Post on 21-Nov-2014
description
Expressive RFID data access policies for the
Pharmaceuticals supply chain
Miguel Pardal, Mark Harrison, Sanjay Sarma, José Alves Marques
Consulting
Traceability queries
http://trakchain.net/
US Pharma supply chain
Threats
• Prevent illegitimate products from entering
the supply chain
• Returns of counterfeit or stolen products in
replacement of legitimate products through a
wholesaler
• Criminal wholesalers or
pharmacists/pharmacies.
US Pharma numbers
• 1,400 Manufacturers
• 70 Distributors
– Big 3
• 166,000 Pharmacies
DataMatrix & RFID
• You can have both 2D barcodes and RFID
– GS1 compatibility layer
• Industry has chosen barcodes for
item level identification
Point-of-Dispense Authentication
European model
European Stakeholder Model“ensuring patients have access to safe medicines”
ESM Euro Hub
Document-based electronic Pedigree
“US” model
CA, FL
DPMS
Network-centric electronic Pedigree
EPC IS
Prototype
Data capture screen
Manufacturer viewThe manufacturer can see its own events and
the receiving event of the distributor
Distributor viewThe distributor can see all the history prior to
acquisition of the drug and its own events.
Pharmacy viewThe pharmacy sees all the chain-of-custody
events only for the product they receive
PoD vs DeP vs NeP
Classification
Capture storage
Capture cost
Query cost
DeP required secure connections
PoD and NeP secure connections
Conclusions
• PoD is the most lightweight approach
– stores less information
– limited number of secure connections
• DeP stores the most data
– partial pedigrees
– requires 10 times more secure connections
• NeP is a middle ground between PoD and DeP
– stores more data than PoD
– semi-centralized architecture minimizes secure connections
– same infrastructure – EPC IS and the EPC network – can support multiple applications
– start with PoD and later evolve to full pedigree
Q & A
Thank you!Miguel.Pardal@ist.utl.pt
TrakChain:
Quantifying traceability...