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(Relates to Chapter 32, “Nursing Assessment: Cardiovascular System,” in the textbook)
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•Heart Orientation in the thorax Structures Blood flow through the heart Blood supply to the
myocardium
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Fig. 32-1
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Fig. 32-2
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Fig. 32-3
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Fig. 32-4
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•Heart Conduction system Mechanical system Cardiac reserve
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Fig. 32-5
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Fig. 32-6
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•Vascular systemBlood vessels• Arteries, arterioles• Veins, venules• Capillaries
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Fig. 32-7
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•Regulation of the cardiovascular systemAutonomic nervous system• Baroreceptors• Chemoreceptors
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•Blood pressure Measurement of arterial blood
pressure Pulse pressure Mean arterial pressure
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• Effect of aging on the cardiovascular system (see Table 32-1)Chest wallHeart Blood vessels
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•Subjective informationHealth information• Past health history• Past and current medications• Surgery or other treatments
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• Functional Health Patterns (see Table 32-4)Health perception–health management pattern
Nutritional-metabolic patternElimination patternActivity-exercise patternCoping–stress tolerance patternValues-belief pattern
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• Functional Health Patterns (cont’d)Self-perception–self-concept pattern
Role-relationship patternSexuality-reproductive pattern
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•Objective DataPhysical examinationVital signsPeripheral vascular system• Inspection • Palpation• Auscultation
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Fig. 32-8
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•Objective DataPhysical examinationThorax• Inspection • Palpation• Percussion• Auscultation
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Fig. 32-9
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Fig. 32-10
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Fig. 32-11
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•Noninvasive studiesBlood studiesChest x-rayElectrocardiogramExercise and stress testing
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•Noninvasive studiesEchocardiogramNuclear cardiologyMagnetic resonance imagingComputed tomography
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• Invasive studiesCardiac catheterization and coronary angiography
Intracoronary ultrasoundElectrophysiology studyBlood flow and pressure measurements
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Fig. 32-12
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Fig. 32-13
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Fig. 32-14