From: http://www.arthist.umn.edu/classes/AH8720/spring2001/images/conversion.jpg

Political Periods

1. Pre-Dynasty (2852-2205)

2. Dynastic China 2205 BC to 1911

3. Republican China and Civil War 1911-49

4. Mao Zedong Era 1949-1976

5. Reform Era 1978 to present1. 4th Generation 2002 to present

2. 5th Generation began 2012

Chinese Dynasties• Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors 2852-2205 (Pre-Dynasty)• Xia 2205-1766 BCE• Shang 1766-1122 BCE• Zhou 1122-221 BCE

– Spring and Autumn Period 770-476– Warring States Period 475-221

• Qin 221-206 BCE• Han 206 BCE-220 AD• Three Kingdoms 220-280• Western Jin 265-316• Eastern Jin 317-439• Southern and Northern 386-589• Sui 589-618• Tang 618-906• Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 907-960• Song 960-1279• Yuan (Mongol) 1279-1368• Ming 1368-1644• Qing (Manchu) 1644-1911

Order-Chaos Cycle

Order(centralization)

Chaos(decentralization

and war)

Order(centralization)

Chaos(decentralization

and war)

Qin Dynasty, 221-206 BCE

Tang Dynasty, 618-906

Yuan Dynasty, 1279-1368

Foreign Rule of China, Mongols

Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644

Admiral Zheng He’s Voyages

Manchu Rule in Qing Dynasty

Chinese Political Thought: Confucius

Official ideology of Han Dynasty• Unity of political and social order• Hierarchy

– 5 major relationships

• Emperor– mandate of heaven

• Harmony• The Analects• Mencius

Master Kong Fu Zi, 551-479 BC

Chinese Political Thought: Legalism

• Order, not harmony• Power of the Emperor• Loyalty to ruler over loyalty to family• Philosophy of Qin Emperor

Han Fei, 280-233 BC

An authoritarian, bureaucratic monarchy lasted for 4,000 years:

Why did the fall of the Qing Dynasty become the fall of China’s imperial age and the fall of Confucian ideology?

British Colonialism: Opium Wars

Treaty of Nanking, 1842

Map from: http://iao.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/Henriot/AKQWeb/Mapjpeg/MpOpiWar.jpeg

“Carving Up China like a Ripe melon”

From: http://www.resourcefinder.org/imperialism/Colonial%20China.jpg

Two Major Movements1. Nationalists: Guomindang (Kuomintang-KMT)

Dr. Sun Yat Sen Chiang Kai-shek

1866-1925 1887-1975

2. Communists (1921)

No.76 Xingye Road, Shanghai Mao Zedong

1893-1976

Collapse of Qing Dynasty

• 10/10/11 Major Troop Revolt

• Birth of Republic of China

• Provisional President Sun Yat Sen 1911

• Overthrown 1912 (by military)

The Collapse and Conquest of China

• 1916-1927: Warlord Period

• 1931: Japanese puppet state Manchukuo

• GMD vs. CCP. vs. Japan– Long March 1934-35

• 1937-1945 Sino-Japanese War – (see Long March link)

Chinese Civil War 1946-1949

October 1, 1949

National Day

The Chinese Revolution

• The birth of Communist China

• End of colonial era

• Nationalist revolution