Post on 02-Jan-2016
On the Runway…
• 1858 - First couture fashion house established in Paris• 1914-1918 (WW1) – women wear pants and work in
factories• 1920’s – promiscuous clothing • 1950 – heels used as sign of elegance• 1968 – comfortable, elegant clothing adopted• 1974 – men’s fashion takes off• 1990 – cozy, romantic designs• Present day – social status is highly reflected through
material items such as clothing and fashion
Store Tactics
• Number of studies done to support that music volume and music genre played in store affects consumer purchases
• Professional studies indicate that stores utilize music in order to increase spending
Research…
• Observe the gender distribution within mall• Compare the most popular stores for each
gender • Compare the most popular genre of music
between the ages of teenagers • Compare the most common genre of music
within most popular stores of each gender
Procedure!
• Go to the mall on numerous days and at different times
• Ask every third person that walks by a set of questions
• Observe type of clothing people are wearing during trip to mall
Personal Thoughts
• Gender population– More females than males
• Most popular store– Female: Forever 21– Male: Sports stores
• Most popular music genre– 13 to 15: pop– 16 to 22: hip hop
• Music and Store– Association will exist
Gender Population Test!Ho: z=0.5Ha: z>0.5
Conditions:1. SRS2. np
nq3. pop
Checks:1. Assumed2. 283(0.5)=141.5
283(0.5)=141.53. 283
≥ 10
≥ 10≥ 10
≥ 10
ALL CONDITIONS MET Z-DISTRIBUTION 1-PROPORTION Z-TEST
Z= =7.787
P(z>7.787)=3.459X10-15
n
pp
pp
)1(
ˆ
Gender Conclusions!
>We reject Ho because P-value of 3.459X10-15 <alpha=0.05.
>We have sufficient evidence that the true proportion of females that attended the mall during out study is greater
than 50%
>This means that the true proportion of females who attend the mall is greater than the true proportion of males who attend the mall
Gender vs. Store!
abercr
ombie & fitch
americ
an eag
le
banan
a republic
buckle
delias
forever 2
1gu
ess
hot topic
macys
new york
& compan
ypolo
rue 21
sam as
h
urban
outfitters
wet seal
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
FemaleMale
Gender vs. Store Test!Ho: There is no association between gender and the type of store they shop in Ha: There is an association between gender and the type of store they shop in
x2
= ∑ (obs-exp)2
/ exp
Conditions:1. SRS2. All expected cell counts > 5
Checks:1. assumed2. No, continued anyway
x2
= (1-0.73) 2
/ 0.73 + (0-0.26) 2
/ 0.26 + … x2
=
135.9P(x2
>135.9 df=43)=
1.441x10-11
ALL CONDITIONS MET CHI SQUARE-DISTRIBUTION INDEPENDENCE TEST
Gender vs. Store Conclusions!
>We reject Ho because P-value of 1.441X10-11 <alpha=0.05.
>We have sufficient evidence that there is an association between gender and store shopped in
Age vs. Music!
acousti
c
altern
ative
classi
cal
country
hip hopindie
pop
reggae ro
ck0
5
10
15
20
25
30
13 yrs14 yrs15 yrs16 yrs17 yrs18 yrs19 yrs20 yrs21 yrs22 yrs
Age vs. Music Test!Ho: There is no association between age and genre of music listened toHa: There is an association between age and genre of music listened toConditions:1. SRS2. All expected cell counts > 5
Checks:1. assumed2. No, but continued anyway
x2
= ∑ (obs-exp)2
/ exp
x2
= (0-0.020) 2
/ 0.020+ (0-0.21) 2
/ 0.21 + …x2
= 111.0693 P(x2
>111.0693 df=72)= 0.002
ALL CONDITIONS MET CHI SQUARE-DISTRIBUTION INDEPENDENCE TEST
Age vs. Music Conclusions!
>We reject Ho because P-value of 0.002<alpha=0.05.
>We have sufficient evidence that there is an association between age and genre of music listened
to.
Music vs. Store!
abercr
ombie & fitch
americ
an eag
le
banan
a republic
buckle
delias
forever 2
1gu
ess
hot topic
macys
new york
& compan
ypolo
rue 21
sam as
h
urban
outfitters
wet seal
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
acousticalternativeclassicalcountryhip hopindiepopreggaerock
Music vs. Store Test!Ho: There is no association between age and genre of music listened toHa: There is an association between age and genre of music listened toConditions:1. SRS2. All expected cell counts > 5
Checks:1. assumed2. No, continue anyway
x2
= ∑ (obs-exp)2
/ exp
x2
= (0-0.02) 2
/ 0.02 + (0-0.22) 2
+ …
ALL CONDITIONS MET CHI SQUARE-DISTRIBUTION INDEPENDENCE TEST
x2
= 445.603P(x2
>445.603 df=344)= 1.773x10-4
Music vs. Store Conclusions!
>We have sufficient evidence that there is an association between music genre and store shopped
in.
>We reject Ho because P-value of 1.773X10-4 <alpha=0.05.
Population!
• More likely that women go to mall than men
• Gender does affect the type of store shopped in
• Age does determine type of music listened to
• Music does affect type of store shopped in
Bias/Error!
• Only recorded observations at one mall– Montgomery Mall
• Girl surveyors– Women more comfortable talking to other women and vice
versa• Age
– Only surveyed people between 13-22 years of age• Gender
– More females like to shop than males• Infinite choices for favorite store
– Should have limited choices to certain stores
Final Thoughts!
• We believed that the tests indicated what we suspected– More females at mall than males– Gender and age have affect over store and music– Music affects store
• Organizing data was extremely tedious and time-consuming
• We believed Forever 21 would be most popular women’s store but we were surprised to see that most popular men’s store was Target (believed it would be sports authority)