Post on 19-Jan-2016
FORMULA
Riza Nadya PrastantiIX-B19
7th class
MOTION
VELOCITY
v:velocity (m/s)d:distance (m)t:time (s)
t
dv
ACCELERATION
a:acceleration (m/s2)vt:final speed (m/s)
vo:Initial speed (m/s)
t:time interval (s)
t
vva ot
8th CLASS
1.FORCE AND NEWTON’S LAWS
RESULTANT
• Same Direction
• Different Direction
• Perpendicular
21 FF
21 FF
21 FF
ACCELERATION
f
m
m
fa
=value of force
=value of mass
a=acceleration
WEIGHT
w=weight (N)
m=mass (kg)
g=gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
gmw .
NEWTON’S LAW I
0f
amF .NEWTON’S LAW II
*F=force acting on the body (N)
*m= mass of the body (kg)
*a=acceleration on the body (m/s2)
NEWTON’S LAW III
reactionaction FF
2.PRESSURE
Pressure of solid
• F=force/weight (N)
• P=Pressure (N/m2)
• A=Area (m2)
APF .
Hydrostatic Pressure
P=Hydrostatic pressure (N/m2)
=density of liquid (kg/m3)
g=Earth gravitational acceleration(m/s2)
h=height or depth of the liquid (m)
... hgP
PASCAL LAW
2
2
1
1
21
A
F
A
F
PP
ARCHIMEDES LAW
gVFA ..F= bouyancy force (N)
=density of liquid (kg/m3)
V=volume of liquid moved (m3)
g=Earth gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
RELATION BETWEEN HEIGHT OF PLACE AND AIR PRESSURE
mx
h 10].1.0
76[
h: height of place above sea level (m)
x: pressure of place above sea level (cmHg)
BOYLE’S LAW
CVP
P=pressure
V=volume
C=constant
2211 VPVP
3.ENERGY
MECHANICAL ENERGY
• Em=Mechanical energy (j)
• Ep=Potential energy (j)
• Ek=Kinetic energy (j)
kpm EEE
THE LAW OF MECHANICAL ENERGY CONSERVATION
MBMA EE
EMA=mechanical energy at A
EMB=mechanical energy at B
KINETIC ENERGY
Ek=potential energy (j)
m=mass (kg)
v=velocity (m/s)
2..21 vmEk
POTENSIAL ENERGY
hgmEP ..
Ep=potential energy (joule)
m=mass (kg)
g=gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
h=position from earth (m)
4.WORK
WORK
• W =work (j)
• F =force (N)
• s =displacement (m)
sFW
POWER
• P =power (watt)
• W =work (j)
• t =time (s)
t
WP
LEVER
F =power
=power arm
=load arm
w =load
bK wF
kb
b
k
F
wkM
MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE (kM)
PULLEY
FIXED PULLEY
F = w
~f =power
~w =work
MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE (kM) OF FIXED PULLEY
F
wkM
MOVING PULLEY
MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE
wF2
1
2F
wkM
SLOPING PLANE
f
w
h
s
hwsF
WW BF
..
MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE
h
s
F
wkM
F = power (N)
w =load (N)
s =length of SP (m)
h =height of SP (m)
Wf =work of power F
WB =work of load w
5.VIBRATION AND WAVE
VIBRATION
• Frequency:
n: number of vibration
t: time• Period:
T: period
f : frequency
t
nF
fT
1
WAVE
• Frequency
• Period
• Wave velocity
fT
1
Tf
1
fv .T
v
v = wave velocity (m/s)
= wavelength (m)
T = wave period (S)
f = wave frequency (Hz)
6.SOUND WAVE
• Sound velocity:
• Sound reflection:
• Velocity of sound in the air:
t
sv
t
sv
2
v=velocity of sound (m/s)
t=time (s)
s=distance (m)
Vo=velocity of sound at 00C (m/s)
t=air temperature
tVoV .6.0
DOPPLER EFFECT
FsFs
PP
Fp=frequency that heard by receiver (Hz)
V=velocity of sound in the air (m/s)
Vs=velocity source (m/s)
Vp=velocity receiver
Resonance
l
Vf
4
F=frequency (Hz)
V=velocity
l=length (cm)
MERSENNE LAW
31221
21221
2121
1221
::
)(::
)(::
)(::
m
kgPPffDensity
mAAffArea
NTTffnContractio
mffLength
7.LIGHT
F=focus (cm)S0=object distance (cm)
S1=distance of image (cm)R=radius of curvature
100
112111
SSRor
SSf i
IMAGE MAGNIFICATION
00 S
S
h
hM ii
M:image magnification
h1=height of the image
H0=height of the object
POWER OF LENS
fP
1
P=power of lens (dioptri)
f=focus distance (meter)
Number of image between 2 flat mirror
1360
n
REFRACTION
• Snellius’ Law
• Refractive index
3
4
'
'
OB
OA
nC
C
=refractive index of medium
C =light velocity in vacuum is 2x 108 m/s
Cn =light velocity in medium
=refraction index of medium
=light wavelength in air
=light wavelength in mediumn
n
DEVIATION
• Planparallel Glassi =angle of incident ray
r’ =angle of refracted ray
• PrismD =angle of deviation
i =incident angle
=angle of prism refractor
r’ =angle of refracted ray
'ri
'riD
8.OPTICAL INSTRUMENT
MAGNIFYING GLASS
MAGNIFICATION• When the eye
doesn’t accommodate:
• When the eye accommodates:
• When the eye accommodates maximum:
f
SM n
x
S
f
SM nn
1f
SM n
M =image magnification
Sn =near point
f =focus distance of magnifying glass
MISCROSCOPE
• MAGNIFICATION• When the eye
doesn’t accommodate:
• When the eye accommodates:
• When the eye accommodates maximum:
sob
obs
hob
obhM ob
''
1foc
SMoc n
foc
SMoc n
• Myopia
• Hypermetropia
PRPM
100
HEH PPPP
P100100
9th class
1.STATIC ELECTRICITY
Coulomb Law
2
21 .
r
QQkF
F =coulomb force (N)
k =the constant coulomb force (9x10 Nm2/C2)
Q1Q2 =electric charge (coulomb)
r = intercharges distance (meter)
ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH
E =Electric field (N/C)
k =Constant of coulomb force 9x109Nm2/C2
Q=magnitude of a source charge (c)
R=the distance from point of test charge to source charge (m)
2r
QkE
ELECTRIC CURRENT
t
QI
I =Electric current strength (A)
Q =Electric charge (c)
t =time interval (S)
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
Q
WV
V =potential difference (volt)
W =energy (joule)
Q =electric charge (coulomb)
OHM’ s LAW
R
VI
I =electric current (ampere)
V =electric potential difference (volt)
R =Resistance (ohm)
RESISTIVITY
A
lR
R =resistance ( )
=resistivity ( m)
l =length of wire(m)
A =section area of the wire (m2)
KIRCHHOFF LAW 1
keluarmasuk II
3.ELECTRIC CURRENT SOURCES
EMF AND CLAMPING VOLTAGE
VrV IrV V =clamping voltage (volt)
=EMF
Vr =voltage in internal resistance (volt)
I =electric current (ampere)
r =internal resistance in electric current sources (volt)
321 V
nV
nrR
nI
In the serial circuit:The total voltage in the circuit:
For n sources,the similar voltage sources:
The electric current in the main circuit:
• In the parallel circuit:
The total voltage in the circuit:
The electric current in the main circuit:
321V
rn
RI
1
4.ELECTRIC ENERGY AND POWER
Electric energy
tR
Vw
tRIW
VtIQ
QVW
2
2 ..
..
.
W=Electric energy (joule)
Q=Electric charge (coulomb)
V=Potential difference (volt
ELECTRIC POWER
r
VP
RIP
IVPt
WP
2
2
.
P=Electric power (watt)
W=Electric energy (joule)
T=time interval (Second)