Post on 09-Oct-2020
Fig infecting viruses
State of Arte Ficus Carica is a flowering plant in Mulberry family (Moraceae) .
It is widely distributed worldwide, especially the Middle East countries where it has a traditional and economical importance
Diseases induced by intracellular infectious agents (viruses, viroids, phytoplasmas) represent a major threat to fruit trees and resulting in 30 -40% yields loss.
Figs (Ficus carica) are an old and most common fruit grown in all the Mediterranean countries, recently were indicated that the fig were infected with viral and virus –like diseases, Fig mosaic virus was one of them.
List of viruses infecting Fig trees and the year of their identification Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 1 (FLMaV-1) [2006] Closterovirus
Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 2 (FLMaV-2) [2007] Ampelovirus
Fig mosaic virus (FMV) [2009] Emaravirus
Fig latent virus 1 (FLV-1) [2009] Trichovirus
Arkansas fig closterovirus-1 (AFCV-1 ) [2010] Closterovirus
Arkansas fig closterovirus-2 (AFCV-2 ) [2010] Closterovirus
Fig mild mottle-associated virus (FMMaV) [2010] Closterovirus
Fig badnavirus-1 (FBV-1) [2010] Badnavirus
Fig cryptic virus ((FCV) [2011] Alphacrpticvirus
Fig fleck-associated virus (FFkaV) [2011] Maculavirus
Apple dimple fruit viroid (ADFVd) [2014] Apscaviroid
Closterovirus FLMaV-1, FMMaV, AFCV-1, AFCV-2 are viruses classified within
(Closterovirus ; Closteroviridae).
FLMaV-2 is falls under Closteroviridae family, but it is under Ampelovirus genus .
The virion of both genus is non-enveloped, flexuous and exceptionally long, filamentous particles.
The virion body is assembled by the major capsid protein (CP) and the tail by the minor capsid protein (CPm).
The genome is mono-partite linear ssRNA(+), has no poly(A) tract and the 5’ terminus probably has a methylated nucleotide cap.
Badnavirus FBV-1 is an example of the Badnavirus, Caulimoviridae
Badnavirus virion is not enveloped, bacilliform particles, monopartite, open circular, double stranded DNA genome with discontinuities in both strands: one in the transcribed strand and one to three in the non-transcribed strand.
Alphacrpticvirus Finally, FCV is under
Alphacrpticvirus; Partitiviridae.
The two genomic segments linear dsRNAgenome are encapsulated separately.
What are the ongoing Research objectives Nowadays???? The main objectives of this project was to assess the
genetic and biological diversity of viruses infecting Figs worldwide
In Palestine , recently this topic is getting our interests
Field survey and biological study
UBA –Lab testingTNA – cDNA - PCR
RT-PCR resultsThe FMV incidence were found in
most of the figs collected from Palestinian fields
Preliminary results
Virus tested
Fig Samples FMV FBV FLMaV-1 FLMaV-2 FLV-1 FCV ADFVd
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Other research work Sequencing the variants
14 of positive PCR samples were sent for sequencing portion of the FMV to be then compared with the available sequences in the gene bank
Expanding the study to include all known fig viruses
Monitoring the expressed symptoms with the molecular results to correlate the variants with the symptoms on the tree
Survey for these viruses in Palestinian fig trees to assess the sanitary status of the fig viruses in Palestine