332-3-C flame-retardant2 fiber ribbon type available
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
CoatingStructure
0.50-0.62
2.0124.00.63SM63-PS-G20A
2.0+/-0.2
0.40 -0.47-30
2.0304.00.48SC48-PS-G20A
mmµmMax.dB/100m
Max.mm
Max.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
Diameter
Cut-offWavelength
Crosstalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
CoreDiameter
λc
8 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Lead and Halogen free PANDA cords for PVC alternative(2)
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Green)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Black)/Polyolefin(Gray)
CoatingStructure
1.29-1.45
3.0-5.0
0.510.51.55SM15-PS-G20A
1.20-1.38
2.8-4.7
1.09.81.40-1.49
SM14-PS-G20A
1.10-1.29
2.5-4.0
1.09.51.3SM13-PS-G20A
0.80 -0.95
1.5-2.7
2.56.60.98SM98-PS-G20A
2.0+/-0.2
0.65 -0.77
-25
1.0-2.0
3.05.50.85SM85-PS-G20A
mmµmMax.dB/100m
mmMax.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
Diameter
Cut-offWavelength
Crosstalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MFDλc
9 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for Dispersion Shift PANDA fibers
2000+/-200
900+/-100
UV/Polyester-elastomer(Blue)
1.53
-25
3.0-5.0
0.58.01.55
DS15-PS-H90A
400+/-15
UV/UV-30DS15-PS-U40A
UV/Polyamide(Blue)/Polyolefin(Gray)
UV/Polyamide(Blue)
CoatingStructure
DS15-PS-G20A
DS15-PS-N90A
µmµmMax.dB/100m
mmMax.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
Diameter
Cut-offWavelength
Crosstalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MFDλc
10 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Features of RC-PANDA fibers 11.Higher birefringence for lateral pressure endurance
r
f
θ
r
f
r1
Eπf4CB⋅
= ( )r1
EπfθSin θ Cos1 2CB⋅
⋅−=
C:Photo Elastic constant E:Young’s modulus
2. Attenuation and MFD non-circularity optimization
Re-design Stress applying parts
•B2O3 , OH absorption increase
•MFD non-circularity increaseTo improve above, reduce slightly MFD diameter.
11 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Features of RC-PANDA fibers 23. Smaller bending radius tolerance
•For good bending property,Bending lossBending crosstalk
should be small both. 2
2
RrC
21B =
R
r
Higher aperture design andachieve good results
4. Splice loss optimizing
Telecom component⇒ Need low splice loss with
different major fiber splices Requirement:Splice loss < 0.1dB
MFD differences with other fibers are designed within slight level
12 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Attenuation and Crosstalk in 4m length bending
980nm RC-PANDA 1550nm RC-PANDA -40
-35
-30
-25
-2015 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Cro
ssta
lk [d
B/4
m]
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Bending Loss [dB
/m]
: Slow axis
: Fast axis
-40
-35
-30
-25
-2015 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Bending Diameter [mm]
Cro
ssta
lk [d
B/4
m]
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Bending Loss [dB
/m]
:Slow axis
: Fast axis
Bending Diameter [mm]Y: Fast axis
X: Slow axis
13 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for RC-PANDA fibers
1.29-1.45
2.5-4.5
2.09.51.55RCSM15-PS-U17B
1.20-1.38
2.3-4.2
2.09.01.40-1.49
RCSM14-PS-U17B
1.10-1.29
2.0-3.5
2.08.21.3RCSM13-PS-U17B
165+/-10UV/UV
0.80-0.95
-25
1.4-2.6
2.56.00.98RCSM98-PS-U17B
µmµmMax.dB/100m
MmMax. dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
Diameter CoatingStructure
Cut-offWavelength
CrossTalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MFDλc
14 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
PANDA fibers for sensors
Stable sensing against external perturbations
Connecting fiber to sensor light source
Suitable for faraday effect sensing fibers(UV/UV coating type of 0.63, 0.48µm were started to release )
Blue laser cutoff wavelength is also available
15 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Typical wavelength characteristics of sensor 0.48,0.63 PANDA
Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM48-P
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
450 500 550 600
Wavelength(nm)
Loss
(dB
/km
)
Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM63-P
0
2
4
6
8
10
600 650 700 750 800 850 900
Wavelength (nm)
Loss
(dB
/km
)
16 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for sensor PANDA fibers
400+/-15UV/UVSC48-PS-U40A
400+/-15UV/UVSM63-PS-U40A
900+/-100UV/Poly-amide(Black)
0.50 -0.62
12(4.0)0.63SM63-PS-N90A
165+/-100.65 -0.80
2.0
3.54.00.85RCHA85-PS-U17B
245+/-15UV/UV1.00 -1.29
-30
2.52.05.51.3HA13-PS-U25A
900+/-10030(4.0)0.48SC48-PS-N90A
245+/-15SC48-PS-U25A
UV/Poly-amide(Black)0.40
-0.47
µmµm Max.dB/100m
MaxMm
Max.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
DiameterCoatingStructure
Cut-offWavelength
Cross-talk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MF(Core)diameter
λc
17 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Low birefringence PANDA fiber
Optimized birefringence for polarization devices– Suitable for temperature sensitive polarization devices
– SAPs (Stress applying parts) interval is widely located
– Lower birefringence than standard PANDA
– SAP thermal expansion coefficient is less effective that temperature dependence should be stable
18 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Specifications for low birefringence PANDA fibers
1.29-1.45
4.4-7.8
0.510.51.55SM15-PR-U25A-H
1.20-1.38
4.1-7.3
1.09.81.40-1.49
SM14-PR-U25A-H 245+/-15UV/UV
0.80-0.95
-25
2.8-4.9
3.06.60.98SM98-PR-U25A-H
µmµmMax.dB/100m
mmMax.dB/km
+/-1.0µm
µm
DiameterCoatingStructure
Cut-offWavelength
Crosstalk
BeatLength
Attenu-ation
MFDλc
19
PANDA fiber tail assembly
PANDA Connectors– FC connector– SC connector
Custom-made Assembly– Special ferrule– Special tail assembly
-Rounded-end, Taper-end-Metallic coating, AR coating
20 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
PANDA connectorsPANDA-FC Connector FC and SC Connector typical properties
Polishing SPC UPC APCInsertion Loss max 0.5dB 0.5dB 0.5dBReturn Loss min 40dB 50dB 60dBCrosstalk max -25dB -25dB -25dBAxial Alignment typ +/-3 deg +/-3 deg +/-3 deg
PANDA-SC Connector
Other connectors, polishing and axis alignments are also available.
21 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Basics of Polarization maintaining fibers
Fiber Optics Network Products Engineering DepartmentFujikura Ltd.
22 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Polarization modes in ideal SM fiber
A Single-mode(SM) fiber has two degenerated orthogonal polarization modes, which have the identical propagation constant: nx=ny, bx=by
Rotational asymmetries such as core ellipse or lateral stress induce birefringence and lift the degeneracy.
23 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Polarization in ideal SM fiber
An ideal SM fiber with perfect rotational symmetry can maintain any state of polarization. If any stress induces on the fiber or a fiber has an non circular core...
Without external stress
24 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Stress-induced birefringence
Rotationally asymmetrical stress changes refractive indices for two orthogonal polarization direction (birefringent axes): photo-elastic effect. As a result, the two orthogonal modes are separated: nx > ny, βx > βy: stress birefringence.
External stress due to bend or lateral pressure
σx
σy
y
x
)( σσ xxyx CB nn −=−=
C:Photo Elastic constant
25 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Polarization in actual SM fiber
Stress-induce phase difference causes polarization change.State of polarization at output is not stable.
External stress
26 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Structure of PANDA fiberBoron-doped SAP(Stress applying parts) have higher thermal coefficient of expansion than the cladding. – SAP: 3 X10-6 / degree C– Cladding: 5 X 10-7 / degree C
The SAP shrinks more than the cladding during cooling process of drawing.Tensile stress of SAP direction remains in the core induces large stress birefringence.
Core (GeO2+SiO2)
Y ( f ast axis)
Cladding (SiO2)
X ( slow axis)
Stress applying parts (B2O3+SiO2)
Refractive index profile along x- direction
27 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
How to preserve polarization
A fiber with high internal birefringence can maintain linear polarization against external perturbations since its birefringent axis rotation is small.
Birefringence induced byexternal stress Intrinsic birefringence
External stress
Intrinsic birefringence vector
<<
Polarization crosstalk
28 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Production process of Fujikura PANDA
Drawing
AssemblingManufacture VAD preform
Drilling, lapping and polishing
,
ManufactureSAPs
Intermediate inspection
Final inspection
Rewinding to shipping spoolShipment Prooftest
29 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Inspection items and methods on PANDA fiber
FOTP-193DirectFCrosstalkITU-T G.650JME / Wavelegth scanIGroup beat length
ITU-T G.650OTDR / Spectral loss (cutback)
IAttenuation
ITU-T G.650Bend referenceICutoff wavelength
ITU-T G.650Far-field pattern / Variable aperture
IMode field diameter---MicroscopeO / ICoat diameter
ITU-T G.650Grey scaleI / FCore offsetITU-T G.650Grey scaleO / I / FFiber diameter
ReferenceMethod or techniqueApplication
O: Process measurementI: Intermediate inspectionF: Final inspection
30 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Beat length
Beat length Lb is one cycle of periodical polarization variation along a PM fiber. Related to modal birefringence as follows:
BLb λ
=
Lb:Beat length
31 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Measurement of polarization crosstalk
Measure the extinction ratio of output light while input linear polarization is launched into input.
Fiber under test
Compensator or depolarizerAnalyzer
Light Source Power meter
CT=10logPyPx
CT=10logPxPy
PolarizationcrosstalkPolarizer Py
Py
Px
Px
X-Pol.
Y-Pol.
Unit: dB
32 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Power coupling coefficient
Polarization crosstalk in linear expression is proportional to fiber length through random mode-coupling. Power coupling coefficient, h-parameter, is defined as a power coupled to the orthogonal mode in unit length.
L:Fiber Length
LLh ηη
≈=− )(tan 1
1010CT
x
y
PP
==η-50
-40-35-30-25-20-15
1 10 100 1000
Pol
ariz
atio
n cr
osst
alk
(dB
)-30 dB/100 m-25 dB/100 m
CT0 = -47 dB-45
Fiber length (m)
33 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Reliability performance
Passed Origin, Temperature-humidity aging IEC,GR-20 Fatigue value 6Passed For reference, Flame retardant only UL1591 VW-1 Other 7
Passed Origin, Aging(-40,85degC),Temperature cycling,Temperature-humidity aging
IEC,GR-20 Tensile strength 5
Passed Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak
---Polarization Crosstalk
4
Passed Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak
---Attenuation 3
Passed Origin(45,23,0degC), Temperature- humidity aging, Water soak,Hot water soak
IEC,GR-20 Strippability 2
Passed Origin,Temperature-humidity aging, Water soak,Hot water soak
---Observation of Coating
1
Results Condition Reference Test item
34 Fujikura proprietary916-0506-049-03
Summary of Fujikura PANDA fiberLow attenuation and low polarization crosstalk with superior designing and manufacturing.High dimensional symmetry and uniformity.– Suitable for splicing,connectorizing and optical devices.
High reliability proofed in actual system and customer
New series are released as ongoing developments– Lead-free, non-halogen PANDA cord series – Sensing
(SM48-P,SM63-P, RCHA85-P,HA13-P UV/UV series )– Flame retardant coating– 80 micron cladding– Low birefringenceFujikura is challenging for customer solution together.