Fubar Labs Arduino Tutorial

Introduction to Arduino HW andIntegrated Development Environment

4/14/2018 Introduction to Arduino and IDE 1

Hampton Sailer, HW Engineer

• 30+ years experience designing microprocessor basedcircuit boards.

• 25% of my time with software for debug

• 7 years website design,UI and backend

• TCP/IP Ethernet networking debug

• Lots of power wiring (120 volt) work

• Stage lighting and sound system work

• Home construction and renovation

• http://www.hamptonsailer.com

Fubar Labs Arduino class

• Requirements: some programming experience, aLaptop, Arduino starter kit.

• Use as much ready made hardware – Arduino Uno

• Ready made PCB, daughter cards (shields), Sensors

• Detailed understanding of HW features

• Mostly a software learning experience

• Drive real world I/O, power, sensors, buttons, relays

• Networking, communication, user interface

• Follow through with IDE “Example” codes

• Follow http://www.tutorialspoint.com/

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Class list

• Introduction to Arduino IDE, and Multifunction Shield

• Motor Control, DC Motor, Servo Motors, Stepper Motors

• Sensor part 1: Pyrotenic InfraRed detector, Temperature

• Sensors part 2: Ultrasonic distance, IR remote control

• LCD display and User Interface

• LED string programming class

• Communications: USB, Ethernet, others to a PC GUI

• Special Music Synthesizer Class, Fluxamashield

• Special Robotics build class -

Why use Arduino?

• Arduino is a very popular single board microcontroller,hence very low cost. (~$8)

• Open source, anyone can duplicate, royalty free.

• Easy to understand software environment (IDE).

• Lots of primitives built in, little initialization.

• www.arduino.cc website has lots of support

• Hardware is easy to use, lots of documentation

• Microchip-ATMEGA328 at Digikey

• Many, ready made daughter cards, (Shields).

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At DigikeyATMEGA328

Arduino Uno R3 schematic

Arduino 2560 Mega

• Atmel ATmega 2560

• 256K Bytes Flash

• 8K Bytes SRAM

• 54 Digital I/O

• 16 Analog input (12 bit)

• 4 UARTS

• 16 MHz clock speed

• Still an 8 bit CPU

• About $12 fromAmazon Vendors

Arduino Duemilanove

• Atmel SAM3X8E ARMCortex-M3 CPU

• 512K Bytes Flash

• 96K Bytes SRAM

• 3.3 Volt only I/O

• 84 MHz clock speed

• 54 Digital I/O ports

• 4 UARTS, SPI, I2C

• 12 analog inputs (12 bit)

• 2 DAC outputs (12 bit)

• From Amazon $22

http://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/ATSAM3X8C

Arduino Shield stacking

• All pins busedtogether

• User must resolvepin conflicts

• Power deliveredto stacked boards

Multifunction Shield

• 4 digit 7-segment LED displaymodule driven by two serial74HC595's

• 4 x surface mount LED's in aparallel configuration

• 10K adjustable precisionpotentiometer

• 3 x Independent push buttons• Piezo buzzer• DS18B20, LM35 temperature

sensor interface• Infrared receiver interface• Serial interface header for

convenient connection to serialmodules such as Bluetooth,wireless interface

• Amazon HiLetgo Shield

http://files.cohesivecomputing.co.uk/Hackatronics-Arduino-Multi-function-Shield.pdf

Motor Control Shield

• Two L293 chips

• Dual “H” Bridge, each

• Total 4 “H” Bridges

• Run 2 stepper motors

• Up to 0.5 amp output

• Up to 30 Volts

• SPI serial device

• SPI select from digitaloutput

LCD and button shield

• This is a basic 16 characterby 2 line black-on-greendisplayUtilizes the extremelycommon HD44780 parallelinterface chipset.Interface code is freelyavailable.Blue Backlight with whitewords.uses 4 Bit Arduino LCDLibrary.

How to use:Arduino_LCD_KeyPad_Shield

Communication with Arduino

MidiController

RS-232Serial

USB Zigbee

Bluetooth

WiFi

Ethernet

ArduinoProcessor

Networking Technologies

• GPS Global_Positioning_System

• GSM/GPRS General_Packet_Radio_Service

• SIMCOM_AT_Commands Cell Phone Shield

• Ethernet Shield Qunqi-W5100-Ethernet

• WiFi Shield Qunqi-Electronics-ESP8266

• Bluetooth Shield Wikipedia/Bluetooth

• ZigBee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigbee

• XBee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBee

• LoRaWAN https://www.lora-alliance.org/

Ethernet Shield

• Uses Wiznet 5100 chip

• http://www.wiznet.io

• Full TCP/IP stack on chip

• Uses SPI to interface

• RJ45 Twisted pairCategory 5 Ethernetcable, 10/100 Mbps

• https://www.gearbest.com

Sensor Modules

• Ultrasonic module tomeasure distance

• http://www.circuitbasics.com/ultrasonic

• DHT11 Temperature andhumidity

• http://www.circuitbasics.comTemperature and Humidity

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Motion detection Sensor

• PIR Pyrotecnic InfraRedsensor

• Adjustible sensitivity

• Adjustible Delay time tooff.

• Light control

• Alarm detection

• https://learn.adafruit.com/passive-infrared-proximity

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Some Hardware Vendors

• Ebay, Aliexpress, Amazon, Sears, Walmart• https://www.adafruit.com/• https://www.sparkfun.com/• http://shieldlist.org/• www.jameco.com http://www.mpja.com/• www.digikey.com www.mouser.com• https://www.dfrobot.com/• http://www.apcmag.com/12-raspberry-pi-

alternatives.htm/• https://playground.arduino.cc/Main/Resources• https://www.tindie.com/browse/arduino/

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Installing the IDE

1. Goto https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

2. Download the Arduino IDE

3. Open the *.exe file

4. Agree to licence agreement

5. Install all checked component SW items

6. Choose default folder to install SW, default is good

7. Click “Install”

8. Icon will be installed to your desktop.

9. Double click icon to startup IDE

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Integrated Development Environment

• Set the board type

• Set the USB port

• Open example

• Edit Sketch code

• Upload Sketch

• User serial monitor fordebug

• Reset board to runagain

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ArduinoLanguageReference

Arduino Official Library

Arduino Reference Libraries

Ardunio Playground LibrariesContributions from 3rd Parites

https://playground.arduino.cc/Main/LibraryList

https://www.arduino.cc/en/guide/libraries

http://arduino-info.wikispaces.com/Arduino-Libraries

Arduino IDE built in examples

General Program flow

//declarations

int buttonPin = 3;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);

}

void loop() { // ... }

Control statements, Setup, Loop

• Structure

• setup()

• loop()

• ; (semicolon)

• {} (curly braces)

• // (single line comment)

• /* */ (multi-line comment)

• #define

• #include

• Control Structures

• if

• if...else

• for

• switch case

• while

• do... while

• break

• continue

• return

• goto

I/O Functions

• Digital I/O

• pinMode()

• digitalWrite()

• digitalRead()

• Analog I/O

• analogReference()

• analogRead()

• analogWrite() - PWM

• Advanced I/O

• tone()

• noTone()

• shiftOut()

• shiftIn()

• pulseIn()

• Time

• millis()

• micros()

• delay()

• delayMicroseconds()

Arduino UARTThe following code will make Arduino send hello world when it starts up.void setup() {Serial.begin(9600); //set up serial library baud rate to 9600Serial.println("hello world"); //print hello world}void loop() { }After the Arduino sketch has been uploaded to Arduino,open the Serial monitor at the top right section of Arduino IDE.Type anything into the top box of the Serial Monitor and press send or “Enter”.This will send a series of bytes to the Arduino.The following code returns whatever it receives as an input.

void setup() {Serial.begin(9600); //set up serial library baud rate to 9600}void loop() {if(Serial.available()) { //if number of bytes (characters) available for readingSerial.print("I received:"); //print I receivedSerial.write(Serial.read()); //send what you read } }Notice that Serial.print and Serial.println will send back the actual ASCII code,whereas Serial.write will send back the actual text.

Other important stuff

• External Interrupts

• attachInterrupt()

• detachInterrupt()

• Interrupts

• interrupts()

• noInterrupts()

• Communication

• Serial

• Stream

• Bits and Bytes

• lowByte()

• highByte()

• bitRead()

• bitWrite()

• bitSet()

• bitClear()

• bit()

Math and character handeling

• Math• min()• max()• abs()• constrain()• map()• pow()• sqrt()• Trigonometry• sin()• cos()• tan()• Random Numbers• randomSeed()• random()

• Characters• isAlphaNumeric()• isAlpha()• isAscii()• isWhitespace()• isControl()• isDigit()• isGraph()• isLowerCase()• isPrintable()• isPunct()• isSpace()• isUpperCase()• isHexadecimalDigit()

/* Define shift register pins used for seven segment display */#define LATCH_DIO 4#define CLK_DIO 7#define DATA_DIO 8

/* Segment byte maps for numbers 0 to 9 */const byte SEGMENT_MAP[] = {0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,0X80,0X90};/* Byte maps to select digit 1 to 4 */const byte SEGMENT_SELECT[] = {0xF1,0xF2,0xF4,0xF8};

void setup () {/* Set DIO pins to outputs */pinMode(LATCH_DIO,OUTPUT);pinMode(CLK_DIO,OUTPUT);pinMode(DATA_DIO,OUTPUT);}

/* Main program */void loop() {/* Update the display with the current counter value */WriteNumberToSegment(0 , 0);WriteNumberToSegment(1 , 1);WriteNumberToSegment(2 , 2);WriteNumberToSegment(3 , 3);}/* Write a decimal number between 0 and 9 to one of the 4 digits of the display */void WriteNumberToSegment(byte Segment, byte Value){digitalWrite(LATCH_DIO,LOW);shiftOut(DATA_DIO, CLK_DIO, MSBFIRST, SEGMENT_MAP[Value]);shiftOut(DATA_DIO, CLK_DIO, MSBFIRST, SEGMENT_SELECT[Segment] );digitalWrite(LATCH_DIO,HIGH);}

http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/SoftwareI2CLibrary

Free Arduino Tutorials

• https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/BuiltInExamples• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/• http://www.me.umn.edu/courses/me2011/arduino/• http://www.computerprogrammingbook.com/arduino/• https://playground.arduino.cc/Main/ManualsAndCurriculum• http://www.free-engineering-books.com/2014/10/the-largest-

collection-of-arduino-books.html• http://www.electronicshub.org/arduino-project-ideas/• https://randomnerdtutorials.com/arduino-step-by-step-

projects/• https://www.elprocus.com/• http://arduinolearning.com/code/multi-function-shield-

examples.php

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Electronic Music

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCK--bs6FYY

• http://musicfromouterspace.com/

• http://www.paia.com/index.asp

• http://www.birthofasynth.com/index.html

• https://moderndevice.com/product/fluxamasynth-shield/

• https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10587

• https://modularaddict.com/shruthi-smr4filter-pcb

• https://mutable-instruments.net/archive/shruthi/build/smr4mkii/

• http://sensorium.github.io/Mozzi/

• https://encyclotronic.com/synthesizers/misc-instruments/minty-synth-20-r1130/

Robot parts stores online

• http://www.robotshop.com/en/

• https://www.dfrobot.com/

• https://www.vexrobotics.com/

• https://www.bananarobotics.com/shop/