Post on 02-Jan-2016
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Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Productsand Recreation
HORT/RGSC 302
J.G. Mexal
Spring 2002
Christmas Tree Production
Forestry Humor
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products
• Decoratives– cork– birch bark flats– bark mulch– pine straw/litter
• Chemicals– resins– naval stores– insecticides (neem)
• Waste products– walnut shells (tanning)
• Floral Greens– ferns– baby’s breath– mosses
• Christmas & Evergreen Boughs– pine cones– holly– branches
• Understory Plants– mushrooms– medicinals
Trees are Wedding Favors/Aug’03
The GreenWorld Project, a division of Itasca Greenhouse in Cohasset,
will supply tree seedlings as wedding favors
Quercus suberCork oak
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products/
Schery 1952 http://www.granorte.pt/cork_oak.htm
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products
http://www.dicknsons.com/corkhist.htm
http://www.beyond.fr/flora/oakcork.html
http://www.jelinek.com/cork.htm
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products
http://www.corkmasters.com/facts/bark-to-bottle.stm
•17 billion bottles of wine produced each year•9% = synthetic•12% of corks contaminated with fungus that produces
2,4,6-trichloroanisole, or TCA
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products
• Christmas trees and greens = $500/ton
• Bear grass = $0.43/bunch
• Huckelberry = $0.73/bunch
• Salal = $1.06/bunch
• Scotch broom = $0.51/bunch
• Sword fern = $0.64/bunch
• Moss = $0.37/lb
Non-timber Forest Products/ Alexander et al. 2002
Non-timber Forest Products/ Alexander et al. 2002
• Medicinal Plants– Saw palmetto berries ($55/lb)
• Wild mushrooms- – Boletus = $5.69– Chanterelles = $3.26– Morels = $5.04– American matsutake = $14.08 0
10
20
30
40
50
1985 1989 1992
KK$
WA, OR, ID wildmushroom value
Edible mushrooms in the NW/ Pilz & Molina ForEcolMgt 155:3:2002
Common Name Latin Name $/kg kg/ha
OR black truffle Leucangium carthusianum 100 5-10
OR white truffle Tuber gibbosum 50 5-30
Amer. matsutake Trecholoma magnivelare 33 3-15
Morels Morchella sp. 11 1-6
King bolete Boletus edulis 11 n.a.
Chanterells Cantharellus sp. 5 2-20
Forestry & Society
Specialty Products/Matsutake mushrooms J.For. 97:4-11:1999
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
FS Income ($)
10,000
5,000
Permits (no)
FS Income ($)
Permits (no)
31
8
4Yield (lb/ac)
Forestry & Society
Specialty Products/edible mushrooms Science Findings 28/oct’00
• In 1992:– morels 1.3 million lbs– chanterelles 1.1 million lbs– matsutake 0.8 million lbs from ID,OR,WA
Mushroom Harvesting in Mexico/Ciencia Forestal
Forestry & Society
Specialty Products/edible mushrooms J.For. 97:4-11:1999
Morchella elata - morels
Chantharellus cibarius - chanterelles
Tricholoma magnivelare - Matsutake
Thinning vs mushroom production-OR/ Pilz et al. JFor104(1):9:’06
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1996 1997 1999 2001
Control (250 tpa)
Light thin (120 tpa)
Heavy thin (50 tpa)
Chanterelles (lb/ac)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1994 1995 1996 1997 1999 1999 2001
0
50
100
150
200
250
300Pounds/ac
Number/ac
Chanterelles (lb/ac)
Thinned in ‘96
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Specialty Forest Products/Missouri
• Product– Witch hazel
– Purple cone flower
– Black walnut hulls
– Genseng
– Goldenseal
– May apple
– Slippery elm
• Demand (lbs)– >110,000
– 65,000
– >200,000
– 230,000
– 275,000
– 220,000
– 200,000
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products/Pacific NW
Item Value Total Value
Beargrass $0.90/bunch $11,500,000
Baby’s breath $1.50/bunch $ 5,000,000
Sword fern $0.62/bunch $ 1,500,000
Douglas-fir $200/ton $ 263,000
Western juniper $500/ton $ 142,000
Cones $0.04 ea $ 253,000
• Maple Syrup (Acer saccharum)– $30 KK/yr (1.36 KK gal)– Top States
• Vermont (#1 = 40%)
• Maine
• New York
• Massachusetts (9th = 50 K gal)
– 40 gal (@1% sugar) will make 1 gal syrup– 28 gal(@3.2% sugar) will make 1 gal
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Specialty Forest Products-NE
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Specialty Products/Peru
Resin Collection
Rubber Extraction
“Extract the value of the tree before cutting it down”/Ciencia Forestal
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Specialty Products/Naval Stores- Schultz 1997
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
0% 2% 8%
0 m1.2 m2.4 m
Paraquat
Oleoresin (%)
Height above Wound
Western Red Cedar/ Thuja plicata
Greg Gilbert
Forestry & Society
Specialty Forest Products-Chile, Canada
Peat Moss - Chile
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Specialty Forest Products- Silkworm moth w/ cocoon/ feeds on mulberry
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Specialty Forest Products- So. Pine needles
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Specialty Forest Products-biomass
Monarch Butterfly
Neotropical Parrots
Recreation or Ecotourism/Ciencia Forestal
Forestry & SocietyRecreation Visitor Days (RVDs) by Agency/
USDA FS Ecosystem Management 1993 Ann. Rep
Corps Eng.29%
Park Ser17%
Bur.Rec.3%BLM
7%
For. Ser44%
Other0%
288
116
192
47
566KK RVDs
22
Forestry & SocietyBelow Cost Recreation (in $1,000)/
Policy Studies J. 23:258,286:1995Year Appropriation Receipts1983 140,000 37,8371984 135,000 47,9511985 125,000 51,0061986 145,000 48,6831987 150,000 47,6421988 170,000 51,7471989 160,000 55,7161990 200,000 56,6161991 215,000 48,0311992* 230,000 50,0001993* 240,000 55,000
*USDA FS Ecosystem Management 1993 Ann. Rep.
Forestry & SocietySpecialty Products/Review Questions
• What are some of the specialty products extracted from forests in the US? In the world?
• Should the US government support ‘below-cost’ recreation? Why?
• Can specialty products be harvested on a sustainable basis?