Post on 20-Mar-2017
FREEDOM ON THE NET: CUBA IN CONTEXT
INTERNET FREEDOM IN CUBA
GLOBAL CONTEXT
THE WAY FORWARD
ANALYSIS ADVOCACY ACTION
OUR MODEL FOR CATALYZING RESPECT FOR RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES
1/3 OF WORLD POPULATION WITHOUT POLITICAL RIGHTS, CIVIL LIBERTIES
36% 40%
24%
1/3 OF GLOBAL INTERNET USERS WITHOUT INTERNET FREEDOM
34%
31% 23%
12% not assessed
FREEDOM ON THE NET
DIAGNOSING INTERNET RESTRICTIONS TO ENABLE THEIR REMOVAL
FREEDOM ON THE NET
ANALYSIS COVERING 88% OF THE WORLD’S INTERNET USERS
OBSTACLES TO ACCESS
LIMITS ON CONTENT
VIOLATIONS OF USER RIGHTS
INTERNET FREEDOM MEASURED ACROSS THREE CATEGORIES
LEVEL OF FREEDOM SCORED ON 100 POINT SCALE
FREE PARTLY FREE NOT FREE0-30 31-60 61-100
INTERNET FREEDOM IN CUBA
CUBA: NOT FREE, BUT SEEING SOME IMPROVEMENT
2009 88
2011 87
2012 86
2013
2014 84
2015 81
86
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
KEY IMPROVEMENTS
ALBA – 1 UNDERSEA CABLE
MORE INTERNET ACCESS CENTERS
MORE AFFORDABLE MOBILE CONNECTIVITY
INCREASED ACCESS TO INDEPENDENT CONTENT
INNOVATIVE CONTENT SHARING
CUBA: NOT FREE, BUT SEEING SOME IMPROVEMENT
2009 88
2011 87
2012 86
2013
2014 84
2015 81
86
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
REMAINING ISSUES
ADD A CHART FOR CUBA INTERNET SPEED DATA
Source: Akamai (2015)
SOUTH KOREA 20.5 Mbps
GERMANY 11.5
AUSTRALIA 7.8
GLOBAL AVERAGE
CHINA 3.1
CUBA 2.5
5.1
EGYPT 1.7
CUBA HAS LOW INTERNET SPEEDS
1HR EQUIVALENT TO 10% OF MONTHLY EARNINGS
THE STATE’S ABILITY TO RESTRICT CONNECTIVITY
CENSORSHIP WITHIN SMS
DEMOCRACY HUMAN RIGHTS
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION NOT PROTECTED BY LAW
CUBA: IN THE CONTEXT OF LATIN AMERICA
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
CUBA 81
VENEZUELA 57
MEXICO 39
ECUADOR
COLOMBIA 32
BRAZIL 29
37
ARGENTINA 27
VENEZUELA
PRICE CONTROLS
POOR INFRASTRUCTURE
LOW CONNECTIVITY
SPEED
ADD A CHART FOR CUBA INTERNET SPEED DATA
Source: Akamai (2015)
S. KOREA 20.5 Mbps
GERMANY 11.5
AUSTRALIA 7.8
GLOBAL AVERAGE
CHINA 3.1
CUBA 2.5
5.1
VENEZUELA 1.9
VENEZUELA’S CONNECTION SPEED
CUBA: AMONG THE BOTTOM FIVE
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
CUBA: AMONG THE BOTTOM FIVE
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
CHINA 88
IRAN 87
SYRIA 87
ETHOPIA
CUBA
82
81
ETHIOPIA
RESTRICTED FREEDOMS
POOR INFRASTRUCTURE
GOVERNMENT MONOPOLY
SYRIA
CIVIL WAR SOPHISTICATED SURVEILLANCE
CONFISCATION OF EQUIPMENT
IRAN
RESTRICTED CONTENT
FREQUENT ARRESTS
“HALAL NET”
CHINA
“GREAT FIREWALL”
FREQUENT ARRESTS
RESTRICTIVE LAWS
CUBA IS BUCKING A BOTTOM FIVE TREND
2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
70
80
90
100
CHINAIRANSYRIAETHIPOIACUBA
60
Source: Freedom on the Net
TWO WAYS FORWARD
THE CHINA MODEL
INVEST IN ICT LIMITED CONTENT
RESTRICTIVE LAWS
ESTONIATUNISIA: DRAMATIC IMPROVEMENT IS POSSIBLE
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
2009 76
2011 81
2012 46
2013
2014
41
39
2015 38
ESTONIAMYANMAR: IMPROVEMENT IS POSSIBLE
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
2011 88
2012 75
2013 62
2014
2015
60
63
BEST PERFORMERS
Source: Freedom on the Net 2015
ICELAND 6
ESTONIA 7
CANADA 16
GERMANY
AUSTRALIA 19
UNITED STATES 19
18
THE ESTONIAN MODEL
SEE ICT AS ECONOMIC DRIVER
INVEST HEAVILY IN ICT
CONSTITUTIONAL INTERNET RIGHTS
TRUONG@FREEDOMHOUSE.ORG @MAIT_TRUONG
WWW.FREEDOMHOUSE.ORG