FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Department of Electric power engineering and Ecology

EXAMINATION PAPER TO PhD

THESISModeling of Electric Power

Networks Zaidan Mohamed BuhawaPilsen 2009 ADVISOR: doc.Ing.Emil Dvorský,CSc

Acknowledgement

Chapter one

Primary Energy Supplying in the World

The Primary Energy Supplying in the World

Fuel Shares of TPES from 1973 to 2005

Rate of world energy usage in terawatts (TW), 1965-2005

Global energy usage in successively increasing detail

Fuel typePower in

TW

Energy/year

in EJ

Oil 5.6 180

Gas 3.5 110

Coal 3.8 120

Hydroelectric 0.9 30

Nuclear 0.9 30

Geothermal, wind, solar,

wood0.13 4

Total 15 471

Percentage fossil fuel share in the world consumption in 2004

Shares of World Coal Consumption from1973 to 2005

Shares of World Oil Consumption from1973 to 2005

Shares of World Gas Consumption from1973 to 2005

Regional Shares of Nuclear Production from 1973 to 2005

Renewable energy ,end of 2006(GW)

Chapter two

Energy and sustainable

Development in Libya

Lib

ya s

atel

lite

imag

e

Type unit Production Consomption Export

Natural

gas[1012.m3/year] 12 3 9

Oill[1012.bbl/

year]0.6 0.1 0.5

Electricity [1012.W/year] 20 20 0

Energy production by the 2005 in Libya

Kafra Basin

Polaglan Basin

Sirte Basin

M urzuq Basin

G hadam es Basin

Cyrenaica Platform

Libya oil and gas basins

- Sirte Basin - Ghadames Basin

- Murzuq Basin - Kafra Basin

- Pelagian Basin - Cyrenaica Platform Basin

Total income from oil and gas as percentage of

GDP

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005

TP

ES

sh

are

[%]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

To

tal

TP

ES

[M

te]

gas

oil

Total

Share of single PES on total consumption

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005

Fin

ally

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n -

sh

are

[%]

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

To

tal

Fin

ally

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n [

Mte

]

electricity

gas

oil

Total

Shares of single final power sources

The growth of peak load

Locations of the electrical power plants

Total numbers of customers in electric system

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1980

1984

1988

1992

1996

2000

2004

CO

2 em

itte

rs [

%]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

To

tal p

rod

uct

ion

[10

- 9

kg

]

others

electricity

transport

industry

total

CO2 production by sectors

the average monthly Daily global radiation on the horizontal surface

Annual global irradiations on region’s surfaces

annual average wind speed at 80 m above ground level in m/s

Type Potential

Solar electricity 140,000 TWh/y

Wind electricity 15 TWh/y

Biomass 2 TWh/y

Total 157,000 TWh/y

Renewable energy sources for Libya

Electricity consumption in Libya and supply resources

PV isolated system in countryside

PV Water Pumping for livestock

Technology Total

PV 10 MWp

Wind 150 MW

Thermal Water heating 20,000 m3

Thermal electricity 20 MW

Thermal Desalination 20,000 m3

Hydrogen 20 KW

proposed plan of RES 2010-2020

Vision of a EUMENA backbone grid using HVDC power transmission

Chapter Three

The relation between the wind speed

and energy

Trans.Process

RES Electricity

Wind Turbine

Generator

Wind flow

Mechanical power

Electricity

block diagram how to produce the electricity by wind turbine

Speed and power relations..

Joules).V secondper rate flow .(Mass2

1gynetic.Ener 2ki

.

wattsAVVAVP 32

2

1).(

2

1

pCVAP ...2

1 30

2

])(1)[1( 200

V

V

V

V

Cp

Rotor efficiency versus Vo/V ratio has single maximum.

Rotor Swept Area

2

4DA

rotor) theofeight center).(H at theh rotor widt Maximum(3

2A

Air Density

TR

p

.

mH.10.194.1 40

Chapter Four

Electrical machine

ptTurbine power

Additional Rotor

Resistance rradd

xspeed

Pgt Active power

Speed

Squirrel Cage Induction Generatior

ptTurbine power

PWM Amplification, Real Part Pmd

PmqPWM Amplification, Imaginary Part

rraddAdditional Rotor Resistance

xspeed Speed

Active powerPgt

Ird,Irq Rotor currents

irss_,_

m

Real/Imaginary stator flux

Mechanical angle

Doubly-fedInduction generator

Power converter

Udc Uac Udc Uac

DCDCDCACACAC PIUIUP )Re( *

Chapter Five

Modeling and Simulations

Model of primary regulation of frequency

Graphical formulation of the equations.

The slope of the primary regulation of frequency

The complete program in run mode

Model of primary regulation of voltage

Thank

you