FORCES OF CHANGE3.5 understand that common physical, biological, and cultural characteristics create regions. 3.6 understand how physical processes shape Earth’s natural landscapes and affect environments. 3.7 understand how physical systems and environments affect human systems. 3.8 understand how human systems modify the physical environment.

THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH

Crust

Mantle

Outer Core

Inner Core

Solid, rocky

Jello-like, magma

Liquid, Very Hot

Solid, iron and nickel, and the hottest

THE CRUST IS BROKEN UP INTO TECTONIC PLATES

THESE TECTONIC PLATES HAVE NAMES

CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY STATES THAT THESE PLATES MOVE!

The continents were once a supercontinent called Pangaea

BUT WHY DO THESE PLATES MOVE!CONVECTION IN THE MANTLE!

Convection

Warm magma rises and cools

Cooler magma sinks and heats

PLATES MOVE IN 3 GENERAL WAYS

Away from each other

Towards each other

Rubbing against each other

THESE PLATE MOVEMENTS CREATE A VARIETY OF LANDFORMS!

Volcanoes

Islands

Mountains

ONE REGION HAS MORE PLATE ACTIVITY THEN ANY OTHER PLACE ON EARTH!

PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US

EARTHQUAKES ARE SUDDEN VIOLENT MOVEMENTS

PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US

VOLCANOES ARE HOLES IN EARTH’S CRUST WHERE MAGMA ERUPTS OR FLOWS!

PLATE MOVEMENTS CAN CAUSE A VARIETY OF PROBLEMS FOR US

TSUNAMIS ARE HUGE TIDAL WAVES CAUSED BY UNDERWATER EARTHQUAKES